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卞烘圭,吳鎭坤,申鎔鎭,金泳喆,鄭求福,柳哲鍾,洪允杓 全北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.19 No.-
The Comprehensive Examination for the undergraduate students is planned to adopt the Jeonbug National University for the purpose of enhancing the quality of its educational outputs. In order to effectively measure and evaluate the level of student progress toward the minimun standard as the students who have finished their general education and basic education for their major field study, the university has decided to make an item pool related to the subjects for the examination. This study is an attempt to make good items of five required courses among general education subjects which are Korean Language, English, Korean History, National Ethics. and Natural Science and are expected to be the subjects of the examination. Instead of making those items separately from the regular examination during the academic semesters, the university plans to collect and use good items from the usual mid-term and final examinations of those subjects. A key concern, in this study, therefore, is to analyze all the items used for the mid-term and final examinations of those subjects during the regular academic semesters. From the data of an about 100 sample in each subject at each time of total three tests, the difficulty index, discrimination index, the response rate of students on each item, and other general descriptive statistics are calculated and then good items are pooled for the future use for the Comprehensive Examination. Anhother important concern in this study is this study is given to the collection and analysis of controversial issues and problems on the process of operating the examination at other universities where the Comprehensive Examination is already adopted. The data from four institutions and from opinions of six participants of this study are used. The following main findidings are summarized : 1. The items have generally shown to be easy while the degree of discrimination is low. 2. Among the five subjects, Korean Language shows the highest rate of right answer (difficulty index) while English the strongest one in the discrimination index. 3. When comparing two types of test between the multiple choice and the short-answer, the latter seems to be powerful in both difficulty and discriminative. 4. The only one question of essay type test reveals clear limitations in scoring and evaluating students progress. 5. All items are constructed under the consideration of content-referenced base, not of the basis on behavioral aspect. 6. The analysis of issues and problems related to the Comprehensive Examination suggests that it is acceptable to test in terms of required subjects of general education and a few most basic subjects of major areas of study. 7. The examination can be functionally operated when it is held at the end of the first year of and before the beginning of the second year of the college years. The length of the examination is usally held from three to five hours. 8. Since the examination should be existed on the idea of criterion-referenced base rather than of norm-referenced one because of its testing the qualification of the entering behavior of students for the further study in their major field, the standard of the pass-and-failure should be set on at least 60 percent of correct answers in each subject. But there must be provided at least two additional opportunities for the make-up examination for those who failed in the first one. 9. A special committee must be established in order to deal with all the details related to the Comprehensive Examination.
공기청정기의 일부 실내공기 오염물질 제거효율에 관한 연구
이태형,김윤신,홍승철,이철민,김종철,전형진,김중호 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.5
In this study, we investigated PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP) in urine at indoor environments which are 35 houses and 20 hospitals for using air cleaner and non-using air cleaner in Seoul metropolitan area and Kyoung-gi province from April, 2003 to February, 2004. Moreover, we examined effect of improvement for indoor air quality and health effect by concentration of 1-OHP also we investigated removal efficiency by air cleaner for PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP that were 28.5%, 27.4%, and 42.1% respectively. Concentration of PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP were 19.02±18.14μg/m³, 8.66±3.06ppb, and 0.19±0.18μg/g creatinine when air cleaner was no worked. The concentration for PM_(10), NO₂ and 1-OHP were 13.60+10.79μg/m³, 6.29±2.71ppb, and 0.11±0.10μg/g creatinine, respectively. It was significant statistically. Therefore, it is considered using the air cleaner to remove the partial pollutants in indoor environment and is positive effect for health.
김정일,김병권,김정원,채창호,이철호,강동묵,김지홍,김진하,김영욱,이영하,이지호,김정호,윤형렬,유철인,정백근,장태원,김운규,윤동영,강진욱,김종은,안진홍,이동준,장준호,이광영,송혜란,최영희,이용환,조병만,최홍렬,고상백,김은아,이유진,홍영습,정갑열,김정만,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Objective: Occupational medicine specialists in the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam areas established an area-based occupational disease surveillance system and used this system to collected case information for the purpose of preventing occupational diseases Methods: l l hospital participated in this system. The authors selected five main diseases, which were hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD), occupational asthma, occupational skin disease and occupational and occupational lung cancer and established their case definitions. All cases were reported on the web, and real time analysis was conducted. Results: Between April 2001 and April 2003, 192 cases of HAVS, 118 cases of WRMSD, 33 cases of occupational asthma, 17 cases of occupational skin disease and 17 cases of occupational lung cancer (for a total of 377 cases of these five main diseases) were reported. most of the HAVS cases came from shipbuilding, and 172 of them (92.7%) were associated with grinding. Of the four main types of WRMSD, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was the most prevalent with 46 cases and shipbuilding was also the main industry involved (83.9%). The ergonomic risk factors involved mainly associated with the hand. In 19 (57.6%) and 4 (12.1%) cases of occupational asthma, the agents involved. The causative agents of occupational lung cancer included Cr, welding fume, PAH, Ni, etc. 10(58.8%) of the cases were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and 5(29.4%) as adenoma. Conclusion: This result showed that an area-based occupational disease surveillance system might provide an effective method of evaluating the prevalence of such diseases, however the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam provinces are too large to be treated as individual areas. Therefore, the authors suggest that each province should establish its own surveillance system.
장기증분원가의 산출과 활용에 관한 비판적 검토 : 통신산업의 사례 A Case of Telecommunication Industry
홍철규,안태식 대한경영학회 2003 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.16 No.5
Traditionally, regulators have relied on accounting-based historical costs for price regulation in regulated industries including telecommunications, electricity and gas. With the introduction of competition, however, the economic cost called 'long run incremental cost (LRIC)' is increasingly being adopted in these fields. This study critically analyses and discusses from the accounting and economics perspectives the 'standard cost model' which was recently developed to compute LRIC in the Korean telecommunications industry. A special attention is paid to the issues: assumptions about the degree of efficiency, departure from economic capital costs, errors on the limited utilisation of cost drivers and cost estimation, capacity costing and sensitivity, unbalanced burden of risk(real option). This cost model produces costs conceptually different from accounting costs. However, accounting scholars need to pay attention to the economic cost model as it is an important case where the abstract concept of an economic cost was applied to a real world situation. In addition, LRIC has relevance to strategic management accounting since LRIC is conceptually similar to the costs which new efficient entrants would incur and thus allows firms to understand their competitive positions. This study has also important implications for management accounting practitioners who are expected to provide cost information of the firm itself as well as outside information including regulatory environment, competitors' strategies, and new production processes and technologies etc.
수은함량과 응축압이 치과용 아말감의 표면조도에 미치는 영향
홍운표,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1984 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.11 No.1
A comparative investigation on surface roughness of four kinds of dental amalgam, three of those were manufactured in Korea, has been done for variations in mercury content and condensation pressure. Three different mercury content-the normal, recommanded level and 5% more and less than this and two condensation pressure-10MPa and 14MPa were selected. And surface roughness of amalgams in three conditions-(1) unpolished, (2)metallurgically polished, and (3) polished with pumice and zinc oxide paste, was measured with a Surface Profile Recorder. From the experiments, the following results were obtained; 1. In every case, no statistical differences were found in surface roughness for the variation of condensation pressure. 2. Atomized high copper amalgam showed the highest surface roughness for the level of 5% mercury less than recommanded, but conventional lathe cut and admixed amalgams didn't show much difference in surface roughness for the variation of mercury content. 3. When metallugically polished, each amalgam showed the highest surface roughness for the level of 5% mercury less than recommanded. 4. In all of the cases, there wasn't much difference between surface roughness for the recommanded mercury level and that for the level of 5% mercury more. 5. In case of the recommanded mercury content, there wasn't much difference in surface roughness for the types of amalgam alloys.
홍경호,김철우,서희돈 嶺南大學校工業技術硏究所 1992 연구보고 Vol.20 No.2
Multiplier is a very important arithmetic component which performs an essential function in many digital computing systems. In this paper, the flush multiplier is proposed, which each data bit is come in serially is multiplied by coefficient bits, and is capable of k-bits production in k clocks. The proposed multipliers are able to perform the parallel multiplication fast and area-efficiently, and they are faster then the parallel multiplier using some algorithm which has been known as very fast algorithm.
김명철,변홍섭,박명호,박종오,김종만 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1997 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-
This study was performed to determine the ultrasonographic appearance of the reticulum in the cattle according to the intake of foreign body. Metal balls, magnets, gravels and rubber were administered to a 13 months old female Korean native cattle. After foreign bodies in the reticulum were ascertained, foreign bodies were observed by ultrasonography. The ultrasonographic values in this study can be used as reference for the diagnosis of foreign body of the reculum in cattle.
국가대표 400 m 허들선수의 기능에 관한 역학적 비교분석
황홍철 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3
The angle of hurdling An angle At the begining part of the game, (take off), Shan has got lower points due to not enough angle of his hip (160.8, 163.3 : 176.3, 175.1) and knee (51.8, 87.8 : 80.4, 79.4) even though he has taller height Shon has bent his body position too much, which reduced his speed of hurdling when attacking, both of two player, Hwang and Shon hadn't made a big difference and had showed pretty much stable body position Hwang hadn't utilized his angle of knee at the fifth hurdle, However Shon had represented a nice angle of hurdling. At the 'Dip Part' Shon had higher angle, which is 13.1. This had connected to the jump movement. It'd be more effective if you bent you waist and decreased dip angle and hip angle to increase the inertia speed. At the part of Touch Down which is the last part of the hurdling process to be combined with the speedy running. The angle of hip and knee is very important. As far as an hip angle, both of the player, Hwang. The body balance As a result of research through two player's the forth and fifth average body center position, compared to Hwang, Shon performed 5.6 degree of an angle at the take off part, attack part 4.7 degree of an angle. and had showed 2 degree lower at the touch down part. At the dip part had recorded higher by 3.1 degree when taking off and attacking that require you to increase you speed, Shon had the lower body center, the reason is Shon had a hard time combining his speed with hurdling and he has a tendency to make a short pause right in front of each hurdle in order to move on to the next jump. At the dip part Shon needed to bend his waist more to decrease the stay in the air time when hurdling, At the touch down part Shon's knee angle has been bent that caused a trouble to move onto the next speedy running position after hurdling part. Shon is required to make up for the week points. The body balance and speed As a result of both players, Hwang and Shon, the average declination result of hurding body center speed, at the take-off part (499.2), attack (422.2) Dip 384.6, touch down 313.4 Shon had showed lower points. Hwang had showed the fastest center speed during take-off part and when attacking, meanwhile Shon did during touch-down part and dip part Hwang has a great ability to combine the fastes speed with hurdling, however Shon has a trouble with connecting speedy running to hurdling and taking advantage of inertia speed. This explains why Hwang has performed a faster hurdling at the beginning part, meanwhile Shon is fater at the last part of the hurdling. Hwnag has a tendency to utilize his speedy running at the beginning part of 400M hurdle (from the first hurdle to the fifth hurdle), but Shon had a habit of not making a difference between the beginning part and the ending part of hurdling, that's why Shon had recorded slower body center speed than that of Hwang. (reference the picture 7.8) Shon needs to increase the speed at the beginning and to train to be strong with staying power at the ending part of the hurdling. As a whole, based on the research on the angle and the speed of Hwang and Shan, Shon didn't apply an angle to the hurdling, meanwhile Hwang takes advantage of inertia speed combined an angle with the speed. Suggestion Based on the research materials of the degreee of an angle of hurdling, the movement from up and down of the body balance and body center speed. These theories should be applied to Shon for him to contribute Korea track field of sports by complementing his good points and week points.
3종 페라이트/고무 복합형 전파흡수체에 있어서 재료정수의 주파수 의존성
김철한,전홍배,유영준,사공건 東亞大學校 1999 東亞論叢 Vol.36 No.-
In this study, ferrite/rubber composite specimens have prepared by molding and curing the mixture of matrix silicon rubber and three kinds of filler particle Mn-Zn/Ni-Zn/Ni₂Y ferrite which are synthesized by the coprecipitation mehtod. The mixing ratio of three kinds of ferrite filler paticle gave variety to adjust the material constant of composite microwave absorbers. Material constants of composite specimens were calculated from the measured variables(s-parameter) over the frequency range from 1 to 12 GHz by means of Network Analyzer(HP8722D) with a co-axial type air line. The reflection loss was calculated from material constants on the impedance matching map utilizing simplex method. By chaging mixing ratio of three kinds of ferrite filler particle, the frequency range over than 20dB were relatively broaden and maximum reflection loss were remarkably reduced to others specimens excepted specimen D. Finally, it could make microwave absorber to be used for C-band frequency range.