Clinical Significance of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 and Integrin αvβ6 Expression in Breast Cancer

Hongshan Huang,Mengci Yuan,Shuang-Ling Wu,Jinling Ba,Xinmiao Yu,Xiaoyun Mao,Feng Jin 한국유방암학회 2020 Journal of breast cancer Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and integrin αvβ6 play important roles in the malignant progression of multiple cancers. However, it remains unclear whether the expression of one or both proteins in breast cancer (BC) is of clinical significance. In this study, we investigated the expression of CXCR4 and integrin αvβ6 in BC tissues and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, including survival. Methods: CXCR4 and αvβ6 expression in 111 BC tissues was examined by immunocytochemistry. Correlations between the expression of the 2 proteins and patient clinicopathological characteristic were investigated using the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: CXCR4 and αvβ6 were overexpressed in BC tissue compared with normal breast tissue. Overexpression of both molecules was related to lymph node status (p = 0.013 and p = 0.022, respectively). αvβ6 overexpression was also associated with tumor size (p = 0.044). A positive correlation was detected between the expression of CXCR4 and αvβ6 (r = 0.649, p = 0.001), and co-overexpression of both molecules was associated with tumor size (p = 0.018) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.015). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that overexpression of CXCR4, αvβ6, or both molecules was associated with short overall survival (OS; p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively) and disease-free survival (DFS; p < 0.001, p = 0.005, and p = 0.019, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that lymph node metastasis was an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable OS and DFS (p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively), whereas co-overexpression of CXCR4 and αvβ6 was an independent prognostic factor only for OS (p = 0.043). Conclusion: CXCR4 and αvβ6 may play synergistic roles in the progression of BC, and co-targeting of CXCR4 and αvβ6 could be a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of BC

A Workload-aware Resources Scheduling Method for Virtual Machine

Hongshan Qu,Xiaodong Liu,Huating Xu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.1

Virtualization-based cloud computing platforms allow multiple virtual machines (VMs) running on the same physical machine. Efficient allocation of limited underlying resources has been a key issue. In order to improve the CPU resources utilization, this paper presents a workload-aware CPU resources scheduling method (WARS). WARS uses the allocated credits and consumed credits to diagnose the CPU resources requirements of VMs and dynamically adjusts CPU resources according to the requirements of VMs. The adjustment of CPU resources is converted into increased or decreased weights of VMs. The implementation of WARS is confined to the VMM layer, without VM dependency. Our evaluation shows that WARS can improve the overall utilization of CPU resources.

Purification and Characterization of $Ginsenoside-{\beta}-Glucosidase$

Yu Hongshan,Ma Xiaoqun,Guo Yong,Jin Fengxie The Korean Society of Ginseng 1999 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.23 No.1

In this paper, the saponin enzymatic hydrolysis of ginsenoside Rg3 was studied. The $ginsenoside-{\beta}-glucosidase$ from FFCDL-48 strain mainly hydrolyzed the ginsenoside Rg3 to Rh2, the enzyme from FFCDL-00 strain hydrolyzed Rg3 to the mixture of Rh2 and protopanaxadiol (aglycon). The $ginsenoside-{\beta}-glucosidase$ from FFCDL-48 strain was purified with a column of DEAE-Cellulose to one spot in the SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. During the purification, the enzyme specific acitvity was increased about 10 times. The purified $ginsenoside-{\beta}-glucosidase$ can hydrolyze the Rg3 to Rh2, but do not hydrolyze the $p-nitrophenyl-{\beta}-glucoside$ which is a substrate of original exocellulase such as ${\beta}-glucosidase$ of cellulose. The molecular weight of $ginsenoside-{\beta}-glucosidase$ was 34,000, the optimal temperature of enzyme reaction was $50^{\circ}C,$ and the optimal pH was 5.0.

Mucilaginibacter composti sp. nov., with Ginsenoside Converting Activity, Isolated from Compost

CUICHANGHAO,최태은,Hongshan Yu,Fengxie Jin,이성택,김선창,임완택 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.3

The Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod shaped bacterial strain designated TR6-03^T was isolated from compost, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain TR6-03^T grew at 4-42°C and at pH 6.0-8.0 on R2A and nutrient agar without NaCl supplement. Strain TR6-03^T had β-glucosidase activity, which was responsible for its ability to transform ginsenoside Re (one of the dominant active components of ginseng) to Rg_2. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain TR6-03^T was shown to belong to the family Sphingobacteriaceae and to be related to Mucilaginibacter lappiensis ANJLI2^T (96.3% sequence similarity), M. dorajii FR-f4^T (96.1%),and M. rigui WPCB133^T (94.1%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 45.6%. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C_(16:1) ω7c and/or iso-C_(15:0) 2OH), iso-C_(15:0) and iso-C_(17:0) 3OH. DNA and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain TR6-03^T to the genus Mucilaginibacter. Strain TR6-03^T could be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the recognized species of the genus Mucilaginibacter. The isolate therefore represents a novel species,for which the name Mucilaginibacter composti sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain TR6-03^T (=KACC 14956^T =KCTC 12642^T =LMG 23497^T).

Icaritin Preparation from Icariin by a Special Epimedium Flavonoid-Glycosidase from Aspergillus sp.y848 Strain

( Zhenghao Wang ),( Chunying Liu ),( Hongshan Yu ),( Bo Wu ),( Baoyu Huai ),( Ziyu Zhuang ),( Changkai Sun ),( Longquan Xu ),( Fengxie Jin ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.4

In this study, to obtain icaritin with high pharmacological activities from icariin, which has a content ratio of over 58% in the total flavonoids of Epimedium herb, a special Epimedium flavonoid-glycosidase was produced, purified and characterized from Aspergillus sp.y848 strain. The optimal enzyme production was gained in a medium containing 5% (w/v) wheat bran extract and 0.7% (w/v) Epimedium leaf powder as the enzyme inducer, and strain culture at 30℃ for 6-7 days. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 73.2 kDa; the optimal pH and temperature were 5.0 and 40°C. The enzyme Km and Vmax values for icariin were 15.63 mM and 55.56 mM/h. Moreover, the enzyme hydrolyzed the 7-O-glucosides of icariin into icariside II, and finally hydrolyzed 3-Orhamnoside of icariside II into icaritin. The enzyme also hydrolyzed 7-O-glucosides of epimedin B to sagittatoside B, and then further hydrolyzed terminal 3-O-xyloside of sagittatoside B to icarisiede II, before finally hydrolyzing 3-O-rhamnoside of icarisiede II into icaritin. The enzyme only hydrolyzed 7-O-glucoside of epimedin A or epimedin C into sagittatoside A or sagittatoside C. It is possible to prepare icaritin from the high-content icariin in Epimedium herb using this enzyme. When 2.5% icariin was reacted at 40℃ for 18-20 h by the low-cost crude enzyme, 5.04 g icaritin with 98% purity was obtained from 10 g icariin. Also, the icaritin molar yield was 92.5%. Our results showed icaritin was successfully produced via cost-effective and relatively simple methods from icariin by crude enzyme. Our results should be very useful for the development of medicines from Epimedium herb.

Adaptive Robust Control based on RBF Neural Networks for Duct Cleaning Robot

Bu Dexu,Yu Hongshan,Sun Wei,Wang Cong,Zhang Hui 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2015 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.13 No.2

In this paper, a control strategy for duct cleaning robot in the presence of uncertainties and various disturbances is proposed which combines the advantages of neural network technique and advanced adaptive robust theory. First of all, the configuration of the duct cleaning robot is introduced and the dynamic model is obtained based on the practical duct cleaning robot. Second, the RBF neural network is used to identify the unstructured and dynamic uncertainties due to its strong ability to ap-proximate any nonlinear function to arbitrary accuracy. Using the learning ability of neural network, the designed controller can coordinately control the mobile plant and cleaning arm of duct cleaning ro-bot with different dynamics efficiently. The neural network weights are only tuned on-line without te-dious and lengthy off-line learning. Then, an adaptive robust control scheme based on RBF neural network is proposed, which ensures that the trajectories are accurately tracked even in the presence of external disturbances and uncertainties. Finally, based on the Lyapunov stability theory, the stability of the whole closed-loop control system, and the uniformly ultimately boundedness of the tracking errors are all strictly guaranteed. Moreover, simulation and experiment results are given to demonstrate that the proposed control approach can guarantee the whole system converges to desired manifold with well performance.

Expression of lncRNA NEAT1 in endometriosis and its biological functions in ectopic endometrial cells as mediated via miR-124-3p

Yuan Donglan,Zhu Dandan,Yin Boyu,Ge Hongshan,Zhao Yinling,Huang Aihua,Wang Xiaosu,Cao Xiuhong,Xia Nan,Qian Hua 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.5

Background: Endometriosis (EM) is a gynecological disease that poses severe health risks to women, although its pathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. It has been shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with EM initiation and have a role in the development of this disease. Previous studies exploring the expression of the lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) have shown that this lncRNA functions as a tumor promoter in endometrial cancer. However, its exact mechanism of action in EM remains unclear. Objective: This report was designed to illustrate the potential molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NEAT1 on EM. Methods: Endometrial tissues were extracted from EM model rats and patients with EM. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was applied to detect the morphological changes that occurred in rats after construction of the model. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were extracted from either ectopic endometrium (EC) or eutopic endometrium (EU) tissues from patients with EM. LncRNA NEAT1 and miR-124-3p expression in EM tissues and cells were subsequently evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis. MTT assay, flow cytometric analysis, western blot assay and Transwell assay were then employed to examine the effect of NEAT1 and miR-124-3p on EC-ESC proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. The targeted relationship between lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-124-3p was subsequently confirmed by dual-luciferase and co-transfection assays. Results: MiR-124-3p was identified as a target of NEAT1, and could be negatively regulated by NEAT1 in EC-ESCs. The expression level of NEAT1 was evidently increased, whereas that of miR-124-3p was decreased, in the EM in vivo model, EM tissues and EC-ESCs from patients with EM. The loss-of-function assays further established that silencing of NEAT1 could inhibit EC-ESC proliferation, migration, and invasion, but it led to the promotion of apoptosis via targeting miR-124-3p. Conclusions: NEAT1 is significantly upregulated in EM, promoting malignant behavior in EM through targeting miR-124-3p expression.

Production of ginsenoside F1 using commercial enzyme Cellulase KN

Wang, Yu,Choi, Kang-Duk,Yu, Hongshan,Jin, Fengxie,Im, Wan-Taek The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: Ginsenoside F1, a pharmaceutical component of ginseng, is known to have antiaging, antioxidant, anticancer, and keratinocyte protective effects. However, the usage of ginsenoside F1 is restricted owing to the small amount found in Korean ginseng. Methods: To enhance the production of ginsenoside F1 as a 10 g unit with high specificity, yield, and purity, an enzymatic bioconversion method was developed to adopt the commercial enzyme Cellulase KN from Aspergillus niger with food grade, which has ginsenoside-transforming ability. The proposed optimum reaction conditions of Cellulase KN were pH 5.0 and $50^{\circ}C$. Results: Cellulase KN could effectively transform the ginsenosides Re and Rg1 into F1. A scaled-up biotransformation reaction was performed in a 10 L jar fermenter at pH 5.0 and $50^{\circ}C$ for 48 h with protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside mixture (at a concentration of 10 mg/mL) from ginseng roots. Finally, 13.0 g of F1 was produced from 50 g of protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside mixture with $91.5{\pm}1.1%$ chromatographic purity. Conclusion: The results suggest that this enzymatic method could be exploited usefully for the preparation of ginsenoside F1 to be used in cosmetic, functional food, and pharmaceutical industries.

Acinetobacter plantarum sp. nov. isolated from wheat seedlings plant

Du, Juan,Singh, Hina,Yu, Hongshan,Jin, Feng-Xie,Yi, Tae-Hoo Springer-Verlag 2016 Archives of microbiology Vol.198 No.5

<P>Strain THG-SQM11(T), a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacterium, was isolated from wheat seedlings plant in P. R. China. Strain THG-SQM11(T) was closely related to members of the genus Acinetobacter and showed the highest 16S rRNA sequence similarities with Acinetobacter junii (97.9 %) and Acinetobacter kookii (96.1 %). DNA-DNA hybridization showed 41.3 +/- 2.4 % DNA reassociation with A. junii KCTC 12416(T). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that strain THG-SQM11(T) possesses ubiquinone-9 as the predominant respiratory quinone, C-18:1 omega 9c, summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c and/or C-16:1 omega 6c), and C-16:0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 41.7 mol %. These data, together with phenotypic characterization, suggest that the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Acinetobacter plantarum sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-SQM11(T) as the type strain (=CCTCC AB 2015123(T) =KCTC 42611(T)).</P>

Production of ginsenoside F1 using commercial enzyme Cellulase KN

Yu Wang,Kang-Duk Choi,Hongshan Yu,Fengxie Jin,임완택 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.2

Background: Ginsenoside F1, a pharmaceutical component of ginseng, is known to have antiaging, antioxidant, anticancer, and keratinocyte protective effects. However, the usage of ginsenoside F1 is restricted owing to the small amount found in Korean ginseng. Methods: To enhance the production of ginsenoside F1 as a 10 g unit with high specificity, yield, and purity, an enzymatic bioconversion method was developed to adopt the commercial enzyme Cellulase KN from Aspergillus niger with food grade, which has ginsenoside-transforming ability. The proposed optimum reaction conditions of Cellulase KN were pH 5.0 and 50C. Results: Cellulase KN could effectively transform the ginsenosides Re and Rg1 into F1. A scaled-up biotransformation reaction was performed in a 10 L jar fermenter at pH 5.0 and 50C for 48 h with protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside mixture (at a concentration of 10 mg/mL) from ginseng roots. Finally, 13.0 g of F1 was produced from 50 g of protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside mixture with 91.5 1.1% chromatographic purity. Conclusion: The results suggest that this enzymatic method could be exploited usefully for the preparation of ginsenoside F1 to be used in cosmetic, functional food, and pharmaceutical industries.