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강신희,박기호,홍철,김동명,Shin Hee Kang,M,D,Ki Ho Park,M,D,Chul Hong,M,D,Dong Myoung Kim,M,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.3
Purpose: To compare the Hong`s grading method, utilized for slit-lamp grading of the mid-peripheral angle, with other conventional grading methods. Actual angle was measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for comparison. Methods: Fifteen eyes with narrow angles and eighteen eyes with wide angles were studied. The average age of thirty-three subjects was 46.8±19.2, and the male to female ratio was 1:3.7. The mid-peripheral angle was graded by Hong`s, van Herick`s and Spaeth`s grading system. The actual anterior chamber angle was evaluated by UBM and the correlation between each grading system and actual angle was investigated. Results: The results from the Hong`s grading (r=0.802, R2=0.643, p<0.01), Spaeth`s grading (r=0.728, R2=0.530, p<0.01) and van Herick`s grading (r=0.618, R2=0.382, p<0.01) methods correlated significantly with the actual angles. Conclusions: The Hong`s grading method was an easy and effective tool to evaluate anterior chamber angle. In addition, the results of the Hong`s grading method were closer to the actual angle than the other methods.
이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
선삭가공에서 절삭조건에 따른 절삭력과 표면거칠기에 관한 연구
홍철기,이호용 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1995 산업기술논문집 Vol.6 No.-
STS410 스텐레스 강과 STC3 탄소공구강을 피복초경합금공구를 이용하여 절삭속도, 이송량, 절삭깊이 등의 절삭조건을 바꾸며 선삭가공하여 주분력, 배분력, 이송분력의 절삭력의 변화와 표면거칠기의 변화를 측정하였다. 날끝반경 0.8mm의 공구보다 0.4mm의 공구를 사용하였을 때 절삭력이 작게 나타났으며 표면거칠기는 0.8mm의 공구를 사용할 때가 양호하였다. 절삭력만을 고려할 때의 적절한 절삭조건은 절삭속도 223m/min, 절삭깊이 0.15mm, 이송량 0.06mm/rev이다. 또한 절삭속도 111.6m/min, 절삭깊이 0.55mm, 이송량 0.015mm/rev에서 양호한 표면거칠기가 얻어졌다. Turning experiments are conducted to investigate the relationship between cutting conditions and cutting forces and surface roughness. The cutting conditions consists of the cutting speed, depth, and feed. The STC3 carbon tool steel and STS410 stainless steel are used as working materials, and the KT250 coated sintered carbide tools with nose radius of 0.4mm and 0.8mm are used as the machining tools. It was observed from experiments that cutting with nose radius of 0.4R results in low cutting forces and that of 0.8R results in better surface roughness. Proper cutting conditions are obtained when we use the combinations of the cutting speed of 223m/min, depth of 0.15mm, and feed of 0.06mm/rev to minimize cutting force. Cutting speed of 111.6m/min, depth of 0.55mm, and feed of 0.105mm/rev are recommended for good surface roughness.
洪盛杓,全鍾貴,崔哲圭 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1988 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.1
The mathematical theory of competitive running by Keller, which is based on the Newton's second law of motion, is applied to analyze the track records of the Asian and Korean athlets. In addition, the empirical formular proposed by Toots is used to represent the aver age speed of the runners for various races. The main conclusions arrived at are as follows. 1. According to the Keller theory, running at a constant speed is an optimum strategy throughout the races except the initial two seconds and the final 3 seconds, approximately, for distances greater than certain critical distances. But it is effective to run at a full speed with maximum propulsion, for the short distance sprints. 2. The critical distances obtained from the records are 291m for the World records, and 298 (320m for women) and 303m (330m for women) for Asian and Korean records, respectively. Thus the 400m race may be considered the reference item for the mid-range race. 3. Korean athletes show rather inferior physiological characteristics for the most cases analyzed, with the only exception for the oxygen supply rate of male athelets, which is somewhat greater than that of the Asian records. This may indicate a passilility of future development of superior mid and long distance runner from Korean athletes.
울산지역 초, 중, 고등학생들의 자기 체형에 대한 인식 및 불만족도에 대한 조사
홍찬의,홍성완,정철주,이동진,최광해 영남대학교 의과대학 2008 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.25 No.2
Background : In this study, we examined body image perception and dissatisfaction with weight and height in children and adolescents, according to age and body mass index. Additionally, we compared our findings with those of previous studies concerning eating disorders. Materials and Methods : In July and August 2008, 1,501 students were sampled from elementary, middle, and high schools in Ulsan and assessed using self-completion questionnaires. We used the Korean version of the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) to screen for eating risk groups Participants were stratified by grade, gender, and body mass index. Results : 1) Dissatisfaction with height, weight, and body image was greater in the older group. 2) Dissatisfaction with weight and body image was greater in the heavier group. 3) EAT-26 scores and the number of individuals at high risk for eating disorders were higher in the female group than in the male group. Conclusion : The EAT-26 score in this study was similar to those found in Previous Westem studies. 2) There were a number of high-risk individuals in the female group, with a tendency toward earlier Presentation. Continuous health management and prevention programs are required.
냉간시동 중 스파크 점화 엔진의 탄화수소 배출에 관한 연구
홍명석,안철봉,장원 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 1999 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.21 No.2
The emission characteristics of hydrocarbons during the cold start have been investigated. The measurements are focused upon the first 20 seconds of operation after starting with the engine and coolant initially at ambient temperature because this period has a major effect on HC emissions, over the FTP cycle, therefore decreasing cold start enrichment and decreasing the time to catalyst light-off are desirable. The engine examined is a 4-cylinder, 4-valve SI engine. The Motec engine control system is used to control ignition timing and fuel injector pulse width throughout the starting and warm-up transient. The engine started using the starter motor. Speciated HC emissions from the exhaust system of the engine have been obtained with 3 second time resolution during cold start using a exhaust gas sampling equipment. The emissions were initially enriched in light fuel alkanes and depleted in heavy aromatic species. The light alkanes feIl rapidly while the lower vapor pressure aromatics increased over a period of 50 sec. These results indicate early retention of low vapor pressure fuel components in the intake manifold and exhaust system. The atmospheric reactivity of the exhaust HC emissions for photochemical smog formation increases as the engine warms.
홍경욱,이정아,김원진,박철민,권혜리,박혜원,엄중식 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.5
국내의 토착형 말라리아는 삼일열 말라리아로, 1993년부터 재유행이 시작되었다. 말라리아의 중요한 합병증으로 드물지만 비장 파열이 있는데, 이는 주로 삼일열 말라리아에 의해서 발생되며, 국내에서는 1999년 말라리아에 의한 비장 파열로 비장 절제술을 시행한 예가 보고된 바 있다. 현재까지는 비장 파열이 있을 때 비장 절제술이 일차적인 치료로 되어 있으나, 비장 절제술 후의 감염 위험성이 크므로, 활력 징후가 불안정하거나, 출혈이 지속되는 소견이 보이지 않으면 가급적 보존적 치료를 하는 것이 추천된다. 저자들은 비장 파열이 동반된 말라리아 환자에서 비장 절제술을 시행하지 않고 보존적 치료로 호전된 예를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다. Plasmodium vivax has been the predominant Plasmodium species in the Republic of Korea and reemerged in 1993. Spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen is a rare but important complication associated with P. vivax infection. Only one case of spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen was reported in Korea in 1999. Splenectomy is still accepted as the treatment of choice in cases of spontaneous rupture of the spleen. But, considering increased risk of postsplenectomy infecion, splenectomy should be reserved for those patients with severe rupture or those with continued or recurrent bleeding. And conservative treatment should be considered in selected, closely monitored patients. We report a patient with P. vivax malaria who developed a spontaneous splenic rupture and was improved by conservative treatment.
Cd 페라이트의 열적성질에 대한 Mossbauer 효과 연구
홍치유,백승도,이철세 동국대학교 자연과학연구소 1992 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.12 No.-
이 논문에서는 100-900K의 온도영역에서 CdFe?O?의 Mossbauer 효과를 조사하였다. CdFe?O?의 이성질체 이동치는 온도의 증가에 따라 감소하며, 온도계수는 -5.789×10?㎜/sec·K이다. 사중극자 분열치는 온도에 따른 뚜렷한 변화가 없으며, 흡수선폭은 온도증가에 따라 증가하고, 공명흡수 면적의 온도 의존성을 이용하여 구한 CdFe?O?의 Debye dhsehss 515L이다. Mossbauer effect study is made on CdFe?O? in the temperature range from 100K up to 900K. The isomer shift of the CdFe?O? decrease with the temperature coefficient -5.789×10?㎜/sec·K as the increasing temperature, but we have observed no variation of quadrupole splitting with temperature. The average line width increase slowly with increasing temperature. The Debye temperature of the CdFe?O? calculated by the temperature dependence of the absorption area is 515K.