해외 정보 - 신규 원전이 채택하고 있는 휴먼 시스템 인터페이스(HSIs) 기술

Hugo, Jacques,Gertman, David 한국원자력산업회의 2016 원자력산업 Vol.36 No.2

최첨단 휴먼 시스템 인터페이스(Human System Interfaces, HSIs) 기술을 연구 분석하여 설계를 거쳐 채택하는 것이 원전 공학 기술의 중요한 요소 중 하나로 자리를 잡고 있다. 미국 아이다호 국립 에너지안보연구소의 Jacques Hugo와 David Gertman은 기술의 사용 환경, 기술 성숙도, 유용성, 인적 성과가 필요한 직무를 기반으로 한 이 새로운 기술이 원전업계가 선택해야 할 바람직한 방안이라고 제안하고 있다.

SUBNATIONAL DYNAMICS IN NORTH AMERICA: PARADIPLOMACY OF CANADIAN PROVINCES

Víctor Hugo Guzmán Horta(Víctor Hugo Guzmán Horta ) 한국캐나다학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.28 No.2

A QUALITATIVE METHOD TO ESTIMATE HSI DISPLAY COMPLEXITY

Hugo, Jacques,Gertman, David Korean Nuclear Society 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.2

There is mounting evidence that complex computer system displays in control rooms contribute to cognitive complexity and, thus, to the probability of human error. Research shows that reaction time increases and response accuracy decreases as the number of elements in the display screen increase. However, in terms of supporting the control room operator, approaches focusing on addressing display complexity solely in terms of information density and its location and patterning, will fall short of delivering a properly designed interface. This paper argues that information complexity and semantic complexity are mandatory components when considering display complexity and that the addition of these concepts assists in understanding and resolving differences between designers and the preferences and performance of operators. This paper concludes that a number of simplified methods, when combined, can be used to estimate the impact that a particular display may have on the operator's ability to perform a function accurately and effectively. We present a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach and a method for complexity estimation.

千慮與一失: 論錢鍾書《管錐編》對經學典籍的詮釋

Hugo Wai-ho Wong 한국중국학회 2022 중국학보 Vol.100 No.-

Guanzhui Bian is a notable academic collection conducted by Qian Zhong-Shu, but it seems that scholars pay less attention to his interpretation on Confucian Classics, which can be found in the chapters namely “Commentary on the Book of Changes”(Zhouyi Zhengyi), “Commentary on the Book of Songs”(Maoshi Zhengyi), and “Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annal”(Zuozhuan Zhengyi). By acquiring traditional and modern methodological drive, his interpretation and commentaries on Confucian Classics become unique and stylistic in comparison with his contemporaries. In general, his interpretation features in three ways: First, to reframe the boundary of traditional Confucian Classics studies; Second, to provide his refreshed commentaries on Confucian Classics texts in a critical manner; Third, to interpret the Confucian Classics texts from the perspective of so-called “unity of opposites.” On the other hand, there are three fallacies found in his discussion: falsehood, misconception, and over-complexity. Admittedly, his interpretation is twofold: Qian still made a contribution in terms of the interpretation on Confucian Classics texts, which differentiates from the traditional annotations and commentaries, and also benefited the study of Confucian Classics as a whole. However, the cutting edge of Confucian Classics study as a discipline seems to be eliminated. To a certain extent, Confucian Classics texts appear to be just a tool for Qian to express his reading response and personal reflection. 《管錐編》是錢鍾書的學術研究結晶,其中有涉及經學者,主要見於《周易正義》 《毛詩正義》《左傳正義》。此三章體現錢氏對經籍的思辨能力,以及兼採傳統與現代的詮釋 方法。總括《管錐編》對經學典籍的詮釋,大致可以歸結為三點:一,突破傳統經學研究的 界限;二,在批判與疑古的前提下,提出個人對經籍的創見;三,以辯證統一的思維模式解 經。與此同時,《管錐編》的經學論述疑義有三:一,論述似乎忽略實證或歷史文化的一面, 以致若干地方產生誤解;二,立論似有概念不清,尤其誤將經籍原意與後人詮釋相混;三, 解經似乎偏向複雜,尤其以生僻名物及西方思想來解經。平情而論,《管錐編》賦經籍以新 的學術生命,突破傳統的訓詁及義理分析,對經學發展具有不容否定的創新價值;但傳統經 學的界線被消弭,經籍似乎變成錢氏闡發個人學術思想的一個文本,甚至淪為文藝、文化或 哲學的附庸,因而對經學的發展有正反的兩面。

Successful Treatment of a Superficial Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm with Balloon Tamponade

Hugo Laparra-Escareno,Cesar Cuen-Ojeda,Ramon García-Alva,Gabriel Lopez-Pena,Javier E. Anaya-Ayala,Carlos A. Hinojosa 대한혈관외과학회 2019 Vascular Specialist International Vol.35 No.3

The development of post-catheterization arterial pseudoaneurysms is one of the most common vascular access complications following angiographies and endovascular interventions. Different therapeutic options to treat these lesions have been used. We herein report the case of a 79-year-old woman who was referred to our service for evaluation with a post-catheterization superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysm measuring 4 cm. Owing to the anatomical location of the arterial pseudoaneurysm and the patient’s refusal to undergo open surgery, we treated the lesion using an endovascular approach with a balloon tamponade. The procedure was successful, and the patient recovered well and was discharged from the hospital without complications. At 6-month follow-up she remained symptom-free and without recurrence.

A Method to Select Humane-System Interfaces for Nuclear Power Plants

Hugo, Jacques V.,Gertman, David I. Korean Nuclear Society 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

The new generation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) will likely make use of state-of-the-art technologies in many areas of the plant. The analysis, design, and selection of advanced human-system interfaces (HSIs) constitute an important part of power plant engineering. Designers need to consider the new capabilities afforded by these technologies in the context of current regulations and new operational concepts, which is why they need a more rigorous method by which to plan the introduction of advanced HSIs in NPP work areas. Much of current human factors research stops at the user interface and fails to provide a definitive process for integration of end user devices with instrumentation and control and operational concepts. The current lack of a clear definition of HSI technology, including the process for integration, makes characterization and implementation of new and advanced HSIs difficult. This paper describes how new design concepts in the nuclear industry can be analyzed and how HSI technologies associated with new industrial processes might be considered. It also describes a basis for an understanding of human as well as technology characteristics that could be incorporated into a prioritization scheme for technology selection and deployment plans.

Stainless Steel Bonded to Concrete: An Experimental Assessment using the DIC Technique

Hugo Biscaia,Noel Franco,Carlos Chastre 한국콘크리트학회 2018 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.12 No.1

The durability performance of stainless steel makes it an interesting alternative for the structural strengthening of reinforced concrete. Like external steel plates or fibre reinforced polymers, stainless steel can be applied using externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) or the near surface mounted (NSM) bonding techniques. In the present work, a set of single-lap shear tests were carried out using the EBR and NSM bonding techniques. The evaluation of the performance of the bonding interfaces was done with the help of the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The tests showed that the measurements gathered with DIC should be used with caution, since there is noise in the distribution of the slips and only the slips greater than one-tenth of a millimetre were fairly well predicted. For this reason, the slips had to be smoothed out to make it easier to determine the strains in the stainless steel and the bond stress transfer between materials, which helps to determine the bond–slip relationship of the interface. Moreover, the DIC technique allowed to identify all the states developed within the interface through the load–slip responses which were also closely predicted with other monitoring devices. Considering the NSM and the EBR samples with the same bonded lengths, it can be stated that the NSM system has the best performance due to their higher strength, being observed the rupture of the stainless steel in the samples with bond lengths of 200 and 300 mm. Associated with this higher strength, the NSM specimens had an effective bond length of 168 mm which is 71.5% of that obtained for the EBR specimens (235 mm). A trapezoidal and a power functions are the proposed shapes to describe the interfacial bond–slip relationships of the NSM and EBR systems, respectively, where the maximum bond stress in the former system is 1.8 times the maximum bond stress of the latter one.

明末科舉與在野文人的互動──以金聖歎及其交遊為案例

Hugo Wai-ho Wong 한국중국학회 2019 中國學報 Vol.87 No.-

Throughout the Ming dynasty, the imperial court selected the literates by testing their abilities of the knowledge, annotation and interpretation on the classical works, through the Examination Essays Sections in the imperial examination. However, the essay writing section per se, during late Ming dynasty in particular, is unable to align with the original objective of the examination, i.e. to select the suitable calibres from the examination candidates. It is very common that the examinees strived to write the mechanical works as well as strange and brutal essays, which are generally difficult to be understood, during the examination. In addition, a hundred and thousands of literates took the imperial examination because the society places an extremely high value on the imperial examination. Another reason for them to indulge in the imperial examination is their thirst to be renowned as “elite” in the hierarchical ladder within the traditional Chinese society. Generally speaking, the literati can be catagorized into two different statuses in accord to their qualification in the examination system, and the cutting edge is whether they can obtain the “Juren” degree. For those who passed the examinations can be identified as “elite” in the social hierarchical ladder, because they have qualified a “license” to be civil servant. Whereas those who failed will be labeled as “general public”. In other words, taking the imperial examination and passing the Examination Essay Section are the only way-out in their career path for the literates to be upgraded as the “elite” in the social hierarchical ladder during the late Ming dynasty. As a result, the literates attempt to be the “elite” so as to be distinguished from the “general public” because it helps them to gain recognitions and reputations in terms of social status and self-esteem. In fact, majority of the examinees still get failed in the exams constantly for many years, who also feel exhausted and desperate under the continuous examinations. Thus, these literati can be labelled as “general public” or so-called “literates without honours”. JIN Shengtan as a typical example of “literates without honours”, he did attend the examinations many times in his early age. This paper attempts to take JIN as a case study and illustration in order to shed light on the relationship between imperial examination and “literates without honours” in the late Ming Dynasty. Besides, an analysis on JIN’s behavior and psychological struggles associated with the imperial examination will be discussed. To summarize, the paper tries to illustrate how the imperial examination influences the “literates without honours” in many different aspects, and to depict the full picture of literates’ activities under the examinations, as well as the social network in the early age of JIN Shengtan. 明代專以科舉取士,試以制義,旨在評騭士人書卷、辭理,以及闡發聖賢經傳本義的實力。迨至明末,制義趨於程文化及險僻怪戾,已與原意背道而馳。然而,不少士人依舊接受科舉制義的桎梏。究其原因,一方面,明代社會普遍推崇科舉,當時社會群體因而給予士人無形的壓力;另一方面,科舉制度本身將士人二分,考取舉人以上則擠身於官僚階級,是為在位,否則為在野。科舉制義幾乎成了士人擠身官僚階級的唯一通道,明末士人便希望考取科舉,以便得到社會身份的認同與自我價值的肯定。如是者,當時不少士人蠭然應舉,卻又屢試不第,厭倦科場,最終淪為在野文人。金聖歎(1608-1661)無疑是其中一個典型。金氏早歲多次應舉,甚至對於“生員”資格,竟然有補而旋棄,棄而旋補的反常行為,最終仍為一介生員。期間更與一些名不見經傳的在野文人交往。本文剖析金氏的應舉行為及其背後的複雜心理,並從金氏的交遊圈,開列當時其他在野文人的具體名單,以期達到以下三個目的:一,論證明末科舉對在野文人的影響;二,窺探明末科舉下在野文人的實際面貌;三,補苴金聖歎早期身世及交遊方面的研究空白。

Comparative Analysis of EIA System between Paraguay and South Korea

Hugo Cesar Martinez,홍상표 한국환경영향평가학회 2011 환경영향평가 Vol.20 No.6

파라과이와 한국의 환경영향평가에 관련된 제도와 법률은 환경영향평가 대상사업, 실행방법 및사후감시 등에서 상이하다. 양국의 환경영향평가 제도 중에는 전혀 관련 없는 것도 있는데, 경제적,사회적, 문화적, 역사적 그리고 지연조건이 상이하여 양국의 환경영향평가 제도에 영향을 주는 것으로 분석된다. 파라과이에서는 스코핑이 Term of References (TOR)가 준비되는 단계이다. TOR은환경부에 의해 준비된 특정의 환경영향평가의 요구조건을 포함한다. 파라과이에서는 스코핑 단계에서 환경부의 주도로 주민참여가 진행된다. Environmental Impact Relatorio (RIMA)가 개발사업으로 인해 영향을 받는 지역사회에 시행되고, 간결하고 이해하기 쉬운 표현으로 작성된다. 파라과이에서는 EIS가 승인되기 전에 RIMA를 지역사회에 공개한다.

Magnitude of beam-hardening artifacts produced by gutta-percha and metal posts on conebeam computed tomography with varying tube current

Hugo Gaêta-Araujo,Eduarda Helena Leandro Nascimento,Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele,Arthur Xavier Maseti Mancini,Deborah Queiroz Freitas,Christiano Oliveira-Santos 대한영상치의학회 2020 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.50 No.1

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the magnitude of artifacts produced by gutta-percha and metal posts on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained with different tube currents and with or without metal artifact reduction (MAR). Materials and Methods: A tooth was inserted in a dry human mandible socket, and CBCT scans were acquired after root canal instrumentation, root canal filling, and metal post placement with various tube currents with and without MAR activation. The artifact magnitude was assessed by the standard deviation (SD) of gray values and the contrastto- noise ratio (CNR) at the various distances from the tooth. Data were compared using multi-way analysis of variance. Results: At all distances, a current of 4 mA was associated with a higher SD and a lower CNR than 8 mA or 10 mA (P<0.05). For the metal posts without MAR, the artifact magnitude as assessed by SD was greatest at 1.5 cm or less (P<0.05). When MAR was applied, SD values for distances 1.5 cm or closer to the tooth were reduced (P<0.05). MAR usage did not influence the magnitude of artifacts in the control and gutta-percha groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Increasing the tube current from 4 mA to 8 mA may reduce the magnitude of artifacts from metal posts. The magnitude of artifacts arising from metal posts was significantly higher at distances of 1.5 cm or less than at greater distances. MAR usage improved image quality near the metal post, but had no significant influence farther than 1.5 cm from the tooth.