Genome-wide screening antifungal genes in <i>Streptomyces griseus</i> S4-7, a Fusarium wilt disease suppressive microbial agent

Hong, Sung Won,Kim, Da-Ran,Kwon, Youn Sang,Kwak, Youn-Sig Published by Elsevier/North Holland on behalf of t 2019 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.366 No.12

<P> <I>Streptomyces</I> is a widely studied bacterial genus, particularly with regard to secondary metabolites and antibiotics production. <I>Streptomyces griseus</I> S4-7 was isolated from a strawberry Fusarium wilt disease suppressive soil, and its biological control ability has been well established. However, the antifungal mechanism of strain S4-7 is not yet fully understood at the molecular and biochemical level. Therefore, in this study we created a random mutant library for strain S4-7 with the Tn5 transposon element to investigate antifungal traits on a genome-wide scale. In total 4646 individual mutant strains were created and 13 mutants were selected based on loss of antifungal activity. The knockout genes were identified as electron transfer oxidoreductase (eto),sigma factor-70(sig70) and nrps by Inverse PCR (I-PCR). eto regulates the <I>geranylgeranyl</I> reductase gene, which is involved in terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, an important factor in cell fitness. In the <I>△eto</I> strain, expression of <I>wbl,</I> a master regulator of the production of secondary metabolites, was significantly reduced. sig70 is responsible for the cell differentiation sensing mechanism in genus <I>Streptomyces. △nrps</I> showed decreased production of hybrid peptide-polyketide siderophores. These results suggest that <I>S. griseus</I> S4-7 may have various antifungal mechanisms, and each mechanism is essential to maximal antifungal activity. <P>

콩의 개화기 전후 공급과 수용부위의 생장반응과 수량에 대한 질소의 효과

박재홍,송범헌,이철원,손석용,김홍식,박상일 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2002 農業科學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study was conducted to examine the nitrogen effects on the growth responses, the nodulation, and the distribution of dry weight of plant tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering stage, and to evaluate the yield components and yields with different nitrogen levels. Hwangkeum cultivar(Glycine max L mereill) was cultivated under five different nitrogen levels, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, N Kg/10a. Stem length and branching number, which were investigated with different N levels at major growth stages, were rapidly increased for 14days for before and after the flowering stage compared to the other growth stages. They were clearly higher with treatment of 2 and 4 N kg/10a than those of other N treatments. Pod number was slightly increased from the flowering to beginning maturity. It was the highest in the treatment of 2 N Kg/10a. Comparing grain number per pod with different N levels, two grains per pod was much higher in all N treatments except for the treatment of 6 N Kg/10a. Dry weight of shoot(including leaf, stem, and pod) was rapidly increased from the flowering stage to the full seed stage and then gradually increased after the full seed stage, whereas the dry weight of root(including the nodule and root) was rapidly increased until to full pod stage and then linearly decreased from the full pod stage until the beginning maturity stage. Comparing dry weight with different N levels, the dry weight of shoot was the highest in the treatment of 4 N Kg/10a, while it of root was the highest in the treatment of 2N Kg/10a. The dry weight of nodule was the highest, 13.1 Kg/10a, at full pod stage. Comparing the dry weight of nodule with different N levels, it was increased to the application amount of 4 N Kg/10a and then clearly decreased with more application amount of N than 4 Kg/10a. The yield components which were mostly affected to the yield were pod number per plant and grain number per plant. They were 57.5 and 106.1, respectively, with treatment of 4 N Kg/10a, which showed the highest yield, about 266 Kg/10a. Comparing yield index with different N levels to the control, the yields with treatment of 2 and 4 Kg/10a were increased to 21% and 34%, respectively.

콩의 개화기전후 공급과 수용부위의 무기영양성분함량 및 흡수량에 대한 질소의 효과

박재홍,송범헌,이철원,손석용,김홍식,박상일 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2002 農業科學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study was conducted to examine the nitrogen effects on the uptaken amounts and utilization of mineral nutrients between source and sink tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering stage with different nitrogen levels Hwangkeum cultivar(Glycine max L Mereill) was cultivated under five different mtrogen levels, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 N kg/10a Comparing contents of total-N with different plant tissues at major growth stages before and after the flowering, total-N contents of leaves was gradually decreased from the flowering to the beginning maturity, while it of pod was continuously increased from the full seed to the beginning maturity Total-N content was higher in the treatment of 4 N Kg/10a that those of others The uptaken amount of N determined with different growth stage was rapidly increased maturity Higher proportion of uptaken N were into the leaves at the full seed stage, and they were transported from the leaves into pod at the beginning maturity stage Comparing major mineral elements of the leaves and the pod with different N leaves, in case of the leaves, the content of Fe, Mn, and Zn was decreased throughout the growth stages, whereas the content of Ca and Mg was decreased from the flowering to the full seed and then it was increased after the full seed stage In case of pod, the content of K, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Na was decreased from the flowering to the beginning maturity, while contest of Mg was increased.

시토크롬 C의 전기화학반응에 있어서 프로모터와 전해질과의 영향

최광재,조홍식,이행자,장상목,김영한 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.1

The electrochemical reaction of cytochrome C varied with promotors and electrolytes. Among electron transfer carriers, 4-4' bipyridine(PyPy) showed good redox response using 20 mM phosphate solution as electrolyte and the case of Bis(4 pyridyl) bisulphide(PySSPy) as promotor showed same result using 0.2M Sodium cacodylate as electrolyte tested cyclic voltammetry method. Between electrodes, Au electrode is better behaviour than ITO electrode. 0.21M Tris, 0.24M Cacodylate acid showed the most effective electrochemical characteristics as electrolyte.

수정진동자를 이용한 계면활성제의 특성 분석

송성훈,박진영,이행자,조홍식,장상목 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

The phase transition phenomena and the phase separation phenomena of surfactants(SPES) are analyzed using QCA with resonant frequency and resonant resistance. The phase transition phenomena of SPES at 30℃ can be determined by measuring the resonant frequency and resonant resistance by lecithin coated on quartz crystal. The surfactants capacity of SPES can be analyzed by measuring the resonant frequency and resonant resistance of surfactants using QCA.

팥바구미 저항성 녹두의 작물학적 특성

이구환,정승근,박상일,송범헌,조용구,김홍식 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2002 農業科學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

Antitumor activity of spinasterol isolated from Pueraria roots

Gook-Che Jeon,Myoung-Soon Park,윤도영,C hul-Ho Shin,Hong-Sig Sin,엄수종 생화학분자생물학회 2005 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.37 No.2

We purified phytoestrogens from Pueraria root (Pueraria mirifica from Thailand and Pueraria lobata from Korea), which is used as a rejuvenat-ing folk medicine in Thailand and China. Dried, powdered plant material was extracted with 100% ethanol and further separated by concentration, filtration, and thin layer silica gel chromatogra-phy. Using the fractions obtained during separa-tion, we first investigated their cytotoxicity in se-veral cancer cel lines from various tissues. The ethanol-extracted components (PE1, PE4) had sig-nificant antiproliferative efects on breast cancer cel lines, including MCF-7, ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3, and Hs578T. Second, we compared flavonoids, sterols, and coumarins from Pueraria root. The known compounds were not as efec-tive, and occured in a diferent polarity region on HPLC. Third, further separation resulted in the isolation of eight diferent components (Sub PE-A to -H). One of these, PE-D, affected the growth of some breast cancer cel lines (MCF-7, MDA- MB-231) in a dose- and time-dependent maner, as wel as the growth of ovarian (2774) and cervical cancer cels (HeLa). Finaly, a transfec-tion assay showed that this component had an estrogenic effect similar to 17βactivates both estrogen receptor α (ERα) and ERβ. The NMR analysis determined that spin-asterol (stigmasta-7, 22-dien-3beta-ol) is an active cytotoxic component of Pueraria root.

有 · 無限伸育型 콩 品種間 雜種初期世代에서 量的形質들에 대한 組合能力

Hong Sig Kim(金弘植),Eun Hi Hong(洪殷熹),Seok Dong Kim(金奭東),Sang Il Park(朴相一),Seung Keun Jong(鄭丞根) 한국육종학회 1994 한국육종학회지 Vol.26 No.3

This study was conducted to study on the inheritance of growth characters and yield components at the Crop Experiment Station, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea in 1990. Some quantitative characters in F₁ and F₂ of crosses between four determinate soybean cultivars as male parents(Hwangkeumkong, Jangyeobkong, Paldalkong and Suwon 148) and two indeterminate soybean cultivars as female parents(Clark and L63-2404) were investigated and analyzed for combining ability. In F₁ general combining ability(GCA) of male parents indicating principal contribution of additive genetic effects was significant in stem height, number of nodes on mainstem, number of branches, number of nodes per plant, and mainstem dependence rate of number of nodes. GCA of male and female as well as specific combining ability(SCA) was significant in days to maturity, suggesting that additive and non-additive genetic effects of male and female act simultaneously. Both GCA and SCA effects were not significant in yield components. In F₂, both GCA of male and SCA effects were significant in stem height, number of nodes, number of pods, mainstem dependence rate, and grain weight per plant. GCA effect of male was significant in number of branhces. GCA effects of both male and female were significant in days to maturity and 100 seed weight. Non-additive genetic effects were shown in number of pods on mainstem, number of pods per plant and number of grains per plant. The significance and directions of GCA and SCA effects varied according to males and females, generations and relevant characters. According to the estimated GCA, Clark and Deogyukong were found to be desirable parents for greater vegetative growth and yield, whereas Suwon 148 for earlyness, Hwangkeumkong for large seed size, and Paldalkong for high mainstem dependence rate and short stem. The estimated SCA effect for yield and lateness was great in the crosses of L63-2404×Dogyukong and Clark×Suwon 148, while SCA effect for earlyness was large in L63-2404×Suwon 148 and Clark×Dogyukong.

有ㆍ無限伸育型 콩 品種間 雜種初期世代에서 量的形質의 遺傳力 및 形質間 相互關係

Hong Sig Kim(金弘植),Sang Il Par(朴相一),Seung Keun Jong(鄭丞根),Eun Hi Hong(洪殷熹),Seok Dong Kim(金奭東) 한국육종학회 1994 한국육종학회지 Vol.26 No.4

This study was carried out at the Crop Experiment Station, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea in 1990. F₁ and F₂ generations from crosses between four determinate soybean cultivars of male parents(Hwangkeumkong, Jangyeobkong, Paldalkong and Suwon 148) and two indeterminate soybean cultivars of female parents(Clark and L63-2404) were used as materials to study on the inheritance of growth characters and yield components. Heritability estimate for days to maturity was fairly high. Stem height, number of nodes on mainstem and mainstem dependence rate of number of nodes and pods had relatively high heritabilities. The heritability of branch-related and yield-related characters was low. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations were significantly positive between seed weight per plant and most of growth or yield components except 100-seed weight. But highly negative correlations were existed between seed weight per plant and mainstem dependence rate of number of nodes and pods. Path corefficient analysis revealed that number of seeds per plant had the greatest direct effect on seed weight per plant, while the total number of nodes per plant and number of nodes on branches showed the greatest direct effects on the number of seeds poer plant.

The Study on the Performance Characteristics due to the Degree of Superheat in $NH_3$ Refrigeration System III - The Comparison of Heat Exchanger Types -

Hong Suck-Ju,Ha Ok-Nam,Lee Kyu-Tae,Ha Kyung-Soo,Jeong Song-Tae,Hong Seong-In,Yun Kab-Sig,Kim Yang-Hyun,Kwon Il-Wook,Lee Jong-In The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 2006 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.14 No.1

Because the usage of CFC and HCFC based refrigerants are restricted due to the depletion of ozone layer, the $NH_3$ gas, in the experiment is evaluated to the performance characteristics for the superheat control to improve the energy efficiency. The experiment is carried out about the condensing pressure of refrigeration system from 1,500 kPa to 1,600 kPa through the degree of superheat from 0 to $10^{\circ}C$ at each condensing pressure. As a result, in the case of shell and tube type of heat exchanger, the COP is more efficient than other cases at the degree of superheat $1^{\circ}C$ at each condensing pressure. In the case of shell and disk type of heat exchanger, the COP is the most efficient at the degree of superheat 0.