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Sachse, Carolyn C.,Kim, Young Hye,Agsten, Marianne,Huth, Tobias,Alzheimer, Christian,Kovacs, Dora M.,Kim, Doo Yeon The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2013 The FASEB Journal Vol.27 No.6
<P>BACE1 and presenilin (PS)/γ-secretase play a major role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by regulating amyloid-β peptide generation. We recently showed that these secretases also regulate the processing of voltage-gated sodium channel auxiliary β-subunits and thereby modulate membrane excitability. Here, we report that KCNE1 and KCNE2, auxiliary subunits of voltage-gated potassium channels, undergo sequential cleavage mediated by either α-secretase and PS/γ-secretase or BACE1 and PS/γ-secretase in cells. Elevated α-secretase or BACE1 activities increased C-terminal fragment (CTF) levels of KCNE1 and 2 in human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) and rat neuroblastoma (B104) cells. KCNE-CTFs were then further processed by PS/γ-secretase to KCNE intracellular domains. These KCNE cleavages were specifically blocked by chemical inhibitors of the secretases in the same cell models. We also verified our results in mouse cardiomyocytes and cultured primary neurons. Endogenous KCNE1- and KCNE2-CTF levels increased by 2- to 4-fold on PS/γ-secretase inhibition or BACE1 overexpression in these cells. Furthermore, the elevated BACE1 activity increased KCNE1 processing and shifted KCNE1/KCNQ1 channel activation curve to more positive potentials in HEK cells. KCNE1/KCNQ1 channel is a cardiac potassium channel complex, and the positive shift would lead to a decrease in membrane repolarization during cardiac action potential. Together, these results clearly showed that KCNE1 and KCNE2 cleavages are regulated by BACE1 and PS/γ-secretase activities under physiological conditions. Our results also suggest a functional role of KCNE cleavage in regulating voltage-gated potassium channels.—Sachse, C. C., Kim, Y. H., Agsten, M., Huth, T., Alzheimer, C., Kovacs, D. M., and Kim, D. Y. BACE1 and presenilin/γ-secretase regulate proteolytic processing of KCNE1 and 2, auxiliary subunits of voltage-gated potassium channels.</P>
Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on intramuscular fat content in Hungarian Simmental cattle
Anton, Istvan,Huth, Balazs,Fuller, Imre,Rozsa, Laszlo,Hollo, Gabriella,Zsolnai, Attila Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.9
Objective: To estimate effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on the intramuscular fat content (IMF) of Hungarian Simmental bulls. Methods: Genotypes were determined on high-density Illumina Bovine DNA Chip. After slaughtering of animals, chemical percentage of intramuscular fat was determined from longissimus dorsi muscle. A multi-locus mixed-model was applied for statistical analyses. Results: Analyses revealed four loci (rs43284251, rs109210955, rs41630030, and rs41642251) to be highly associated ($-{\log}_{10}P$>12) with IMF located on chromosome 1, 6, 13, and 17, respectively. The frequency of their minor alleles was 0.426, 0.221, 0.162, and 0.106. Conclusion: The loci above can be useful in selection programs and gives the possibility to assist selection by molecular tools.
Ethnographic Descriptions of Youth Training Environments and Coaching in Brazil
M. Ryan Flett,Michael Huth 한국코칭능력개발원 2014 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.8 No.1
Researchers have developed important theories and understandings of best-practice in many sport science disciplines. This empirical knowledge has informed practitioners and advanced sport performance. However, knowledge is sometimes dependent upon the cultural and social foundations for that sport, population, or topic. Given the lack of research that has been conducted in the area of coaching and athlete development in Brazil, the objective of this study was to explore athlete training, coaching, and facilities in Brazil. Ethnographic notes from four researchers were compiled after five days at an elite club in Rio (Emerson, Fretz, & Shaw, 1995). Grounded analysis (Corbin & Strauss, 2008) was conducted to organize the notes into four thematic categories: Sport Structure and Clubs; Facilities and Athlete Support; Coaching Actions; and Athletes. The sport structure provided athletes from both wealthy and impoverished families with professional coaches and educational opportunities (without cost) by generating revenue from sponsors and membership fees. Facilities did not provide modern sport medicine support and were, at times, unsafe. Coaches were positive, enthusiastic, supportive, calm, friendly, and professional. Feedback was rarely provided during drills, but was blocked into narratives at the beginning and end of each drill. Coaches modified drills, displayed a variety of instructional techniques, and individualized practices. Practices were intense, productive, efficient, and focused on perfect technical execution. Athletes seemed disciplined, motivated, autonomous, athletic, and demonstrated meticulous technique. Specialization in sports was common?though most athletes had early foundations in gymnastics and swimming, and did not specialize in one position until they reached adolescence.
Traffic Engineering Based on Local States in Internet Protocol-Based Radio Access Networks
Barlow David A.,Vassiliou Vasos,Krasser Sven,Owen Henry L.,Grimminger Jochen,Huth Hans-Peter,Sokol Joachim The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.3
The purpose of this research is to develop and evaluate a traffic engineering architecture that uses local state information. This architecture is applied to an Internet protocol radio access network (RAN) that uses multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) and differentiated services to support mobile hosts. We assume mobility support is provided by a protocol such as the hierarchical mobile Internet protocol. The traffic engineering architecture is router based-meaning that routers on the edges of the network make the decisions onto which paths to place admitted traffic. We propose an algorithm that supports the architecture and uses local network state in order to function. The goal of the architecture is to provide an inexpensive and fast method to reduce network congestion while increasing the quality of service (QoS) level when compared to traditional routing and traffic engineering techniques. We use a number of different mobility scenarios and a mix of different types of traffic to evaluate our architecture and algorithm. We use the network simulator ns-2 as the core of our simulation environment. Around this core we built a system of pre-simulation, during simulation, and post-processing software that enabled us to simulate our traffic engineering architecture with only very minimal changes to the core ns-2 software. Our simulation environment supports a number of different mobility scenarios and a mix of different types of traffic to evaluate our architecture and algorithm.