『잔치』 파이드로스 연설에서 이기성의 정치

조흥만 ( Cho¸ Heung-man ) 한국가톨릭철학회 2009 가톨릭철학 Vol.0 No.13

파이드로스는 사랑받는 사람의 이익의 관점에서 에로스를 찬미한다. 그는 모든 에로스를 수혜자의 관점에서 환영하고, 사랑받는 사람으로서 그는 에로스에 최고의 자리를 부여한다. 파이드로스의 에로스의 최고성(最古性) 논의는 생성과 생식의 구분에 실패하여 논파되고 결과적으로 에로스 찬미가 아니라 에로스의 원리인 생성을 찬미하는 논리적 비정합성을 드러낸다. 파이드로스의 우주론적 관심의 동기는 신들의 권위를 폄하하고 인간들 스스로를 그들의 행동의 척도로 만들려는 욕망에서 비롯되는데, 결과적으로 그는 자신의 연설에서 어떤 신도 언급하지 않고, 전적으로 영웅들이나 인간의 행위에 대해 말할 뿐이다. 사랑하는 사람들 간의 친밀한 관계가 전제되지 않는 헬라스 사회의 수치문화는 자기규정의 고유한 힘을 사회의 관습적 탁월성에 양도함으로써 가면으로 전락하게 되고, 이 과정에서 에로스는 순응의 힘으로 밝혀진다. 소년애적 관습의 결과인 도시나 군대에 대한 논의에서도 그가 말하는 용기는 부끄러움에 대한 두려움일 뿐이고, 탁월성을 촉발시키는 에로스까지 자신의 이기성을 정당화하기 위해 폄하한다. 그러나 사랑받는 사람의 이득이 사랑하는 사람의 이기성에 놓여 있는 한, 순수한 이기성은 정치 원리로 불가능하다. 에로스는 자기희생의 가능성을 포함하기 때문에 영웅주의와 자연적으로 연결되어 있고, 바로 여기에 에로스의 사적 감정이 공적 공훈으로 발전될 수 있는 단초가 들어 있다. 파이드로스는 소년애에서 남성에 대한 여성의 사랑으로 자신의 관심을 이행한다. 파이드로스가 에로스를 이익의 기준에 종속시키고 있다는 것은 그의 세 가지 실례들에서도 분명하게 드러난다. 사랑하는 사람들을 영예롭게 하는 이들은 사실상 신들이 아니라 사랑받는 사람들이고, 에로스는 자기 충족적이지 않으며, 계산적인 수취인의 관점으로부터 사랑하지 않는 사랑받는 사람이 사랑하는 사람보다 선호되고 있다. 이와 같이 이익에 대한 사랑을 옹호하는 파이드로스는 에로스와 도덕성의 갈등을 철저히 무시했고, 사랑하는 사람을 구애하도록 고무시키고 사랑받는 사람의 추구를 단념하게 하는 관습에 만족하고 있다. In the perspective of selfishness of the loved Phaedrus praises erōs. He as the loved welcomes all erōs in the position of the receiver and gives erōs the best place. The argument of the antiquity of erōs is refuted owing to the failure of the distinction between genesis and generation and as a result infers logical incoherence in praising not erōs but genesis as the principle of erōs. Because the motive of cosmological concern of Phaedrus is derived from the desire of both declining the authority of gods and making human beings themselves the standard of their behaviors. Consequently, Phaedrus does not state any gods in his speech, only to talk about heroes or the behaviors of human beings. The shame culture in Greek society which does not have a premise of the intimacy among people is deteriorated into a mask by transferring the proper power to the conventional aretē of society. In the course of this erōs is proved to be the power to adapt it. In the argument of polis and army as the result of the convention of paiderasty, he changes courage into fear to shame and the substituted erōs for aretē is degraded through the justification of selfishness. The pure selfishness is not possible as the principle of politics, for the benefit of the lover lies with the selfishness of the loved. The erōs is naturally linked to heroism because of its including the possibility of self-sacrifice and here is the seeds which can developed from the private passion to public exploit. Phaedrus performed the transition of the love of women to men from paiderasty. In three examples he took it is evidently showed that Phaedrus subordinats erōs to the criterion of benefit. Those who glorify the lover is not gods but the loved. Erōs is not self-sufficient. It is preferred those who do not love to those who do love in the perspective of calculative receiver. Likewise Phaedrus advocates the love of benefit and disregards the conflict between erōs and morality. He also is contented with the convention which inspires the lover to chase and requires the surrender of the seek of the loved.

Endovenous Intervention of May-Thurner Syndrome with Thrombus beyond Iliac Vein Stenosis

Heungman Jun 대한혈관외과학회 2019 Vascular Specialist International Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: With the increase in the incidence of venous thrombosis, interest in May- Thurner syndrome (MTS) accompanying iliac vein compression has increased. Some patients with MTS have inferior vena cava thrombosis or thrombosis beyond iliac vein stenosis (TBIVS). This study aimed to identify the characteristics of MTS with TBIVS including pulmonary embolism (PE) and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) compared to those of MTS without TBIVS. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with deep vein thrombosis associated with MTS were treated between March 2012 and February 2016. Demographic data, medical history, computed tomography findings (iliac vein size of stenosis and stenotic ratio compared with the other side), and clinical outcomes (preoperative PE and PTS) were retrospectively collected and reviewed by dividing into groups with or without TBIVS. Results: Eight of the 35 patients with MTS had TBIVS. The group with TBIVS had a statistically significantly greater iliac vein size (P<0.001) and ratio (P=0.001). PE was more prevalent in the group with TBIVS (63% vs. 15%, P=0.007). However, no statistically significant intergroup difference in PTS prevalence was found. Conclusion: The presence of mild iliac vein stenosis in MTS can be used to predict TBIVS and the requirement for more attention to PE.

Evaluation of postoperative lymphocele according to amounts and symptoms by using 3-dimensional CT volumetry in kidney transplant recipients

Heungman Jun,Sung Ho Hwang,Sungyoon Lim,Myung Gyu Kim,Cheol Woong Jung 대한외과학회 2016 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.91 No.3

Purpose: To analyze the risk factors for postoperative lymphocele, for predicting and preventing complications. Methods: We evaluated 92 kidney transplant recipients with multidetector CT (MDCT) at 1-month posttransplantation. From admission and 1-month postoperative records, data including diabetes, dialysis type, immunosuppressant use, steroid pulse therapy, and transplantation side were collected. Lymphocele volume was measured with 3-dimensional reconstructed, nonenhanced MDCT at one month postoperatively. The correlations between risk factors and lymphocele volume and between risk factors and symptomatic lymphocele (SyL) were analyzed. The cutoff was calculated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for SyL volume. Results: Among 92 recipients, the mean volume was 44.53 ± 176.43 cm<SUP>3</SUP> and 12 had SyL. Univariable analysis between risk factors and lymphocele volume indicated that donor age, retransplantation, and inferiorly located lymphocele were statistically significant. The ROC curve for SyL showed that 33.20 cm<SUP>3</SUP> was the cutoff, with 83.3% sensitivity and 93.7% specificity. On univariable analysis between risk factors and SyL, steroid pulse, inferiorly located lymphocele, and >33.20 cm<SUP>3</SUP> were statistically significant. Multivariable analysis indicated that steroid pulse, >33.20 cm3, and serum creatinine level at one month were significant factors. Conclusion: Risk factors including donor age, retransplantation, steroid pulse therapy, and inferiorly located lymphocele are important predictors of large lymphoceles or SyL. In high-risk recipients, careful monitoring of renal function and early image surveillance such as CT or ultrasound are recommended. If the asymptomatic lymphocele is >33.20 cm<SUP>3</SUP> or located inferiorly, early interventions can be considered while carefully observing the changes in symptoms.

Acute ileofemoral artery thromboembolism due to left ventricle thrombi with spontaneous coronary artery dissection

Heungman Jun,Cheol-Woong Jung,Kwan-Tae Park 대한외과학회 2014 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.88 No.1

Localizing Exciton Recombination Sites in Conformationally Distinct Single Conjugated Polymers by Super-resolution Fluorescence Imaging

Park, Heungman,Hoang, Dat Tien,Paeng, Keewook,Kaufman, Laura J. American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.3

<P>To thoroughly elucidate how molecular conformation and photophysical properties of conjugated polymers (CPs) are related requires simultaneous probing of both. Previous efforts used fluorescence imaging with one nanometer accuracy (FIONA) to image CPs, which allowed simultaneous estimation of molecular conformation and probing of fluorescence intensity decay. We show that calculating the molecular radius of gyration for putative folded and unfolded poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) molecules using FIONA underestimates molecular extension by averaging over emitters during localization. In contrast, employing algorithms based on single molecule high resolution imaging with photobleaching (SHRImP), including an approach we term allframes SHRImP, allows localization of individual emitters. SHRImP processing corroborates that compact MEH-PPV molecules have distinct photophysical properties from extended ones. Estimated radii of gyration for isolated 168 kDa MEH-PPV molecules immobilized in polystyrene and exhibiting either stepwise or continuous intensity decays are found to be 12.6 and 25.3 nm, respectively, while the distance between exciton recombination sites is estimated to be similar to 10 nm independent of molecular conformation.</P>

Negative pressure wound therapy for inguinal lymphatic complications in critically ill patients

Yong-Kyu Cheong,Heungman Jun,Yong-Pil Cho,Gi-Won Song,Ki-Myung Moon,Tae-Won Kwon,Sung-Gyu Lee 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.85 No.3

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of regulated negative pressure vacuum-assisted wound therapy for inguinal lymphatic complications in critically ill, liver transplant recipients. Methods: The great saphenous vein was harvested for hepatic vein reconstruction during liver transplantation in 599 living-donor liver transplant recipients. Fourteen of the recipients (2.3%) developed postoperative inguinal lymphatic complications and were treated with negative pressure wound therapy, and they were included in this study. Results: The average total duration of negative pressure wound therapy was 23 days (range, 11 to 42 days). Complete resolution of the lymphatic complications and wound healing were achieved in all 14 patients, 5 of whom were treated in hospital and 9 as outpatients. There was no clinically detectable infection, bleeding or recurrence after an average follow-up of 27 months (range, 7 to 36 months). Conclusion: Negative pressure wound therapy is an effective, readily-available treatment option that is less invasive than exploration and ligation of leaking lymphatics and provides good control of drainage and rapid wound closure in critically ill patients.

Clinical Outcomes of Extensive Iliofemoral Endarterectomy with Retroperitoneal Approach

Young Ju Oh,Heungman Jun,Cheol Woong Jung 대한외과학회 2022 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2022 No.11

Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Abdominal Trauma

Gunyoung Jung(정건영),Heungman Jun 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.5

Trends in endovascular aneurysm repair research: bibliometric analysis from 1994 to 2017

Ji Woong Hwang,Heungman Jun 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.96 No.2

Purpose: Since endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) was first introduced in 1991, it has undergone rapid technical and quantitative developments. We analyzed the characteristics and trends of EVAR research through bibliometric analysis. Methods: Comprehensive online searches focused on EVAR were performed from January 1994 to August 2017. The following information was collected: title, year of publication, countries’ contribution, authorship, subspecialty, institution, subject category, and top 10 cited articles. Results: A significant increase was demonstrated globally in the number of annual publications on EVAR. The highest number of publications was from the United States (n = 849, 35.08%), followed by England (n = 343, 14.17%), and the institutions with highest number of publications were Stanford University (n = 61, 2.52%) and Skane University Hospital Malmo (n = 45, 1.86%). The Journal of Vascular Surgery published approximately one quarter of the total publications. Vascular surgeons produced the most publications (n = 1871, 78.14%), followed by radiologists (n = 377, 15.58%) and cardiologists (n = 73, 3.02%). The most studied topics on EVAR were complications and procedures. The number of publications on complex EVAR and EVAR in juxtarenal aneurysm has increased more from 2013 to 2017 (5.1%, 9.5%) compared with from 1998 to 2002 (2.1%, 1.8%). Conclusion: Our bibliometric analysis showed the characteristics and trends of publications on EVAR over a period of 25 years. The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed the quantitative improvements of publications and the qualitative improvements in challenging EVAR.

Charge Transport and Separation Dynamics at the C₆₀/GaAs(001) Interface

Kim, Jeong Won,Park, Heungman,Zhu, Xiaoyang American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.118 No.6

<P>We probe charge separation dynamics at a model hybrid organic/inorganic semiconductor heterojunction, C<SUB>60</SUB>/GaAs(001), using time-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy (TR-2PPE). For a p-type GaAs(001) surface with downward band bending, TR-2PPE allows us to directly follow the subpicosecond drift of photoexcited electrons toward the surface by the space charge field. Upon C<SUB>60</SUB> adsorption, we find that electron transfer from the GaAs conduction band to C<SUB>60</SUB> occurs on the faster time scale of ≤0.1 ps. We discuss the role of the space charge field in assisting electron transfer at the hybrid organic/inorganic semiconductor interface.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-6/jp412180t/production/images/medium/jp-2013-12180t_0006.gif'></P>