Mitochondrial OXPHOS genes provides insights into genetics basis of hypoxia adaptation in anchialine cave shrimps

Huayun Guo,Hao Yang,Yitao Tao,Dan Tang,Qiong Wu,Zhengfei Wang,Bo-Ping Tang 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.11

Cave shrimps from the genera Typhlatya, Stygiocaris and Typhlopatsa (TST complex) comprises twenty cave-adapted taxa, which mainly occur in the anchialine environment. Anchialine habitats may undergo drastic environmental fluctuations, including spatial and temporal changes in salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen content. Previous studies of crustaceans from anchialine caves suggest that they have possessed morphological, behavioral, and physiological adaptations to cope with the extreme conditions, similar to other cave-dwelling crustaceans. However, the genetic basis has not been thoroughly explored in crustaceans from anchialine habitats, which can experience hypoxic regimes. To test whether the TST shrimpcomplex hypoxia adaptations matched adaptive evolution of mitochondrial OXPHOS genes. The 13 OXPHOS genes from mitochondrial genomes of 98 shrimps and 1 outgroup were examined. For each of these genes was investigated and compared to orthologous sequences using both gene (i.e. branch-site and Datamonkey) and protein (i.e. TreeSAAP) level approaches. Positive selection was detected in 11 of the 13 candidate genes, and the radical amino acid changes sites scattered throughout the entire TST complex phylogeny. Additionally, a series of parallel/convergent amino acid substitutions were identified in mitochondrial OXPHOS genes of TST complex shrimps, which reflect functional convergence or similar genetic mechanisms of cave adaptation. The extensive occurrence of positive selection is suggestive of their essential role in adaptation to hypoxic anchialine environment, and further implying that TST complex shrimps might have acquired a finely capacity for energy metabolism. These results provided some new insights into the genetic basis of anchialine hypoxia adaptation.

Research on the Monitoring and Warning Mechanism about Operation of Funds in Universities of China

Zhai Huayun,Zheng Jun 한국경영교육학회 2011 한국경영교육학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.12

Based on domestic and international early warning indicator system of funds security of universities, it is established the evaluation indicator system of funds security of universities in China from the micro level and the meso level of social, political and economic environments, and it is established the monitoring and warning mechanism about operation of funds in universities of China. Finally, it is analyzed the status of operation of funds in universities of China.

The Impact of Specialized Environmental Courts on Corporate Risk-Taking: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in China

Kam C. Chan,Huayun Zhai,Qingzhuo Liu,Kemei Liu 한국증권학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.49 No.1

We examine the impact of having specialized environmental courts (SPECs) on corporate risk-taking in China. SPECs allow judges and prosecutors to develop environmental expertise and are accountable for environmental violations. Thus, SPECs effectively enforce environmental regulations. Our findings suggest that when a firm is located in an SPEC jurisdiction, it engages in less corporate risk-taking than an otherwise equivalent firm located in a non- SPEC jurisdiction. The results are more pronounced for firms that receive large government environmental subsidies and that are state-owned. Additional analysis suggests that firms make more environmental investments when located in an SPEC jurisdiction.

Zirconium-functionalized loofah biocomposite for adsorption catechol and amoxicillin

Wang Junli,Liu Xu,Han Huayun,Han Runping 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.8

Cheap and green loofah as the substrate material was modified with epichlorohydrin and iminodiacetic acid (IDA) to obtain iminodiacetic acid-modified loofah (IDA-LG), and loaded zirconium (IV) onto IDA-LG by a simple complexation reaction to obtain novel biocomposite: zirconium-modified loofah (Zr-IDA-LG). The influence factors and adsorption mechanisms were explored by characterization and adsorption study toward catechol and amoxicillin in batch and fixed-bed modes. The study found that the surface morphology, specific surface area and internal functional groups of the adsorbent changed significantly, the isoelectric point of Zr-IDA-LG was shifted in the acidic direction (2.68 for Zr-IDA-LG) after the modification. This showed that modification of the loofah was successful. The adsorption of catechol and amoxicillin by Zr-IDA-LG showed that the pH range of the material was wide, and the coexisting ions had adverse effects on adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zr-IDA-LG from Langmuir model was 44.9±11.2 mg·g−1 for catechol and 16.8±;1.2 mg·g−1 for amoxicillin at 293 K. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic model of Zr-IDA-LG manifested that the adsorption process was dominated by monomolecular layer adsorption for catechol and monomolecular layer adsorption for amoxicillin with the presence of heterogeneous adsorption. Both adsorption processes were accompanied by ion exchange. The higher column and lower flow velocity were favorable for the fixed bed adsorption, while the Yan model could fit the fixed bed adsorption behavior. The adsorption quantity in column performance from breakthrough curves was to 20.0 mg·g−1 for catechol and 15.8 mg·g−1 for amoxicillin. Regeneration with 75% ethanol of spent Zr-IDA-LG was remarkable. The biocomposite is promising for removing some pollutants from water.

Comparative transcriptome analysis in the hepatopancreas of Helice tientsinensis exposed to the toxic metal cadmium

Zhengfei Wang,Dan Tang,Linxia Sun,Xueling Shi,Ruobing Liu,Huayun Guo,Bo-Ping Tang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.4

Background The mudflat crab Helice tientsinensis is one of the most commercially valuable species for crabmeat production due to its delicious taste. These crabs are mainly found in coastal wetland where they are seriously threatened by toxic heavy metal pollution. In crustaceans, the hepatopancreas is an important organ for detoxification, and metal toxic substances can be converted to non-toxic or less toxic compounds in this organ. Objective To develop a better understanding of the molecular response of H. tientsinensis to the toxic metal cadmium (Cd) and provide a molecular basis for the toxic metal tolerance of H. tientsinensis. Methods In this study, we performed comparative hepatopancreas transcriptome analysis between H. tientsinensis unexposed (as control) and exposed to the toxic metal Cd for 48 h. Results We identified 1089 Cd stress significantly-upregulated and 1560 Cd stress significantly-downregulated unigenes. Functional categorization and annotation of these differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) demonstrated that the response to Cd stress in the hepatopancreas of H. tientsinensis mainly involves “antioxidant activity”, “detoxification”, “toxin degradation activity” and “immune system process”. In addition, five genes (ABCC1, NDUFAF5, ASTL, DES1, CYP27A) were identified as possible major targets for toxic metal tolerance. Conclusion This is the first time reporting that the response of H. tientsinensis to Cd exposure at the transcriptome level, and it lays the foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the response of H. tientsinensis to environmental toxic metal stress.

Prevalence of Drug Resistance-Associated Gene Mutations in Plasmodium vivax in Central China

Feng Lu,Bo Wang,Jun Cao,Jetsumon Sattabongkot,Huayun Zhou,Kwonkee Kim,Qi Gao,Eun-Taek Han 대한기생충학열대의학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.50 No.4

Resistance of Plasmodium spp. to anti-malarial drugs is the primary obstacle in the fight against malaria, and molecular markers for the drug resistance have been applied as an adjunct in the surveillance of the resistance. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of mutations in pvmdr1, pvcrt-o, pvdhfr, and pvdhps genes in temperate-zone P. vivax parasites from central China. A total of 26 isolates were selected, including 8 which were previously shown to have a lower susceptibility to chloroquine in vitro. For pvmdr1, pvcrt-o, and pvdhps genes, no resistance-conferring mutations were discovered. However, a highly prevalent (69.2%), single-point mutation (S117N) was found in pvdhfr gene. In addition, tandem repeat polymorphisms existed in pvdhfr and pvdhps genes, which warranted further studies in relation to the parasite resistance to antifolate drugs. The study further suggests that P. vivax populations in central China may still be relatively susceptible to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.

<i>Plasmodium ovale curtisi</i> and <i>Plasmodium ovale wallikeri</i> in Chinese travelers: Prevalence of novel genotypes of circumsporozoite protein in the African continent

Lu, Feng,Ahmed, Md Atique,Xu, Simin,Xu, Sui,Han, Jin-Hee,Liu, Qianyan,Chen, Jing,Zhu, Guoding,Zhou, Huayun,Cao, Jun,Han, Eun-Taek ELSEVIER 2019 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.70 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Imported malaria due to <I>Plasmodium ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> infections from African countries has increased recently (2011–2014) in Chinese travelers. We report novel genotypes, their prevalence and the predominant haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> circumsporozoite protein (CSP) from 20 African countries in Chinese travelers. These genotypes should be considered while designing a CSP-based vaccine against <I>P</I>. <I>ovale</I> malaria.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This is the first to report the <I>csp</I> genotypes and their heterogeneity for <I>P. ovale curtisi</I> and <I>P. ovale wallikeri</I> parasites from African countries. </LI> <LI> Ten <I>csp</I> genotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and 13 <I>csp</I> genotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> based on the arrangement of central repeat motifs were found. </LI> <LI> Fifteen <I>csp</I> haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale curtisi</I> and 10 <I>csp</I> haplotypes of <I>P</I>. <I>ovale wallikeri</I> on central repeat motifs were identified. </LI> <LI> These genotypes should be considered while designing a CSP-based vaccine against <I>P</I>. <I>ovale</I> malaria. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fabrication of a water-retaining, slow-release fertilizer based on nanocomposite double-network hydrogels via ion-crosslinking and free radical polymerization

Yanmin Shen,He Wang,Zijun Liu,Weikun Li,Yuhua Liu,Jingjing Li,Hong-Liang Wei,Huayun Han 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.93 No.-

A new type of water-retaining, slow-release fertilizer (WSF) based on double-network hydrogels wasfabricated via the ion-crosslinking of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the free radical polymeriza-tion of polymerizable β-cyclodextrin (MAH-CD), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDA), acrylamide(AM), and acrylic acid (AA) with urea-loaded halloysite as an additive. The effects of the AM to AAmonomer ratio, the halloysite content, the AlCl3 content and the MAH-CD content on the swelling ratiowere studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to characterize the structure and properties of the WSF. The swelling behavior and water retention capacity of the fertilizer were investigated using a classicgravimetric method. The experimental results indicated that the presence of halloysite nanotubes clearlyadjusted the swelling and release properties of the WSF. Kinetic modeling indicated that the swellingmechanism and slow release behavior were consistent with a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Form theconsiderations of its properties and raw materials, the fertilizer developed here has a good prospect ofapplication and extension.