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Hui Hua Chang,Chen-Hsi Chou,Yen Kuang Yang,I Hui Lee,Po See Chen 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.3
Objective: The multidrug resistance 1 (ABCB1, MDR1) gene, encoding P-glycoprotein, is extensively distributed and expressed in various tissues, such as a blood-brain barrier transporter. P-glycoprotein plays an important role in controlling the passage of substances between the blood and brain. The current study aimed to investigate possible associations of functional ABCB1 polymorphisms (C3435T, G2677T and C1236T) with response to antidepressant treatment and serum cortisol levels in Taiwanese patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: We recruited 112 MDD patients who were randomized to fluoxetine (n=58, mean dose: 21.4±4.5 mg/day) or venlafaxine (n=54, 80.2±34.7 mg/day) treatment for 6 weeks. The 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was administered initially and biweekly after treatment, and cortisol levels were assessed initially and after 6-week antidepressant treatment. Results: The initial HDRS scores and the HDRS scores after six weeks of antidepressant treatment were not significantly different among the different genotypes in each polymorphism of ABCB1. The percentage changes of HDRS scores over time were significantly different in the polymorphisms of ABCB1 G2677T (p=0.002). MDD patients with the G/G genotype of ABCB1 G2677T had a worse antidepressant treatment response. However, the polymorphisms of ABCB1 genotypes were not significantly associated with cortisol levels before and after antidepressant treatment in MDD patients. Conclusion: The results suggested that the variants of ABCB1 may influence the short-term antidepressant response in MDD patients. Further details of the underlying mechanisms of ABCB1 in antidepressant treatment remain to be clarified.
( Hui-ying Low ),( Hsiu-hui Chen ),( Chun-chia Huang ),( Tsung-hsien Lee ),( Chung-i Chen ),( Lii-sheng Huang ),( Maw-sheng Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
Study Question: To evaluate the most ideal interval between blastocyst biopsy and vitrification in preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). Study Design, Size, Duration: This is a retrospective study and total 224 patients underwent the PGS from 2012 Dec. to 2015 Mar. All of patients underwent blastocyst vitrification after biopsy and 1~2 euploid blastocyst for transfer after warming. The primary outcome measures were the implantation and pregnancy rates per PGS-frozen embryo transfer cycle. Materials, Setting, Methods: The blastocyst grading including grade 4, 5 and 6 (according to Gardner grading system) on day 5 or day 6 were selected for trophectoderm biopsy. All blastocyst underwent vitrification immediately (interval: 0.5 hour) or 1 to 7 hours after biopsy. At the time of vitrification the grade of blastocyst expansion was also recorded. All patients were divided into two groups according to the grade of expanded (Group1: ≤1/2 expansion (n=41), Group2: ≥3/4 expansion (n=183)). Furthermore, combined two factors including the interval and morphology of blastocyst after biopsy, all patients were further divided into interval 1 (<3 hours and ≤1/2 expansion) and interval 2 (≥3 hours and ≥3/4 expansion). The morphologically best euploid blastocyst(s) (1~2 embryos) was/were selected first for transfer on the next cycle. Main Results: Assessment morphology of blastocyst after biopsy in different interval, at 0.5 hour after biopsy, 100% blastocyst was non-expansion; at 1 hour after biopsy, only 17% blastocyst was 3/4 expansion or all-expansion; at 3 hours after biopsy, 86% blastocyst was 3/4 expansion or all-expansion and after 5.5 hours, 100% blastocyst was all-expansion or hatching. All blastocysts were survival (100%, 359/359) after warming. The mean of embryo transfer number between all groups were no significantly difference. The implantation rate in Group2 (63.4%) was significantly higher than that in Group1 (46.9%, p=0.014). The pregnancy rates in Group4 (73.8%) was sig-nificantly higher than that in Group1 (51.2%, p=0.004). The implantation and pregnancy rates in the group of embryo ≥3/4 expansion combined with ≥3 hours after biopsy (63.6%, 178/280; 73.8%, 127/172) were significantly higher than that in the group of ≤1/2 expansion with <3 hour (45.6, 26/57; 50.0%, 18/36; p=0.0113 and p=0.0056, respectively). Conclusion: The most ideal interval between biopsy and vitrification was least 3 hours and ≥3/4 expansion of blastocyst after biopsy could improve the implantation and pregnancy rates for PGS.
On the Lobbying Behavior Response to Political Asymmetries in International Economic Integration
( I Hui Cheng ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2003 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.18 No.3
The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of political asymmetries on a FTA and a CU. I have shown that either a higher lobbying sensitivity to the foreign firm or a more susceptibility of politicians to lobbying are sufficient to lead to a higher tariff protection at the individual country level. Under a CU, firms may dislike any form of political dominance in the common trade policy unless politicians do not discriminate against foreign lobbyists significantly. In contrast, under a FTA, if politicians are very susceptible to lobbying, the results appear to be ambiguous.
On the Lobbying Behavior Response to Political Asymmetries in International Economic Integration
Cheung, I-Hui 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2003 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.18 No.3
The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of political asymmetries on a FTA and a CU. I have shown that either a higher lobbying sensitivity to the foreign firm or a more susceptibility of politicians to lobbying are sufficient to lead to a higher tariff protection at the individual country level. Under a CU, firms may dislike any form of political dominance in the common trade policy unless politicians do not discriminate against foreign foreign lobbyists significantly. In contrast, under a FTA, if politicians are very susceptible to lobbying, the results apperar to be ambiguous.
The Potential Roles of Bacterial Communities in Coral Defence: A Case Study at Talang-Talang Reef
Felicity W. I. Kuek,Li-Fang Lim,Lin-Hui Ngu,Aazani Mujahid,Po-Teen Lim,Chui-Pin Leaw,Moritz Müller 한국해양과학기술원 2015 Ocean science journal Vol.50 No.2
Complex microbial communities are known to exert significant influence over coral reef ecosystems. The Talang- Satang National Park is situated off the coast of Sematan and is one of the most diverse ecosystems found off-Sarawak. Interestingly, the Talang-talang reef thrives at above-average temperatures of 28- 30°C throughout the year. Through isolation and identification (16S rRNA) of native microbes from the coral, the surface mucus layer (SML), as well as the surrounding sediment and waters, we were able to determine the species composition and abundance of the culturable bacteria in the coral reef ecosystem. Isolates found attached to the coral are related mostly to Vibrio spp., presumably attached to the mucus from the water column and surrounding sediment. Pathogenic Vibrio spp. and Bacillus spp. were dominant amongst the isolates from the water column and sediment, while known coral pathogens responsible for coral bleaching, Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio shiloi, were isolated from the coral SML and sediment samples respectively. Coral SML isolates were found to be closely related to known nitrogen fixers and antibiotic producers with tolerance towards elevated temperatures and heavy metal contamination, offering a possible explanation why the local corals are able to thrive in higher than usual temperatures. This specialized microbiota may be important for protecting the corals from pathogens by occupying entry niches and/or through the production of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics. The communities from the coral SML were tested against each other at 28, 30 and 32°C, and were also assessed for the presence of type I modular polyketides synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes which are both involved in the production of antibiotic compounds. The bacterial community from the SML exhibited antimicrobial properties under normal temperatures while pathogenic strains appeared toxic at elevated temperatures and our results highlight the role of the coral SML bacterial community in the coral’s defence.