Underlying representation in geminates: from OT perspective

Sung-Hoon Hong,Chang-Kook Suh 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1

Hong, Sung-Hoon, and Chang-Kook Suh. 2004. Underlying represen-tation in Geminates: from an OT perspective. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 129.144. This research has examined the status of Underlying Representation (UR) in Optimality Theory focusing on the representation of consonant geminates. For this purpose, we have examined geminate/singleton alternation in Ponapean employing Lexicon Optimization (LO), an algorithm proposed to select a UR among multiple inputs. We have seen that simple application of LO is problematic in singling out a UR for the case of alternation. This leads us to the version of LO that is performed on the paradigms, rather than on an individual forms (Tesar and Smolensky 1996, 2000, Inkelas 1995, 1998). After a thorough implementation of LO, we have found that the URs are simply identical to the input forms; geminate UR for the alternating case and singleton UR for the nonalternating case. Further, it was shown that a unique underlying representation of geminates, regardless of their positions in which they occur, can account for the exceptional geminate behaviors. (Hansung University and Cheonan University)

Ito 저색소증

이근수,장홍준,서연림,안규중,김종민,이종주 ( Geun Soo Lee,Hong Zoon Jang,Yeon Lim Suh,Kyu Joong Ahn,Jong Min Kim,Chong Ju Lee ) 대한피부과학회 1990 대한피부과학회지 Vol.28 No.5

A Case of Hypomelanosis of lto Geun Soo Lee, M.D., Hong Zoon Jang, M.D., Yeon Lim Suh*, M.D., Kyu Joong Ahn, M.Dl., Jong Min Kim, M.D., Chong Ju Lee, M.D. Departments of Dermatology and Pathology*, Clooege of Medicine, Hallym University Seoul, Korea We report a case of hypomelansis of Ito developed in a 6-year-old male patient. He had numberous bizarre, hypopigmented streaky macules on the left side of the chest, and upper arm. The histopathologi findings demonstrated that hypopigmented areas contained slightly decreased basal pigmentation with decreased content of intracellualr melanin in keratinocytes and melanocytes and revealed neither inflammatory changes nor dropping of melanin granule into the dermis. The electron microscopic finding showed decreased number of melanosomes, incomplete melaniztion, and cytoplasmic vacuoles in keratinocytes and melanocytes. Extra-cutaneous alterations were not found.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

정신보건법의 주요 쟁점 조항에 대한 선진국과의 사례 비교

홍진표,황순찬,박수빈,서동우,정은기,김진학,박종익,안주연,김수정,장홍석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.2

Objectives The Mental Health Act is an initiative aimed at changing and shaping mental health services and protecting human rights of persons with mental disorders. Since the Mental Health Act was legislated in 1995, four amendments have been made according to the issues that arose from public concerns. However, there are still many debates about the human rights protection of the mentally iII. This study aimed to provide information regarding major aspects of the Mental Health Act by comparing them among several developed countries. Methods Current Mental Health Acts of the state of Michigan in the United States, Scotland in England, the state of Victoria in Australia, and Japan were reviewed. Issues regarding the Korean Mental Health Act were collected from seminar materials, news media contents, and mental health professionals Results The definition of subjects in Korean Mental Health Act was more inclusive than other countries and was derived from a medical classification of mental illness. Family members or guardians were granted important responsibilities for deciding the involuntary admission of mentally ill patients in Korea and Japan. In Western countries, Mental Health Review Tribunals or courts have the primary responsibility for important decisions about mentally ill patients. The regulation of immediate dis- charge after request by voluntarily admitted patients was not enacted in all countries except Korea. The mandatory procedure for involuntary admission in Western countries includes an individual case review with personal interview by a Mental Health Review Tribunal or court. Conclusion The Korean Mental Health Act appears to meet the basic standards of Guidelines from international organizations. Our traditional culture and inherent health systems seem to influence the legal regulation of mental health service and might be related to the problems of human rights protection of mentally ill patients in Korea.

점유후 평가(Post-Occupancy Evaluation:POE)를 통한 대학 공공시설의 건축계획연구 : 성균관대학교 자연과학캠퍼스의 학생회관과 도서관의 조사 POE

서기영,문홍길,권종남,김병기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1991 論文集 Vol.42 No.1

The purpose of this thesis is to study the theory of Post-Occupancy Evaluation(POE) and its application to existing buildings. POE is the process of evaluationg building in a systematic and rigorous manner after they have been built and occupied for some time. POE's focus on building occupants and their needs, and thus provide insights into the consequences of past design decisions and the resulting building performance. In this study, with recognizing the importance and usefulness of POE, two buildings were evaluated according to the process of POE that are the liberary and the student center at Natural Science Campus, Sung Kwun Kwan University. The resultant lessons learned from this POE will provide a line of achieving better building utilization for two buildings and be u sed to set up criteria useful to design similar buildings in the future.

Thyristor를 利用한 Phase Converter에 關한 硏究

徐相壽,金洪奎 충주대학교 1979 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.12 No.2

According as the capacity and the load uced as frequent interval operation have increased in the rural district recently, it comes to be disadvantageous to used three phase transmitting system : on the other hand, it turns out to be necessary to adopt the phase converter in order to obtain two phase voltage or three phase voltage from the single phase source. Accordingly this paper is an attempt to inverstigate theoretically the single phase & therce phase phase-converters to operate the three phase induction motor in the area of single phase wire, and then to help select the suitable phase-converter by investigating each them comparatively.

信用카드去來의 法律問題에 관한 硏究

徐圭錫,尹洪善 全北大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

In modern socity credit card became the necessities of our daily life as a consumer. The first form of credit card was appeared in the United States and it is said that the pioneer of credit card was Hotel Credit Company. Subsequently, a full-scale usage of credit card had to be on the lookout the flotation of cards by oil company about 1914. In 1950, Diners' Club was sailed as a company specialiaing in credit card, it was the departure of the 'tripartite' card and about 1958. 10, the issue of American Express Card brought about the universal use of oredit card in consumer transactions. In our country the credit card was first introduced by Shynsegae Department Store in 1969. 10, thereafter Midopa Department store issued credit card and it was not until Kookmin-card was brought out by Koomin Bank in 1980. 9 that credit card was diffused to us in earnest. But the wide-spread usage of credit card has raised problems on consumer protection and rational restriotions of credit card transactions terms. Besides, our operative law on credit card does not give us entire satisfactions as regards the insufficiency of provisions and the drastic protection for comsumer. That is to say, both the bipartite and tripartite cards create legal problems when the card has been lost or stolen and an unauthorized person has used the card to make purchases before the holder notified the issuer in writing that the card had disappeared. This study focused on these problems and put emphasis on the solution of consumer protection problems. The substances of this thesis are as follows; 1. an introduction 2. the history and conception of credit card 1) the history of credit card and the development process of credit card in various countries. 2) the conception of credit card 3) the kind of credit card 4) the legal nature of credit card 3. the legal structure of credit card transactions 1) the parties 2) the legal relations of parties 4. the legal nature of relations on price payment 1) an introduction 2) theories of USA 3) theories of BRD 4) theories of Japan and Korea 5. a conclusion

복합문화공간의 색채계획 : 수원시 영통구 상업지구를 중심으로

서주환,여화선,최선주,박선영,김옥경,승지현,김홍균 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 2007 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.10 No.1

The recognition on leisure living which have been enjoyed by prestige level from popular persons is now widely spreaded in modern capitalism society and change of the leisure living influenced very much to the society and Industry. The 5 day work per week system expanded to the school and contemporary leisure living of the people is recognised as one culture with various contents. This change of leisure living made a recognition on the need for a space for leisure culture contents, which related to a creation of Complex-culture facility to contain various type of multiple leisure culture. The Complex-culture facility is mainly focused on the entertainment space with increased leisure living, which is consist of important element of the Complex-culture facility as performance space, exhibition, sports and shopping space to construct performance hall, theater, exhibition room, sports center, shopping mall, leisure space and plaza. This study, therefore, will Investigate on the function and value of color, and review on the cases of Complex-cultural facility and then choose a space of cultural element lack. It will recompose in Complex-cultural facility.

PDGF와 IGF-I 병용 사용시 치주인대세표의 증식과 세포활성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

서조영,신홍인,경희문 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Current acceptable methods for promoting periodontal regeneration are based on removal of diseased soft tissue, root treatment, guided tissue regeneration, introduction of new graft materials and biological mediators. Insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) and Platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB), the members of the polypeptuyde growth factor family have been reported as the biological mediators which regulate a variety cellular matrix biologic activities of wound healing process including the cell proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix synthesis. The purposes of this study is to evaluate the combination effects of IGF-I and PDGF-BB on the cellular activity of the periodontal ligament cells to act as a regeneration promoting agent of periodontal tissue. Human periodontal ligament cells were prepared from the first permolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment and were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS at the 37。C, 5% CO2 incubator. Author measured the DNA synthetic activity, and total protein, collagen and noncollagenous protein synthetic activities according to the concentration of 10, 100ng/ml IGF-I and 1, 10 ng/ml PDGF-BB in combination. The results were as follows: significantly increased in the 1 ng/ml PDGF-BB alone compared to the 10 ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P<0.01)and in the 1 ng/ml PDGF-BB AND 10, 100NG/ML IGF-I in combination compared to the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB alone (P<0.05,P<0.01). The synthetic activity of the noncollagenous protein is increased according to the concentration of IGF_I, but not statistically significant(P>0.05). The percent of collagen is significantly in the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB and 10ng/ml IGF-I in combination compared to the 1ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P0.05) and in the 10ng/ml IGF-I in combination compared to the 10ng/ml PDGF-BB alone(P<0.05). The synthetic activity of the DNA is in conclusions, the percent study shows that PDGF-BB and IGF-I in combination have a potentiality to enhance the DNA synthesis and the total protein and collagen synthesis of the periodontal ligament cells, especially it is more significant in the low concentration PDGF-BB compared to the high one. Thus, the PDGF-BB and IGF-I in combination may have important roles in promotion of periodontal ligament healing, and consequently, may useful for clinical application in periodontal regenerative procedures.

寄生蟲卵 및 coliform group의 同時 處理濟에 關하여 : 寄生蟲卵및 coliform의 group의 同時 處理方法의 개발

서홍길 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1981 科學論集 Vol.7 No.-

腸內細菌과 寄生蟲卵을 동시에 사멸시킬 수 있는 藥劑를 탐색하기 위하여 乾燥 및 濕潤狀態에서 수종의 약품을 이들에 적용시켜 사멸효과를 측정하였다. 1. 蛔蟲卵 및 鞭蟲卵 및 pH5에서 0.1% sodium nitrite로 3일, pH5∼8.5에서 0.01∼0.03% iodine 으로는 2∼3일내에 사멸되었다. 2. coliform group 및 enterococcus는 0.5% sodium nitrite(pH5)로 5∼10시간, 0.01∼0.03% iodine(ph5∼8.5)으로는 5∼10시간에 사멸되었다. 3. 乾燥狀態의 蛔蟲卵 및 鞭蟲卵은 1.5% sulfurdioxide gas로 20시간, 1.5% carbondisulfide로는 15시간내에 사멸되었다. 4. coliform group 및 enterococcus는 乾燥狀態에서 0.5% sulfudioxide gas로 10시간, 1% formaldehyde gas로는 10시간에 사멸되나 carbondisulfide gas 는 殺菌效果가 없었다. 5. 따라서 腸內細菌 및 寄生충卵을 同時 死滅시킬때는 液狀에서는 0.01%∼0.03%의 iodine로 처리하는 것이 좋고, 乾燥狀態에서는 1.5% sulfurdioxide로 처리하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다. Seeking for chemicals which could kill enteric bacteria and helminth eggs, I tested some chemicals for his purpose in dry and wet conditions. 1. Ascarid and trichocephalus eggs in water were killed by 0.1% sodium nitrite at pH5 within 3days and by 0.01∼0.03% iodine at pH5∼8.5 within 2∼3days. 2. Coliform group and enterococcus in water were sterilized by 0.5% sodium nitrite at pH 5 within 5∼10 hours and by 0.01∼0.03% iodine at pH5∼8.5 within 5∼10 hours. 3. Dried ascarid and trichocephalus eggs were killed by 1.5% sulfurdioxide gas within 20 hours and by 1.5% carbondisulfide gas within 15 hours. 4. Coliform group and enterococcus in dry state were sterilized by 0.5% sulfurdioxide gas and 1% formaldehyde gas within 10 hours but carbondisulfide had no sterilizing effect.