Charlotte Brontë

Margaret Hulmes 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2011 Asian Women Vol.27 No.2

This paper traces the attempt of Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855) to achieve recognition as a woman author in nineteenth century England. Drawing extensively on Bronte’s own works, which are read as a form of self/life writing, it advocates a theory of situated authorship and posits permeable boundaries between the genres of autobiography and fiction. It claims that in her writings from childhood onwards, Charlotte Bronte displayed a fragmented and conflicted subjectivity, constructing herself in the role of Romantic creative genius, regardless of gender, and struggling against contemporary social and religious constraints on women’s role in society. The paper analyses Bronte’s view of genius, noting her fierce ambition, her religious scruples, her dutiful attempts to construct herself as a teacher and the reasons for her eventual success as an author from a feminist perspective, it affirms that writing offers a means of self-creation for a woman marginalized in a patriarchal society. It contends that Charlotte Bronte finally gained recognition as an author through exploiting the creative potential of her own lived experience and speaking in the voice of a female protagonist in Jane Eyre.

The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd-Ag/V-Ni alloy composite membrane

Hulme, J.,Komaki, M.,Nishimura, C.,Gwak, J. Elsevier 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.4

The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd-Ag coated V-Ni composite membranes were investigated by gas permeation technique in the temperature range of 473-673 K at atmospheric pressure. Dense Pd-25Ag layer was sputtered on the V-15Ni alloy film prepared by arc-melting. Hydrogen permeation experiments for as-prepared Pd-Ag/V-Ni composite membrane were carried out with pure hydrogen and different gas mixtures of H<SUB>2</SUB>/CO<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>S. Long-term permeation tests were performed with the mixture feed of 30%-CO<SUB>2</SUB> in H<SUB>2</SUB> and 11 ppm-H<SUB>2</SUB>S in H<SUB>2</SUB>. As the percentage of gas impurity increased, the hydrogen permeability decreased. However, the composite membrane did not suffer irreparable damage when exposed to CO<SUB>2</SUB> and the flux value for pure hydrogen was readily recovered by post-treatment in the permeation system. For the H<SUB>2</SUB>S impurity, the interaction with the membrane surface was significantly different compared to CO<SUB>2</SUB>. Membrane permeability rapidly deteriorated when exposed to a small percentage of H<SUB>2</SUB>S. Nevertheless, the membrane does not seem to be damaged as the permeability was fully recovered by longer post-treatment with pure hydrogen.

Detecting Activated Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFIa) and Inactivated TAFIa (TAFIai) in Normal and Hemophilia A Plasmas

Hulme, John P.,An, Seong Soo A. Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.1

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) also known as plasma procarboxypeptidase B or U is a 60 kD glycoprotein, which is the major modulator of fibrinolysis in plasma. TAFI is a proenzyme, which is activated by proteolytic cleavage to an active carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme (TAFIa, 35.8 kD) by thrombin/thrombomodulin and plasmin. Modulation of fibrinolysis occurs when TAFIa enzymatically removes C-terminal lysine residues of partially degraded fibrin, thereby inhibiting the stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) modulated plasminogen activation. TAFIa undergoes a rapid conformational change at $37{^{\circ}C}$ to an inactive isoform called TAFIai. Potato tuber carboxypetidase inhibitor (PTCI) was shown to specifically bind to TAFIa as well as TAFIai. In this study, a novel immunoassay TAFIa/ai ELISA was used for quantitation of the two TAFI activation isoforms TAFIa and TAFIai. The ELISA utilizes PTCI as the capture agent and a double antibody sandwich technique for the detection. Low levels of TAFIa/ai antigen levels were detected in normal plasma and elevated levels were found in hemophilia A plasmas. TAFIa/ai antigen represents a novel marker to monitor fibrinolysis and TAFIa/ai ELISA may be a valuable assay for studying the role of TAFI in normal hemostasis and in pathological conditions.

The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd–Ag/V–Ni alloy composite membrane

John Hulme,Masao Komaki,Chikashi Nishimura,곽지혜 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.4

The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd―Ag coated V―Ni composite membranes were investigated by gas permeation technique in the temperature range of 473―673 K at atmospheric pressure. Dense Pd―25Ag layer was sputtered on the V―15Ni alloy film prepared by arc-melting. Hydrogen permeation experiments for as-prepared Pd―Ag/V―Ni composite membrane were carried out with pure hydrogen and different gas mixtures of H_2/CO_2 and H_2/H_2S. Long-term permeation tests were performed with the mixture feed of 30%-CO_2 in H_2 and 11 ppm-H_2S in H_2. As the percentage of gas impurity increased, the hydrogen permeability decreased. However, the composite membrane did not suffer irreparable damage when exposed to CO_2 and the flux value for pure hydrogen was readily recovered by post-treatment in the permeation system. For the H_2S impurity, the interaction with the membrane surface was significantly different compared to CO_2. Membrane permeability rapidly deteriorated when exposed to a small percentage of H_2S. Nevertheless, the membrane does not seem to be damaged as the permeability was fully recovered by longer post-treatment with pure hydrogen.

Detecting Activated Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFIa) and Inactivated TAFIa (TAFIai) in Normal and Hemophilia A Plasmas

John P. Hulme,Seong Soo A. An 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.1

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) also known as plasma procarboxypeptidase B or U is a 60 kD glycoprotein, which is the major modulator of fibrinolysis in plasma. TAFI is a proenzyme, which is activated by proteolytic cleavage to an active carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme (TAFIa, 35.8 kD) by thrombin/thrombomodulin and plasmin. Modulation of fibrinolysis occurs when TAFIa enzymatically removes C-terminal lysine residues of partially degraded fibrin, thereby inhibiting the stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) modulated plasminogen activation. TAFIa undergoes a rapid conformational change at 37℃ to an inactive isoform called TAFIai. Potato tuber carboxypetidase inhibitor (PTCI) was shown to specifically bind to TAFIa as well as TAFIai. In this study, a novel immunoassay TAFIa/ai ELISA was used for quantitation of the two TAFI activation isoforms TAFIa and TAFIai. The ELISA utilizes PTCI as the capture agent and a double antibody sandwich technique for the detection. Low levels of TAFIa/ai antigen levels were detected in normal plasma and elevated levels were found in hemophilia A plasmas. TAFIa/ai antigen represents a novel marker to monitor fibrinolysis and TAFIa/ai ELISA may be a valuable assay for studying the role of TAFI in normal hemostasis and in pathological conditions.

Fabrication of a flexible multi-referenced surface plasmon sensor using room temperature nanoimprint lithography

John P. Hulme,Seong Soo A. An,Nicholas Goddard,Yuji Miyahara,Akio Oki 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2

A novel surface plasmon sensing platform has been fabricated in a flexible format. The procedure used to fabricate a grating coupler for SPR excitation combined standard replica molding techniques with room temperature nanoimprint lithography producing a smooth repeating structure 600 nm in width and 10 nm high. In initial tests the platform demonstrated an average signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 100:1 and sensitivity to changes in the bulk refractive index of water with temperature. A novel surface plasmon sensing platform has been fabricated in a flexible format. The procedure used to fabricate a grating coupler for SPR excitation combined standard replica molding techniques with room temperature nanoimprint lithography producing a smooth repeating structure 600 nm in width and 10 nm high. In initial tests the platform demonstrated an average signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 100:1 and sensitivity to changes in the bulk refractive index of water with temperature.

Recent Advances in the Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

John P. Hulme 한국바이오칩학회 2017 BioChip Journal Vol.11 No.2

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 20% of all documented S. aureus infections are attributable to MRSA, although for some developing countries this value can exceed 80%. Thus the rapid and accurate detection of MRSA in low resource settings (LDR) is becoming essential. Yet conventional microbial detection methods take from 1-5 days to identify MRSA. Recently, new types of automated laboratory methods as well as advances in nucleic acid testing, microfluidic technology, immunosensors, biosensors and point of care testing have reduced the time to detection to <1 hr. This review examines the current limitations and advances in methodologies employed in the rapid detection of MRSA.

Analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles binding proteins in rat blood and brain homogenate

Shim, Kyu Hwan,Hulme, John,Maeng, Eun Ho,Kim, Meyoung-Kon,An, Seong Soo A Dove Medical Press 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.9 No.2

<P>Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and electronic products. Nevertheless, limited safety information is available for many NPs, especially in terms of their interactions with various binding proteins, leading to potential toxic effects. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are included in the formulation of new products, such as adhesives, batteries, ceramics, cosmetics, cement, glass, ointments, paints, pigments, and supplementary foods, resulting in increased human exposures to ZnO. Hence, we investigated the potential ZnO nanotoxic pathways by analyzing the adsorbed proteins, called protein corona, from blood and brain from four ZnO NPs, ZnO<SUP>SM20(−)</SUP>, ZnO<SUP>SM20(+)</SUP>, ZnO<SUP>AE100(−)</SUP>, and ZnO<SUP>AE100(+)</SUP>, in order to understand their potential mechanisms in vivo. Through this study, liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy technology was employed to identify all bound proteins. Totals of 52 and 58 plasma proteins were identified as being bound to ZnO<SUP>SM20(−)</SUP> and ZnO<SUP>SM20(+)</SUP>, respectively. For ZnO<SUP>AE100(−)</SUP> and ZnO<SUP>AE100(+)</SUP>, 58 and 44 proteins were bound, respectively. Similar numbers of proteins were adsorbed onto ZnO irrespective of size or surface charge of the nanoparticle. These proteins were further analyzed with ClueGO, a Cytoscape plugin, which provided gene ontology and the biological interaction processes of identified proteins. Interactions between diverse proteins and ZnO nanoparticles could result in an alteration of their functions, conformation, and clearance, eventually affecting many biological processes.</P>

Polyaniline-poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) electrodes coated on plasma-treated thiolene-based polymer substrates for high-efficiency electrochemical capacitors

Kalam, Amir Abul,Hulme, John P.,Bae, Joonho Springer 2017 Polymer bulletin Vol. No.

Extensive Resection for Treatment of Locally Advanced Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Arising From Fistula-in-Ano

Jordan Au,Francis M. Hulme-Moir,Andrew Herd,Mathew A. Kozman 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.S

We report a case of a 66-year-old male who presented with a locally advanced primary mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from a fistula-in-ano. The presentation was typical for perianal sepsis and fistula-in-ano with anal pain and chronic discharge. Initial treatments with fistula debridement and seton were performed. Subsequent review of histology revealed underlying adenocarcinoma, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed local invasion into the prostate. The patient received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by pelvic exenteration to maximize the chance of achieving cure. Features of this case are discussed together with its implications, including treatment guidelines and typical MRI findings.