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The role of microneedle patch test in the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis
( Howard Chu ),( Ji Hye Kim ),( Seo Hyeong Kim ),( Hyeran Kim ),( Min Kyung Lee ),( Chang Ook Park ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease well-known to be associated with sensitization to housedust mite, and atopy patch test has been used evaluate the elicitation of atopic skin reactions. Microneedle patches allow the increased penetration of allergens with constant and controlled depth and amount. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the microneedle patch test in the diagnosis of sensitization to housedust mite in AD Methods: Atopic patch tests were performed by using Dermatophagoides farinae(D. farinae)-loaded microneedle patch and Finn chamber patch test in patients with AD, allergic rhinitis and normal subjects, and the results were compared and analyzed Results: No significant difference was observed between the positivity rate of microneedle patch and finn chamber patch in patients with AD. The positivity rate was significantly lower in patients with allergic rhinitis. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion: Microneedle patch may be a useful tool for atopy patch test confirming the elicitation of skin reactions after the exposure to housedust mite in AD. The amount of D. farinae required in microneedle patch is less than the amount used in Finn chamber, in which microneedle patch can be suggested as more efficient method for atopy patch test.
Clinical significance of animal dander in Korean atopic dermatitis patients
( Howard Chu ),( Min Kyung Lee ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ),( Chang Ook Park ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by sensitization to allergens. Increased specific IgE to animal dander is commonly found in AD patients, yet a thorough analysis of its clinical significance is lacking. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of AD patients sensitized to animal dander, and evaluate the clinical characteristics of these patients Methods: Of the patients diagnosed with AD at Dermatology Clinic, Severance Hospital, CAP immunoassay was performed to evaluate the sensitization to cat and dog. Patients’ age, sex, allergic comorbidities were obtained from the medical chart. The severity was assessed by EASI scores. Results: The mean age of the patients was 21.72. Those sensitized to cat were found to have a significantly higher total IgE (2371.68 and 1018.46 kU/L, p<0.01) and higher sensitization to Dermatophagoides farinae than those not sensitized (4.67 and 34.73 kU/L, p<0.01). Those sensitized to cat were found to have higher EASI scores than those not sensitized, although the difference was not significant. The number of allergic comorbidities, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma, were found to be higher in those sensitized to cat. Conclusion: Although the sensitization rate of cat is not as high as to housedust mite, it is associated with increased total IgE and increased severity, with higher number of allergic comorbidities. With increasing number of pets, the presence of these sensitizations should also be evaluated.
Clinical Diversity of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review of 5,000 Patients at a Single Institute
Howard Chu,신정우,박창욱,이혜민,이정수,이광훈 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.2
Purpose: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous dermatitis that has a high prevalence and diverse clinical features. Although several hypotheses about its multifactorial pathogenesis have been suggested, the cause is not yet fully understood. A better understanding of the clinical features may helpful inelucidating the pathogenesis of AD. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the questionnaires, medical charts, and laboratory examination results of 5,000 patients diagnosed with AD at a single tertiary hospital in Korea. Results: The demographics, allergic comorbidities, family history, severity, and treatment experiences of the patients were analyzed. Most of the patients were adults, 76.3% of whom were classified as havingan extrinsic type of AD. The mean eczema area and severity index (EASI) score was found to be 13.68, and adult patients were found to have higher severity than the other age groups. The anatomical involvements were different among the age groups, with more involvements of the head and neck in adults. The patients reported seasonal changes and stress as the factors that aggravated their symptoms the most. Topical steroids and oral cyclosporine were the most used medications at our clinic, whereas 10.1% of the patients underwent allergen-specific immunotherapy. Conclusions: This analysis of 5,000 patients would lead to a better understanding of various subtypes and diverse clinical features of AD in Koreans. Distinct characteristics were observed among different age groups; thus, treatment strategies may need to be differentiated accordingly.
( Howard Chu ),( Jung U Shin ),( Ji Yeon Noh ),( Seo Hyung Kim ),( Nara Lee ),( Jin Shan ),( Hemin Lee ),( Jungsoo Lee ),( Chang Ook Park ),( Ju Hee Lee ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: Early onset of childhood eczema, more severe eczema, and family history of atopic diseases are factors contributing to the development of allergic march. In childhood, barrier defect and immune dysregulation involving thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are contributors in the development of allergic march. However, the characterization of allergic march patients who retain AD beyond childhood was never fully explored. Objectives: We aimed to compare the serum and T cells of AD patients who developed allergic march and who did not. Methods: 2-D Difference Gel Electrophoresis(2D-DIGE) analysis was performed for serum proteins and TMT labeled quantitative proteomics for T cell. Results: In serum proteome analysis, 11 proteins including exophilin 5 and Zinc finger protein 443 were upregulatedand 17 proteins including Zinc alpha 2-glycoprotein were downregulated in allergic march developed AD patients. Among the Gaussian fit 95% over proteins, 8 proteins were downregulated and 64 proteins were upregulated in T cell of allergic march developed AD patients. Among upregulated proteins, 12 proteins including vacuolar protein sorting associated protein 4A, Ras GTPase- activating protein 1, ADP/ATP translocase 3, protein THEM6, Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein were increased more in allergic march developed AD patients than AD only patients. Conclusion: The biomarker to predict allergic march has not been found yet, and these proteins could be the candidates of novel allergic march biomarkers
( Howard Chu ),( Ji Hye Kim ),( Seo Hyeong Kim ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ),( Chang Ook Park ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2
Background: Red face syndrome is a chronic symptom seen in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), which can be a therapeutic challenge. Studies have suggested the possibility of involvement of Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) in the pathogenesis, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Objectives: To identify the immune reactions induced by M. furfur and the association with barrier disruption in the development of red face syndrome in AD . Methods: Keratinocytes were co-cultured with M. furfur and treated with IL-4 and the expressions of VEGF and VEGFR were analyzed. Staphylococcus epidermidis was also co-cultured as control. The same procedures were performed with endothelial cells and the expressions of VEGFR, TFG-β, and TNF-α were analyzed. To observe the inhibitory effect of ceramide, M. furfur was cultured after treatment with ceramide. Results: The expressions of VEGF, VEGFR, IL-31, and IL-33 were highest in keratinocytes co-cultured with M. furfur and treated with IL-4. For endothelial cells, the expressions of VEGFR, TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-1β were also highest when co-cultured with M. furfur and treated with IL-4. The growth of M. furfur was inhibited when cultured in media treated with ceramide. Conclusion: M. furfur has a crucial role of inducing red face syndrome in AD under the circumstances of Th2 milieu and barrier disruption that cause the increase of VEGF, TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-1β which induce inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling.
Effect of compression on the response of a magneto-rheological suspension
Howard See,Steven Mackenzie,Boon Teck Chua 한국유변학회 2006 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.18 No.3
A carbonyl iron-based magneto-rheological suspension was compressed in the direction of the applied magnetic field and the change in rheological properties was measured. It was found that the compression did not have a large effect on the magneto-rheological response, which is in contrast to recent reports in the literature describing an almost order of magnitude increase in the shear yield stress. The difference can be attributed to the latter test's use of a sliding wedge apparatus which imparts considerable shearing to the sample during the compression.
On Exceptional Case Marking Constructions
Howard Lasnik 한국어학회 2003 한국어학 Vol.18 No.-
"예외적 격표시(ECM)가 어떤 환경에서 허가되는가?" 하는 것은 오래된 문제이지만 지금도 여전히 중대하고 어려운 문제이다. 그 해답에 있어서 초기 연구에서의 통찰이 유망한 방향을 제시한다. 본고에서는 시제(tense)가 예외적 격표시(ECM) 및 예외적 격표시와 통제(control)간의 구별에 관련된다는 Brecht의 통찰과, 이러한 통찰에 대해 지배-결속 체계의 관점에서 독립적으로 진술한 Stowell에 주목한다. 과거의 연구에 대한 주의 깊은 고려는 미래로 나아가는 방법에 있어서 좋은 지침이 될 수 있다.