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경정배양에 의한 카네이션(Dianthus caryophyllus L.)의 기내증식과 순화
양회형,조경철,김광수,황인택 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1999 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.34 No.-
본 실험은 카네이션의 경정배양을 통한 기내증식체계를 확립하고 기내증식과정 중 발생하는 투명묘의 발생을 억제하기 위하여 실시하였으며, 발근과 순화과정을 통합함으로써 그에 따르는 경비와 노동력을 절감할 수 있는 방안을 마련하는 한편, 기내에서 얻은 묘를 직접 재배에 이용할 수 있는 방법을 개발하기 위하여 실시하였다. 경정배양에서 생존율은 Benzyladenine (BA) 또는 Kinetin (KI) 0.1㎎/ℓ 첨가한 모든 배지에서 80%이상이었으나 그 이상의 농도에서는 농도가 증가할수록 생존율이 감소하였으며, Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 또는 Indoleacetic acid (LAA) 0.1㎎/ℓ 혼합첨가시에는 2.0㎎/ℓ까지는 농도에 관계없이 모든 처리구에서 생존율이 75%이상이었다. 경정배양에서 얻은 신초의 증식배양에서 LAA나 NAA의 첨가에 관계없이 KI보다 BA를 첨가하면 신초발육이 더 좋았다. MS배지의 무기염류를 4배로 첨가한 4MS배지에서는 신초가 모두 고사하였고, 1 MS배지에서 신초의 발육이 가장 좋았다. Sucrose 무첨가 배지에서 신초의 발육이 가장 좋았다. Sucrose 무첨가 배지에서 신초의 발육은 거의 이루어지지 않았고, sucrose 20㎎/ℓ첨가배지에서 신초의 발육이 가장 좋았다. 한천보다 겔라이트 첨가배지에서 신초의 발육이 좋았다. 배지 pH는 5.0에서 신초의 발육이 가장 양호하였다. 투명화묘의 발생은 경정배양과 계대배양 전과정에서 발생하였고, 한천 또는 겔라이트의 농도를 높여주었을때에 억제되었다. 발근 및 순화단계에서 신초의 발육과 근형성은 sand, vermiculite배지에서 보다 perlite배지에서 더 좋았다. This study was carried out to establish a system for clonal multiplication and preventing vitrification in shoot tip culture of carnation. Combining the two steps of rooting and acclimatization, it may possibly reduce the cost and save the labor for clonal propagation. In addition, the plantlets raised by this one step rooting and acclimatization could be directly transferred to soil. The survival rate was over 80% in the media containing 0.1㎎/ℓ benzyl-adenin (BA) or kinetin (KI), but decreased as the concentration increased. When auxins were added in combination with cytokinins, the survival rate was over 75% regardless of the cytokinin concentration up to 2.0㎎/ℓ. When the in vitro shoots were subcultured, shoot development was better in the media containing BA than those containing KI regardless of addition of indoleacetic acid (LAA) of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Shoot development was the best in the standard MS medium(1xMS), while all the shoots on the medium containing 4 times the inorganic salts of MS medium(4xMS) died. Shoot development in MS medium free of sugar was not noticed. The MS medium containing 20g/ℓsucrose resulted in the best shoot growth. Shoot development was better on the media containing gelrite than those containing agar. The MS medium at pH 5.0 favored the shoot development. Vitrification of shoots occurred during the initial shoot culture as well as during the subculture of the in vitro shoots, but it was suppressed when the concentration of gelrite or agar in the media was increased. As the substrate for rooting and acclimatization of the in vitro shoots, perlite was better than sand or vermiculite.
寄會元 木浦海洋大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.2 No.1
By the enforcement of Uruguay Round 1993. our national policy for shipping should be changed from the protectionism of Waiver system to the Liberalism and be opened to international competition of shipping. While the shipping industries of Korea have weak point in capital and financial structure new alternatives for shipping policy should be developed to be competitive in the international shipping. To save the most important strategic cost factor in th management of ship, capital and crew cost, the following political alternatives are suggested. 1) Improve the system of ship building and purchasing. 2) Develop the subsides of shipping taxes. 3) Promote the motivation of Korean seamen.
소련의 소비에트제의 개혁 : 1988년 헌법개정을 중심으로 the Constitutional Revison of 1988
도회근 울산대학교 1991 사회과학논집 Vol.1 No.2
브레즈네프 시대 이후 소련의 소비에트는 차츰 그 지위와 역할을 회복하였다. 고프바초프가 집권한 이후 페레스트로이카 정책은 소비에트제에 대하여도 큰 변화를 야기하였다. 그 정치개혁의 중심은 소비에트제의 개혁으로 나타났는데 1988년의 헌법개정은 바로 이를 반영한 것이었다. 비록 연방최고소비에트 의장에게 막강한 권한이 부여되는 하였으나 소비에트 기구에 실질적인 권한과 중점이 주어짐으로써 국가권력의 최고기관이며 인민의 대표기관인 소비에트 기구의 지위가 크게 향상되었던 것이다. 이 지위는 1990년의 대통령제 헌법개정으로 다시 위축되지만, 짧은 기간동안 소련의 소비에트제는 소비에트 의회주의의 발전의 중요한 토대가 되었다고 할 수 있다. After Breznhev era, the Soviets of the USSR have recovered their status and role more and more. Since Gorbachev seized political power, his Perestroika policy made a great change in the Soviet system. The center of political reform of Perestroika was the reform of the Soviet system, which brought about the Constitutional revision of 1988. Although the Constitution gave strong powers to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, it also gave the Soviet organs the substantive constitutional powers, and the status of the Soviet organs was risen largely as the highest bodies of state power and the representative bodies of the people. The Constitutional revision of 1990, which introduced the presidential system, reduced vitality of the Soviet system more or less, but I think that the Soviet system of that time founded a important base of the development of the Soviet parliamentarism.
하회영 인제대학교 1994 仁濟論叢 Vol.10 No.1
The EM algorithm, in a particular form, can be reading applied to a ierarchy to yield a comceptually straightforward. We are concerned with speeding up the convergence of the EM algorithm for Bayesian stimation of variance components in hierarchical structures by SEM algorithm.
김회영 민족음악학회 2001 음악과 민족 Vol.21 No.-
As a desert is nothing but a useless land in one side, but it is also a valuable land which has lots of underground resources on the other side. Esthetical inside of atonal of atonality disposition has a artistic beauty which belong to different dimension of the spiritual eye(心眼) and spiritual ear(心耳). It is same as 'symmetry of unsymmetry' or 'balance of unbalance', and it also means that the thing cannot be seen as we try to see it(觀而不見) and cannot be heard as we try to hear it(聽而不聞). All the elements of esthetical beauty is also unified into 'the beauty of Golden Ratio', as everything is reduced to one. This thesis analogizes such esthetical beauty by the fundamental principle of "0.618" (Ex.4) which is based on the studies of the Korean's favour of white light and their creative consciousness, and the variation and order of four season; Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter. Korean likes white color more than any other colors and they have traditional thought that nature is taken as it is. Studies of "0.618" (Ex.4) and 'the beauty of unsymmetry' are also regarded as one of atonality-method which is revived by creative law of God, the Creator. As the picture is the silent music, the ridges of winding, high and low mountains make a line(curved line) and the line makes a music which is the Korean arts using every live of things. The elements of the plastic space represent the atonality music which is an art of time and the movable calligraphy, that is a series of flowing connected to 'mountain ranges to mountain ranges', 'mind to mind', and 'line to line', tell about the Korean spirit of art. The progress of all of the universal things changes by antithetical indispensability in nature phenomenon(物極必反). The composition method of the beauty of unsymmetry, and 'the beauty of unbalance' are found more than that of 'the beauty of balance', central idea which is called 'a-b-a' in the atonality music. In case of Ex.5, 7, 8, 9, 10, it is available to the representation of mental images of calligraphy. As I mention it in my studies, a general problem of most contemporary artists is a spiritual poverty resulted by material richness. For this reason, this thesis is one of an effort to get over such spiritual poverty, Physical method would be worried to reduce the beauty of pure art according to Taegae's theory principles of the noumenon(理氣). So I concentrate more in this study on the metaphysical side of music, because the physical one decrease the pure artistic beauty.
Testosterone에 의한 승홍의 신독성 유발에 의한 연구
김회영,허근,김석환,최종원 東亞大學校 附設 生活科學硏究所 1993 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.1 No.-
Mercuric chloride, inorganic compound, is one of the most important drugs that has been used in the field of argriculture, antisyphilitica and anticeptics, but it is not used clinically at present. We have studied the effect of testosterone on the mercuric chlorideinduced nephrotoxicity. Renal lipid peroxide concentration of male rat treated with mercuric chloride was significantly increased in comparison with that of the female rat, it showed similar effects on testosterone pretreatment. Changes in renal catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not siginificantly different in testosterone-treated groups. But, renal xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase activities of testrosterone-treated group given mercuric chloride significantly increased in comparison with that of the testosterone-treated alone. Animals treated with testosterone prior to mercuric chloride showed more severe damage on histological observations than those treated with testosterone only. Consequently, we suggest that the mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity might be renal lipid peroxide generating enzyme system by testosterone.
도회근 울산대학교 1996 사회과학논집 Vol.6 No.2
미국의 state action 이론은 헌법을 사인간의 관계에 적용하기 위하여 판례를 통하여 발전된 이론이지만, 최근에는 적용범위가 제한되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 공법인 헌법은 원칙적으로 사인간에는 적용되지 않지만, 예외적으로 사법의 일반조항을 통하여 간접 적용된다고 보고 있다. 이 글에서는 미국의 state action 이론의 성립과정과 내용을 살펴보고, 우리나라에도 이 이론이 적용가능한가를 알아보기 위하여 미국판례에서 나타난 사례들을 우리나라 상황에서 재해석하여 보았다. 우리나라는 미국과 달리 공법과 사법의 구별이 분명하고, 위헌법률심사제도 및 각종 소송제도도 다르며, 노동·경제·남녀평등 문제 등에 관한 단행법률들이 제정·시행되고 있으므로, state action 이론을 적용할 수 있는 가능성은 매우 작으며, 기존의 다수설에 따라 간접적용설이 더 타당하다고 생각된다. State action doctrine is developed through the Court decisions in the U.S.A. in order to apply the constitutional law to relationship between private persons, but in recent days it is applied limitedly. In Korea, the constitutional law is a public law. So it is, as a rule, not applied to private relations. But exceptionally it is applied indirectly through the general provisions of civil law. I study the history and content of state action doctrine and reinterprete the state action cases of the U.S.A. in Korean context to find out applicability of the doctrine to Korea. In Korea, differently in the U.S.A., there are a sharp distinction between public and private law, different litigation systems, and various statutes on labor, economy and equal protection of women. Therefore applicability of the doctrine to Korean cases seems very low, and I thought the indirect application theory more appropriate that majority of Korean scholars support.
도회근 울산대학교 1998 사회과학논집 Vol.8 No.1
최근 급증하는 북한이탈주민에 대한 문제를 효과적으로 대처하기 위하여 1997년 7월부터 과거 시행중이던 「귀순북한동포보호법」을 대체하는 새로운 「북한이탈주민의 보호 및 정착지원에 관한 법률」이 시행되고 있다. 이 법률은 북한이탈주민의 보호ㆍ지원업무를 원칙적으로 통일원이 주도하도록 하며, 보호지원시설 및 제도를 체계화하고 다양한 형식의 간접지원방식을 강화하였다. 이 법이 과거법률에 비해 개선되기는 하였으나 몇가지 문제점을 드러내고 있다. 즉, 이 법에는 북한이탈주민의 법적 지위에 관한 명확한 규정이 없고, 중국ㆍ러시아 등에 흩어져 있는 수많은 북한이탈주민에 대한 대비나 배려가 미흡하며, 대량탈북이라는 긴급사태에 대한 대비책이 전혀 없다. 또한 보건복지부 등 타부처와의 상호협조연계체제가 미흡하며, 지방자치단체 및 민간시민ㆍ종교단체 등과의 지원협조체제와 비용지원방법 등이 불확실하다. 이 법률의 수정보완과 함께 장기적으로는 통일정책과 연관시켜 법제를 정비할 필요가 있다. 그리고 법을 시행해 나가면서 더욱 효과적인 교육 및 보호ㆍ정착지원 프로그램을 지속적으로 연구ㆍ개발하는 것도 필요하다. A new 'Law on the Protection of and Resettlement Support to the North-Korean Refugees' is in force July 1997. New law is more systemized and its contents is more various and effective than the past laws. But this new law has some problems. Those are as follows; There is no definite provision on the legal status of the North-Korean refugees, no concerns about the North-Korean refugees lived in China and Russia, few preparation for an outbreaking of North-Korean refugees on a large scale, and no way how to raise a fund needed to resettlement support. It is needed that this law should be revised and reorganized in connection with the reunification policy, and that more effective program for education, protection and resettlement support should be studied and developed continuously.
도회근 울산대학교 1998 사회과학논집 Vol.8 No.2
낙태규제에 관한 미국연방대법원의 판례는 Roe v. Wade 사건(1973), Webster v. Reproductive Health Services 사건(1989), Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey 사건(1992)의 3단계를 거쳐 형성되었다. Roe v. Wade 판례가 나온 이후 미국 학계에서는 낙태규제에 대한 헌법학적인 대립이 심각하게 전개되었다. Ely, Bork, Tribe 등 미국 헌법학을 대표하는 학자들이 가담하고 있는 이 논쟁은 단순히 낙태의 권리가 헌법상의 권리인가 아닌가 하는 문제를 넘어서서 헌법해석에 관한 주석주의 대 비주석주의라는 헌법철학적 대립이 뒷받침하고 있다. 현재 판례와 다수학설은 비주석주의의 입장에서 여성의 낙태의 권리를 헌법상 보장된 근본적 권리로 보고 있는데 이 태도는 태아를 인간이 아닌 다른 어떤 존재로 전락시킴으로써 태아의 생명권을 무의미하게 하는 결정적인 단점을 드러내고 있다. 이는 미국 특유의 자유주의적이고 프라그마틱한 사상의 소산이어서, 우리나라에서 낙태규제 입법정책을 정립할 때 이를 받아들이기에 부적절한 측면이 많다고 생각한다. Decisions of the Supreme Court of the U.S.A. on abortion regulation are made throughthree cases, Roe v. Wade(1973), Webster v. Reproductive Health Services(1989) and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey(1992). Since Roe v. Wade decision, there are serious debates on abortion regulation in the American academic society of constitutional law. Ely, Bork and Tribe who are famous American constitutional law scholars participate in this debate. In the debate there is constitutional philosophical clash, between interpretivism and noninterpretivism about interpretation of constitution, beyond the question that the right of abortion is a constitutional right or not. Now the Supreme Court and majority of scholars of the U.S.A. recognize a right of abortion of woman as a constitutional fundamental right. But this view has a fatal defect that the fetus is not a person but another living thing, so right to life of the fetus becomes meaningless. This view comes from the liberalistic and pragmatic thought of America. Therefore it seems incompatible to accept in policy making process on our abortion regulation.