학교운영위원회의 적합성 평가

최송진,정회욱 木浦大學校敎育硏究所 2005 교육연구 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구에서는 관련 자료와 문헌의 검토를 통해 학교운영위원회 제도 도입의 취지 및 배경을 분석하여 법적 평가준거를 마련하고, 평가준거에 대비하여 학교윤영위원회의 적합성을 평가하고 개선방안을 모색하는데 목직이 있다. 연구자는 문헌고찰을 통하여 학교운영위원회의 적합성 평가 준거를 설정하였다. 학운위의 적합성에 대한 평가는 학운위라는 하위 조직을 관장하는 상위 규정의 적합성을 중심으로 하는 외적 준거와 학운위 자체의 구성과 기능을 중심으로 하는 내적 준거의 두 가지로 나누어 볼 수 있다.연구결과 내적 준거 면에서나 외적 준거 면 모두 적합성ㅇ 있어서 부족하다는 평가가 나왔다. 학교운영위원회의 적합성 향상을 위해서는 외적으로는 단위학교로의 실질적인 권한 위임·위양이 이루어져야 할 뿐 아니라 내적으로는 단위학교 구성원들 간의 권한 공유 또한 이루어져야 할 것이다. The aim of this study was to prepare plans to improve the quality of the operation of school governing committees by analyzing actual conditions of the basic objectives and composition, management, functions of school governing committees. to fulfill the goal of the present study, a review of relevant literature and surveys and in-depth interviews of council members were carried out. The specific content of this study are as follows: The first step was to ascertain actual conditions of school governing committees. The results of the present study can be summarized as follows. First, due to difficulties in finding members for the school governing committees, an issue of the extension of terms for the committee was considered However, the current term of one yeat turned out to be good because parents were willing to cooperate and focus completely on the education of their children during the one year period. Second, setting up committees is absolutely required after initial organization of the school council. It is hoped that other small-sized school will accept this recommendation. third, the analyses showed that it was premature to have a student representative as a member of a school council, but nevertheless, it was necessary to organize a school council. Fourth, following the composition of a school council, it was required that a chairperson be selected among its members. At the same time, it become apparent that the majority of members believed that a chairperson should be selected from among parents delegates of a district. According to council members, education experts from other regions and public administration officials should not be eligible for the position of chairperson. Fifth, the minimum number of school council meetings should be set, Also, to activate the council, a free management system (centering around the school principal for the responsible management of a school unit) should be established. Sixth, the school council should be established and its operating period should be set in accordance with the period of the school budget and curriculum. The council meetings should be scheduled for no earlier than 3:00 p.m. so as not to disturb the operation of the school and the staff, faculty, and student of the school development, but the parents and students felt deeply about a need to discuss funds fo such things as school uniforms, gyn suits, camping and school excursions. The following plan are proposed to improve the current state of the management of school governing committees: first, providing meals or traveling expenses after school council meetings can be implemented as long as the school budget allows, although it is difficult to standardize this procedure for all schools. second, since the indirect election of the superintendent and members of a board of education has many side effects, direct election by residents should be implemented. Third, the meetings of school council should take place in public so as to maintain a basic democratic principle and transparency. Fourth. the participation of members from certain political parties in a school council should be avoided because as this may be often incompatible with school council and counter productive to basic educational processed and objectives.

교원의 노동조합 설립 및 운영 등에 관한 법률과 교원노조 활동에 대한 교원의 인식 연구

정회욱,송정우 木浦大學校 敎育硏究所 2004 교육연구 Vol.16/17 No.-

이 연구는 교원의 노동조합 설립 및 운영 등에 관한 법률과 교원노조 활동에 대한 교원의 인식 연구이다. 본 연구에 따르면, 다수의 교사들은 다음과 같이 인식하고 있다. 교원들의 쟁의행위 허용 주장은 「정상적인 업무를 저해하지 않는」 집단행동 허용을 원하고 있기 때문에 법리적으로는 노조법상 쟁의행위가 아닌 국가공무원법 또는 교육공무원법상 단체행동 허용을 의미한다. 교원노조법에 단체 교섭의 대상에 대한 명문의 규정이 없으므로 인사제도, 교육정책·교육과정에 관한 사항이라고 하더라도 교원의 고용과 밀접불가분의 관계가 있는 사항은 단체교섭의 대상이 되어야 한다. 교원노조의 단체협약은 조합원에게만 적용되는 것이 협약의 본래의 성격이나 사용자가 형평성의 원리에 입각하여 임의로 비조합원에게도 적용하기 때문에 교원노조는 단체협약 체결에서 전체교사의 의견을 반드시 수렴하여야 한다. 그리고 교원노조의 가장 중요한 과제는 이념투쟁이 아니라 단체교섭을 통한 현장교육문제의 해결이라는 의견이 지배적이었다. This study has analysed the teacher's understanding of the 'Law for the Teacher's Union, activities and collective bargaining and showed their claims for the desirable activities from Korean Teachers and Educational Workers' Union. This study proposed studying assignments to achieve this kind of studying purpose as follows. First, how do the teachers think of 'Law for the Teacher's Union' and what's its problem? Second, how do the teachers think of teachers' union system and what's its improvement? The sample of this study was 342 teachers who work at an elementary, middle and high schools in Tae-baek City, Kang-won Province. Of 342 questionnaires distributed, 308 were returned (response rate was 90.1%), but of 308 questionnaires unreliable 18 were exempt from the application of these samples. This questionnaire data were composed of 32 questions. This statistical methods for data processing were frequencies analysis and Chi-sqare tests by SPSS to find a correlation between individual variation and each questions. This study was analysed as p<.05 within a significant level The conclusion that resulted from the data analysis were as follow. First, the admission of teachers' union of school unit should be decided through full discussion and profound debate, but in reality, the establishment of school unit is impossible because of conflict problems among the teachers' position Second, the permission of both a collective action and political activities of Korean Teachers and Educational Workers' Union also has to be profoundly discussed because it can be different from teachers' position, their career, or a member of union whether or not. If it is permissible, its permission should only be approved within its limit without a bad influence on study right and teaching-learning, therefore such results are undesirable. Third, according to the law now in force, agenda of collective bargaining is subjected to restriction in elevation of economical and social position of teacher. In spite of being an educational policy now, however, it is necessary for the teachers to expand that as the agenda of collective bargaining as to employment. The dual collective bargaining system of KTEU(Korean Teachers and Educational Workers' Union) and KFTA(Korean Federation of Teachers' Associations) can have an effect of checks and balances. Fourth, a member of union has to act within the limit of the law and manager should reciprocally endeavor to form democratical administration because a conflict between manager and a member of union in school causes a schism between two parts. Finally, collective agreement between the superintendent of education and teachers' union should be entered into an agreement through procedures of collecting sufficient public opinion. the problem which confronts teachers' union should try to find a solution to the problem without being split in teachers' profession. Moreover teachers' union should be in search of a better solution. It is necessary for pressure group, and to act through playing careful attention to the tends of public opinion and policy-making.

구미지역 상설시장의 유통업 현황분석 및 활성화 방안

신호균,김정태,송종호 한국의사결정학회 2002 경영과학연구 Vol.11 No.-

Due to a great difficulty of permanent market with the advent of great discount stores and foreign distributors, this paper is to analyze the current situation and to present suggestions for the development of the permanent market Gumi. To achieve the objective, a field study has been conducted using the questionaires for the consumers and the interviews with the merchants of the 5 major permanent markets in Gumi area. The study is based on the pilot study by civil servants and the representatives of the merchants. Considering the problems the permanent market in Gumi it is suggested that we approach not from the viewpoint of competitive relationship but from that of mutually cooperative relationship. Then, the distribution industry will be able to enhance the life quality of citizen and develop regional community.

마이크로파 여기 플라즈마광 생성을 위한 도파관 시스템 설계에 관한 연구

전상재,전후동,송창현,하석영,이승혁,이태호,박의준 금오공과대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In this paper, the plasma lighting system(PLS) excited by the commercial high power magnetron is developed. The design concepts are based on maximizing the huninous efficacy in conjunction with the miniaturization of waveguide system Furthermore the fine tuning is simplified by using only one stub, and the impedance matching is maximized by introducing the tapering technique. The experimental results show that the luminous efficacy can be dramatically improved by the proposed design method.

Value of Utilizing Both Aspects and CT Angiography Collateral Score for Outcome Prediction in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Song, Dongbeom,Lee, Kijeong,Kim, Eun Hye,Kim, Young Dae,Kim, Jinkwon,Song, Tae-Jin,Lee, Hye Sun,Nam, Hyo Suk,Heo, Ji Hoe SAGE Publications 2015 International journal of stroke Vol.10 No.7

<P>Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) represents the extent of irreversibly damaged tissue; while CT angiography collateral score (CTA-CS) denotes the degree of collaterals.</P>

OsPT transgenic rice with enhanced ability of uptake phosphate from soil

Hoe Jeong Wang,Dong Soo Park,Soo Kwon Park,Sang Min Kim,Woon Ha Hwang,Norvie L. Manigbas,Doh Hoon Kim,Song Yi Song,Min Hee Nam,Hang Won Kang,Gi Hwan Yi 한국육종학회 2009 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.41 No.1

Comparison of the Muscle Activity of Lumbar Stabilizers Between Stoop and Semi-Squat Lifting Techniques at Different Lifting Loads

( Hoe Song Yang ),( Oh Yun Kwon ),( Yeop Seop Lee ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2012 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This study was performed to compare the muscle activity of lumbar stabilizers between stoop and semi-squat lifting techniques at different lifting loads. Twenty healthy subjects (9 males, 11 females) were recruited for this study. Muscle activity of external obliques (EO), internal obliques (IO) and lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle was measured by surface electromyography during stoop and semi-squat lifting at different lifting loads (10%, 20%, and 30% of the subject`s body weight). A one-way repeated measure ANOVA was applied. The results showed that EMG activity of EO was significantly increased with a load of 30% of body weight compared to 10% and 20% of body weight in both lifting techniques (p<.05). Muscle activity of LM was significantly increased in 20% compared to 10% and 30% compared to 10% of subject`s body weight in stoop lifting and the muscle activity of LM was significantly increased in 20% compared to 10%, 30% compared to 20%, and 30% compared to 10% of the subject`s body weight in semi-squat lifting (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in activity of IO according to lifting loads in both lifting techniques. There were no significant differences in muscle activity of EO, IO, and LM between stoop and semi-squat technique (p>.05). Therefore, the results of this study suggested that the EO can contribute to increase the lumbar stability during stoop and semi-squat lifting at 30% of body weight rather than at lower loads, and the LM seems to act as counteractor to imposed loads during stoop and semi-squat lifting with increasing loads.

파우스트의 ‘비극’과 ‘구원’

송성회 ( Song¸ Sung-hoe ) 한국독일어문학회 2020 독일어문학 Vol.91 No.-

괴테의 『파우스트. 비극』의 난해성은 익히 알려져 있다. 그 난해성은 ‘비극’의 주인공 파우스트가 결말에 ‘구원’을 받는다는 점 때문에 배가된다. 이 논문에서는 주인공 파우스트의 ‘비극’적인 생애와 그의 ‘구원’이 하나의 틀 안에서도 이해할 수 있음을 보이고자 한다. 파우스트는 ‘하느님의 은총’을 통해 ‘주님의 종‘으로 선택 받은 인간이다. 하느님의 모상으로서 모든 방면에서 인간의 한계를 벗어나 하느님을 닮고자 하는 인간 파우스트의 노력은 여러 가지 오류를 초래한다. 그 결과 파우스트의 삶은 ‘비극’으로 얼룩진다. 그러나 오류를 범하면서도 파우스트는 ‘더욱 더 고귀해지고 더욱 더 순수해지려는 활동’을 멈추지 않았다. 이렇게 ‘하느님의 은총’과 ‘자신의 힘’이라는 두 가지 구원의 조건을 충족시킨 파우스트는 죽은 뒤에 ‘구원’의 길을 걷는다. 주님의 구원계획을 전혀 모르는 ‘초인’ 파우스트가 지상에서 영위한 삶을 ‘비극’으로 처리함으로써 괴테는 자신의 ‘문학적인 의도’가 ‘근대인의 초인적인 노력 대부분이 잘못된 것임을 암시하는 것’임을 드러냈다. 또한 괴테는 파우스트가 결말에서 구원의 길을 가는 것으로 처리함으로써 ‘비극’으로 점철된 삶을 영위한 자라고 해도 그 가능성을 토대로 하여 ‘구원’을 받을 수도 있다는 비교적 너그러운 종교관을 제시했다. Die Unbegreiflichkeit von Goethes Faust ist weithin bekannt. Sie wird dadurch vergrößert, dass Faust, der Held von einer Tragödie, am Ende erlöst wird. In der vorliegenden Abhandlung soll gezeigt werden, dass die Tragödie und die Erlösung des Heldens beide auch zusammenhängend begreiflich gemacht werden können. Faust ist ein Mensch, der von Gott als sein Knecht auserwählt worden ist. Mehrere Verirrungen werden durch Fausts Streben verursacht, der als der Gottheit Ebenbild allenthalben der Gottheit ähnlich zu machen. Daher wird Fausts Leben von mehreren Tragödien heimgesuscht. Faust fährt ununterbrochen damit fort, sich immer ehrwürdiger und reiner machen zu wollen, um die beiden Bedingungen für seine Erlösung zu erfüllen. Auch nach seinem Tod beschreitet er weiterhin den Weg der Erlösung. Das irdische Leben von Faust als einem Übermenschen gestaltet Goethe als eine Tragödie und demonstriert dadurch, dass seine poetische Absicht eine Anspielung auf die Falschheit der meisten Bemühungen der modernen Menschen ist. Zugleich wird die Erlösung von der Tragödie Helden Faust gestaltet und dadurch eine großmütigere Religionsanschauung vermittelt.

비특이성 요통에 대한 물리치료 효과의 문헌 고찰

양회송(Hoe-Song Yang),김성중(Sung-Joong Kim),이형수(Hyoung-Soo Kim) 한국코칭능력개발원 2005 코칭능력개발지 Vol.7 No.1

작은가슴근의 단축이 등세모근과 큰가슴근의 근 활성도에 미치는 영향

양회송 ( Hoe Song Yang ),배세현 ( Se Hyeon Bae ) 대한통합의학회 2013 대한통합의학회지 Vol.1 No.4

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the length of the pectoralis minor on muscle activity of trapezius and pectoralis major in subjects in subjects with shortened pectoralis minor muscle. METHOD: The subjects was participated in 36 with shortened pectoralis minor muscle. All subjects was examined the length test of pectoralis minor muscle. we divided by 3 groups. group Ⅰ(n=12) was for 4∼5cm of length of pectoralis minor muscle, group Ⅱ(n=12) was for 5∼6cm, group Ⅲ(n=12) was for above 6cm. The EMG activity of upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius and pectoralis major muscle activity was measured by surface EMG while elevationg the right arm in sitting postion with head to the neutral, shoulder elevation 135° with scaption. Data were analyed using one-way ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test. RESULT: The EMG activity differed significantly among the three groups(p<.05). The group Ⅲ had significantly greater EMG activity of upper trapezius and pectoralis major muscles than group Ⅰ and Ⅱ(p<.05). Also, The group Ⅲ had significantly smaller EMG activity of lower trapezius muscle than group Ⅰ and Ⅱ(p<.05). But, these was no significant difference in the EMG activity of the middle trapezius muscle among the groups (p.05). CONCLUSION: Therefore, the result of this study should be suggested that the shortened pectoralis minor muscle was affected the EMG activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius and pectoralis major. Ultimately the length of the pectoralis minor muscle leads to the muscle imbalance in shoulder girdle.