H₂O₂로 산화적 스트레스가 유도된 각질 형성 세포에서 흑삼 추출물의 항노화 효과

안소희(So Hee Ahn),이계원(Gye Won Lee),권득상(Deuk Sang Kwon),신현중(Hyun Joong Shin),조영호(Young Ho Cho) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.10

본 연구에서는 95°C에서 6번 증숙하여 제조한 흑삼 추출물의 항산화 활성과 피부세포에서 산화적 스트레스로부터 보호 효과를 확인하고, 항산화 효소 발현, 주름개선 및 보습관련 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 흑삼 추출물(BGE-A6)의 항산화 활성을 평가하기 위하여 DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion 라디칼 소거 활성 및 환원력을 측정하였다. 그 결과 증숙 후 흑삼 추출물이 증숙 전에 비하여 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 4배, ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 5배 정도 항산화 활성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 피부 각질 형성 세포에서 산화적 스트레스로부터 BGE-A6의 세포보호 효과를 측정하기 위하여 BGE-A6를 1시간 전처리하고 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 6시간 동안 처리하여 분석한 결과, H₂O₂ 처리로 증가된 ROS 생성이 BGE-A6를 100 μg/mL 농도로 처리한 경우 약 40% 정도 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, BGE-A6의 ROS 소거 효과를 규명하기 위하여 세포 내 존재하는 항산화 효소의 발현량을 western blot으로 평가한 결과 H₂O₂에 의해 유도된 산화 스트레스로부터 감소된 항산화 효소(HO-1, CAT, SOD)의 발현을 농도 의존적으로 회복시켰다. 또한, BGE-A6의 주름 개선 효과를 확인하기 위하여 콜라겐 발현 및 MMP-1 발현 억제 정도를 ELISA와 western blot으로 측정한 결과 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 처리하였을 때 감소된 콜라겐 생성량이 BGE-A6를 100 μg/mL 농도로 처리할 경우 H₂O₂ 처리에 의해 감소된 콜라겐 생성량을 약 20% 정도 회복시키는 것으로 확인되었다(P<0.05). 0.5 mM H₂O₂를 처리하였을 때 증가된 MMP-1의 생성이 BGE-A6 처리 시 농도 의존적으로 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. BGE-A6의 피부보습 관련 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 western blot으로 측정한 결과 HAS2와 AQP3 발현량 및 EGFR의 인산화를 처리 시 농도 의존적으로 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 피부세포에 H₂O₂를 처리하여 산화적 스트레스를 유도하였을 때 BGE-A6는 항산화 효소의 발현을 통해 세포보호 효과를 나타내고, AQP3, HAS2 및 콜라겐 단백질의 발현은 증가시키고 MMP-1의 발현을 감소시켜 피부보습 및 피부장벽 기능을 유지하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한, AQP3의 증가는 피부조직 및 피부세포막에 발현되는 EGF 수용체의 인산화를 증가시킴으로써 피부 건조에 대한 보호 효과도 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 흑삼 추출물은 항산화 효과, 피부보습 및 장벽기능 유지를 통한 항노화 화장품 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. In this study, black ginseng extract steamed six times at 95°C (BGE-A6) was evaluated for its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and skin moisturizing effects in human keratinocytes. When steamed six times at 95°C, the content of total ginsenosides including minor ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh4, Rk1, and Rg5) was the highest at 14.97 mg/g. The antioxidant properties of BGE-A6 were measured by using different in vitro antioxidant assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ABTS), and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity of BGE-A6 was increased in a dose-dependent manner. A 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay and a western blot assay were performed to verify the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity of BGE-A6 in H₂O₂-induced human keratinocytes. Pretreatment with 100 μg/mL of BGE-A6 inhibited intracellular ROS production by about 40%. Also, the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), very well-known as antioxidant enzymes, was increased by BGE-A6 in a dose-dependent manner. BGE-A6 was shown to significantly inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and increase the production of type I collagen, thus confirming its anti-wrinkle activity (P<0.05). Furthermore, BGE-A6 significantly increased the phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and the expression of moisturizing proteins, such as hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3), indicating that it is effective in enhancing skin hydration. The results of this study suggest that BGE-A6 has potential for use as an effective compound in anti-aging cosmetics to address wrinkle formation and skin hydration.

한국인 두피의 조직학적 층에 관한 형태계측학적 연구

서중석,김대중,김호덕,라봉진 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.4

소매유통업의 CRM 도입성과에 관한 연구 : CRM Scorecard를 이용한 CRM 성과측정에 관하여

권중호 남서울대학교 2018 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Helicobacter pylori 와 대장의 신생물과의 연관성

안중욱,류재현,김광호,박응범 대한대장항문학회 2001 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.17 No.3

고려시대 인명 일고찰

최중호 동의대학교 2005 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.- No.10

아동학대개입시 상담원의 신변보호를 위한 법제도적 개선방안

이호중 서강대학교 법학연구소 2009 서강법학 Vol.11 No.1

The Korean justice system in dealing with child abuse encompasses two distinct subsystems : the criminal justice system and the child protection system. These subsystems are functioning as separate, and the major mission of child protection service(CPC) workers is to provide the maltreated children and their family with appropriate protection services. But many CPS workers have experienced violence or any other threats to their safety in working with children's parents or other guardians. This may impede the effectiveness of child protection intervention. This paper reviews the interactions between these two subsystems in intervention of child abuse cases and proposes that safety of CPS workers can be enhanced by structural improvement of cooperation relationship between CPS workers and police officers. Typically child protection agencies initially screen out the cases based on many suspicions and other informations, and the cases are referred to police and prosecutors only when the CPS worker has an opinion that the seriousness of the case justifies the punishment. This practices expose the CPS worker to serious danger, because it seems to be that the CPS worker executes their duties just like a police officer. So this paper suggests that the coordinate cooperations system between CPS worker and police officer should be anchored in our two-track system. Especially when CPS workers have information that indicates that the family behavior or situation could pose a danger to CPS worker, they must coordinate assessment and intervention activities with police officers.

38세 남자환자에서 발생한 만발성 림프부종 1예

정호중,김기찬,엄문섭 고신대학교의과대학 2006 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.21 No.2

Primary lymphedema tarda is considered to be a congenital disease with delayed manifestations. The cause is unknown; an autoimmune destruction of lymphatic channels can be hypothesized. We report a case of isolated lymphedema of the left lower extremity in a 38-year-old male. The diagnosis of lymphedema was confirmed by lymphoscintigraphy and appropriate diagnostic studies were done to rule out other known causes of limb edema. We report a rare case of primary lymphedema tarda of the left lower extremity.

나사산이 있는 관이음의 효과적인 해석모델의 개발

임중연,이호용,고광일 東國大學校 1996 東國論叢 Vol.35 No.-

This paper is concerned with and efficient model for the structural analysis of threaded connections which is used to assemble the tubular connections such as pipes. Advanced mechanics has been used to develop the model which yields acceptably accurate solutions for stresses when compared to other methods such as experimental or finite element analysis procedures. Beam-on-elastic-foundation equations are used to compute stresses due to assembly of the connection while bolt-nut equation and Lame' equation are used for axial loads and pressures. Numerical results show that our model is computationally efficient and valid in terms of stress distribution for make-up. The current model can provide the quick and inexpensive analysis tools to the production engineer with reasonable accuracy.

지역축제의 현황과 활성화 방안

장호찬,김시중 우송대학교 부설 산업연구원 1999 산업연구 Vol.1 No.1

Festival and event are the fastest growing industry in the field of tourism. In 1997, a total of 412 festival was held in Korea. In spite of quantitative growhth of festivals, the quality of the festivals has been so problematic. Reviewing the previous research about the festivals in Korea suggests several significant problems including ambiguous theme, lack of creativity and distinction, lack of linkage with other tourism attractions, locality, lack of ability for promotion and marketing, etc. The study suggests to adopting the principles and advantage of ecotourism, an alternative tourism to overcome those limitations.

音'의 이중적 음가에 대하여

최중호 한말연구학회 2003 한말연구 Vol.- No.12

'??' that appear to Koryo era Seokdok Gugyeol's data had seen and read by '-ㅁ' so far by '音' abbreviation. '音'(??)' is notation to be being expose as '音叱多' in notation of Hyang-Ga and is observed. It are scholar who read problem of '音叱多' that appear in notation of native songs as '음ㅅ다' and scholar who read as 'ㆁㅣㅅ다'. It is usual that read '音(??)' corresponding as a '음' of Sino-Korea, and it is impossible that '音(??)' as 'ㆁㅣ' in a Sino-Korea. But, important problem in consecutiveness with a language happens middle ages in case insist one phonetic value 'ㅁ' of '音(??)'. Problem that companion Treatment with respect law's existence existence and nonexistence becomes doubtfully is happend. Also, Umdok Gugyeol that is Koryo ear other data is using as word '-ㆁㅣ-' of companion treatment with respect using '巳, 刀, ??'. This paper asserts that must read '音(??)' as '- ㆁㅣ -' in case is used to meaning of treatment with respect. It saw that China South Wild talk's income of Sino-korea acts the role that must read '音(??)' as '- ㆁㅣ -'. Therefore, word of companion treatment with respect existed in an ancient language, and the method is borrowing and records '音(??)'.