適應 알고리즘을 이용한 IIR 디지탈 필터의 設計

裵鉉悳 관동대학교 1987 關大論文集 Vol.15 No.2

In this paper, a design technique of IIR digital filters using adaptive algoritnm is presented. This method begins with the specification of discrete set of arbitrary magnitude and phase characteristics which describe a designed filter response. These frequency domain specifications are used to create an ideal filter whose impulse response is unknown ans non-causal. The advantage of this method is to give arbitrarily specifications of magnitude and phase at equally-spaced frequeneies, and to use arbitrary cost weighting. In experimental results we achieved flat response in pass-band, -40dB response in stop-band, sharf cut-off in transition band, and phase is linear in pass-band.

우식이환 상아질에 대한 all-in-one adhesive의 미세인장결합강도

문지덕,박정길,허복,김현철 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 all-in-one adhesive인 Adper Prompt L-pop과 Xeno(R) III를 우식이환 상아질에 다층 적용했을 때의 효과를 미세인장결합강도의 측정과 주사전자현미경을 이용한 파절양상의 관찰을 통해 알아보는데 있다. 교합면 우식이 있는 21개의 치아에서 편평한 상아질 면이 노출되도록 하여 감염 상아질을 제거한 후 3개씩 7개의 군으로 분류하였다. SM 군은 Scotehbonnd Multi-purpose를 적용하였다. LP1 군, LP2 군, LP3 군은 Adper Prompt L-POP을 각각 단층, 2층, 3층으로 적용하였다. XN1 군, XN2 군, XN3 군은 Xeno(R)$ III를 각각 단층, 2층. 3층으로 적용하였다. 각각의 상아질 접착제 처리 후, 광중합레진인 Filter Z-250을 10mm 높이로 적층 충전하였다. 각 치아는 가로와 세로의 길이가 각각 1 mm인 막대 모양의 절편이 되도록 수직으로 절단하였다. 그 후 미세인장결합강도를 측정하였다. 측정 후 파절된 시편을 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 파절양상을 살펴보았다. 각 군의 미세인장결합강도를 one-way ANOVA와 신뢰도의 Scheffe's Test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 미세인장결합강도를 측정한 결과, SM 군은 14.38±2.01$ MPa, LP1군, LP2 군, LP3 군은 각각 9.15±1.81 MPa, 14.08±1.75 MPa, 14.06±1.45 MPa로 측정되었고, XN1 군, XN2 군, XN3 군은 각각 13.65±1.95 MPa, 13.98±1.60 MPa, 13.88±1.66 MPA로 측정되었다. LP1 군은 다른 모든 군에 비해 낮은 미세인장결합강도를 나타내었고 (p < 0.05). LP1 군을 제외한 다른 모든 군 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p > 0.05). 2. 파절양상을 관찰한 결과, LP1 군에서는 접착성 파절이 우세하게 나타났고, LP1 군을 제외한 다른 모든 군에서는 혼합형 파절이 주로 일어났다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple application of all-in-one dentin adhesive system on microtensile bond strength to caries-affected dentin. Twenty one extracted human molars with occlusal caries extending into mid-dentin were prepared by grinding the occlusal surface flat. The carious lesions were excavated with the aid of caries detector dye. The following adhesives were applied to caries-affected dentin according to manufacturer s directions; Scotchbond Multi-Purpose in 8M group. Adper Prompt L-POp 1 coat in LP1 group, 2 coats in LP2 group. 3 coats inLP3 group, Xeno Ⅲ 1 coat in XNl group, 2 coats in XN2 group, and 3 coats in XN3 group. After application of the adhesives. a cylinder of resin-based composite was built up on the occlusal surface. Each tooth was sectioned vertically to obtain the 1 x 1 mm² sticks. The microtensile bond strength was determined. Each specimen was observed under SEM to examine the failure mode. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The microtensile bond strength values were: 8M <14.38 ± 2.01 MPa) , LP1 (9.15 ± 1.81 MPa). LP2 04.08 ± 1.75 MPa). LP3 04.06 ± 1.45 MPa) , XN1 03.65 ± 1.95 MPa). XN2 03.98 ± 1.60 MPa). XN3 (13.88 ± 1.66 MPa). LP1 was significantly lower than the other groups in bond strength (p <0.05). All groups except LPI were not significantly different in bond strength (p ) 0.05). 2. In LPI. there were a higher number of specimens showing adhesive failure. Most specimens of all groups except LPI showed mixed failure.

3차원 접촉식 측정기구의 네트웍을 통한 형상 복원에 관한 연구

고덕현,이순걸 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

The authors have realized reconstruction of 3D shape using contacting method with pins and TCP/IP communication. In this paper, the working principal of the mechanism is proposed and tested. A special sensor system is designed as 148 matrix form to measure 3D shape. When contact occurs between pin and the plate of the sensor matrix, the position information of pins is sent to computer and raised height data of the pin is obtained by counter which accumlates encoder signal. So, all datum which contain 3-dimensional coordinate, is transferred using TCP/IP communication. Finally, 3D shape is reconstructured by Web browser of remote computer. The measuring result shows that the proposed mechanism is reliable and promising as a remote measuring device through Internet.

폐경후 여성에서 생화학적 골대사지표 검사의 비교

정윤석,송민경,박덕배,김현만,임영애,곽연식,이득주 대한골대사학회 1995 대한골대사학회지 Vol.2 No.2

酸棗仁이 CT105에 의한 신경세포 상해 및 白鼠의 기억에 미치는 영향

정정욱,박창국,박치상,이소연,윤현덕,신오철 대한본초학회 2005 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

Objective: This study was designed to research whether demonstrate neuroprotective and memory enhancing effects of Z1BU, suggesting its beneficial actions for the treatment of AD. Methods: The present study investigated effects of the dichloromethane extract of Semen Zizyphi Spinosae(ZIBU) on neurotoxicity and reactive oxygen species(ROS) and nitric oxide(NO) formation in PC 12 cell line overexpressed with carboxyl-terminal 105 amino acid peptide fragment of amyloid precursor protein(CT105). In addition, the present study evaluated its radical scavenging activity and effects on acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity. Furthermore, effects on neuronal loss in CAl area and cognitive deficits induced by scopolamine treatment were also evaluated in rats. Result: we found in this study that ZIBU significantly inhibited apoptotic neuronal death induced by CT105 overexpression in PC12 cells, with the IC_(50) value of 23 ㎍/ml. Based on phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopic examinations, ZIBU reversed morphological changes of CT105-expressed PC-12 cells. It was also found that Z1BU significantly induced neurite outgrowth and inhibited formation of ROS and NO.Z1BU scavenged DPPH radicals and inhibited AChE activity. Furthermore, it attenuated memory impairment induced by the injection of scopolamine in rats, based on passive avoidance test. Crystal violet staining of rat brain slices exhibited increase in the viability of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CAI area. Conclusion: these results demonstrate neuroprotective and memory enhancing effects of ZIBU, suggesting its beneficial actions for the treatment of AD.

이차원 LMS 알고리즘의 Systolic Array 구현

박완수,최훈,홍기섭,박봉수,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 2000 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.8 No.1

적응알고리듬의 VLSI 구현에 있어서 파이프라이닝이나 시스토릭과 같은 구조적 설계기법을 이용하여 알고리듬을 변환하는 것은 효과적이다. 알고리듬 변환은 z-변환 영역에서 연산의 규칙성과 반복성을 찾아 이루어 진다. 본 논문에서는 이차원 필터와 계수갱신 시스템을 시스토릭 구조로 설계하여 LMS의 확장 형태인 TDLMS을 STDLMS로 변환한다. 변화된 STDLMS를 이용 이차원 ALE를 Altera사의 Max-PlusII 상에서 구현하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 평가한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 salt-pepper 잡음과 가우시안 잡음에 오염된 화상을 ALE가 개선할 수 있음을 보였다. In VLSI realization of adaptive algorithm. it is necessary and efficient that the algorithm is transformed to structural one suitably using architectural design techniques such as pipelining or systolic array. These transform method use regular and recursive of operation of the algorithm on z-transform domain. In this paper, the TDLMS which is a extended version of LMS is transformed to STDLMS which has systolic array architecture in two dimensional filter and coefficients update system. The transformed STDLMS is applied for realization of two dimensional ALE. And the ALE performances are evaluated by Max-PlusII of Altera Co.. The simulation results show that the ALE enhances image data which were corrupted by salt-pepper noise and Gaussian noise.

웨이블릿 변환과 독립성분분석을 이용한 디지털 워터마킹

차성철,김대성,최훈,손상욱,배현덕 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2004 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.12 No.2

디지털 워터마크는 디지털 자료를 모사로부터 보호하는 방법이다. 그르므로 디지털 워터마크는 파일변환, 컬러변환, 약간의 몽롱화, 압축과 같은 치리에서 뿐 아니라 인쇄, 복사, 스캐닝에 대해서도 강인해야한다. 본 논문은 워터마크 추출을 위한 키 데이터와 독립성분분석을 이용하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 기법에서는 워터마크는 사람의 눈에 덜 민감한 원 영상의 웨이블릿변환 계수에 삽입된다. 그리고 독립성분분석 알고리즘은 서로 확률 분포가 다른 워터마크와 계수를 분리한다. 실험결과 워터마크가 워터마크 영상에서 사람 눈으로 인지할 수 없음을 보였으며, 워터마크 영상으로부터 키 데이터를 이용 영상이 일부 제거된 경우, 잡음이 첨가된 경우, JPEG 압축에서 워터마크의 추출이 가능함을 보였다. A digital watermark is a method to protect digital material from counterfeit. Therefore, it must be robust to withstand any processing, such as file format conversions, color conversions, slight blurring, sharpening color adjustment and compression as well as printing, copying and scanning. This paper proposed a method using key data and ICA algorithm for extraction of watermark. In this Method, we embed the watermark to the wavelet transform coefficients of original image which located in less sensitive subband to human eyes. ICA algorithm separated between watermark and coefficient that differs with probability distribution function each other. The experiment results have shown that the watermark is invisible to human eyes in watermarked image, and it is possible for watermarked image to extract the watermark with key data in various environment, such as removing, mixed noises and JPEG compressions.

농산물 직거래 유통채널별 저해요인 분석과 활성화 방안

Deok-Hyeon Kim,Gil-Seog Park,Su-Young Lee,Seung-Hyun Lee 한국유통과학회 2016 유통과학연구 Vol.14 No.12

Purpose – This paper is for the Analysis on the Hindrance Factors and Activation Scheme by the Type of Distribution Channel in Direct transaction of Agricultural Products. As the distribution structure of agricultural products has become changable, farmers seem to use the type of direct distribution in order to enhance the receiving price. This study aims to explore the hindrance factors and income variation rate in direct transaction of agricultural produces, specifically focusing on the 167 farmers. Research design, data, and methodology - To ascertain the hindrance factors exactly by the type of distribution channel, the managements were classified by four subcategories, that is high sales percentage with shopping malls, SNS, shopping malls and SNS, and off-line direct transaction. Results – As a result of the hypothesis test, hinderance factors in online direct deal activation were found to be in the order of the difficulty in continuous content production, the difficulty in shopping mall operation and maintenance, and the difficulty in card commission problems, and in the order of the difficulties in continuous content production, the difficulty in continuous content production, the difficulty in shopping mall operation and maintenance, and the difficulty in branding for the SNS group. Thus, it can be seen that the difficulty in continuous content production, shopping mall operation and maintenance were found to be the biggest obstacles. In addition, hindering factors in online direct deal activation were found to be in the order of the difficulty in credit card settlement, the difficulty in publicity, and the difficulty in dealing with unsold goods. The group with high sales rate in shopping mall was found to be increased by 23.9% in the gross income compared to the previous year, the group with high SNS sales ratio increased by 56.5%, the group with direct offline transaction increased by 37.1%, among which the group with the highest increase rate of SNS sales ratio was found to be the highest from the rate of increase/decrease of the income, which was statistically significant. Conclusions – It can be suggested that government and local government may provide agricultural management with supporting plan which in turn can activate direct transaction in any possible ways.

Power Signal Inter-harmonics Detection and Estimation Technique Based on Filter-Banks and Adaptive Self-tuning Filter

Hyeon-Deok Bae 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신연구소 2012 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.20 No.1

This paper describe a method that a filter bank and adaptive self-tuning filter to detect and estimate of inter-harmonics of power signals. The proposed method decomposed the input power signal using the filter bank system. The fundamental filter bank is designed to separate the odd and even harmonics to reduce spectral leakage. Adaptive self-tuning filter is used to detect inter-harmonic component and to improve estimation result. The inter-harmonic components are detected from the error signal of the adaptive filter. Computer simulations were performed on synthesized signals to assess the performance of the method.

An OS Platform Independent Architecture of Web-based Teleoperation for mobile robot

Deok-Hyeon Ko,Soon-Geul Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2004 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.8