압착방법별 포도 착즙액의 품질특성

최희돈,김성수,김경탁,홍희도,김상희 한국식품영양학회 2002 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

캠벨과 거봉을 이용하여 여러 가지 압착방법에 따른 착즙액의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 수율의 경우 캠벨, 거봉이 동일하게 냉압처리보다는 온압처리가, 온압처리에서도 낮은 온도보다는 높은 온도에서 수율이 높게 나타났으며, 또 온압 · 펙틴분해 병행처리가 각각 83.5% , 87.3%로 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한 당도와 아미노테 질소도 열처리온도의 상승 및 압착방법의 병행에 의해 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 적정산도는 캠밸과 거봉이 압착방법에 따라 각각 0.86 ~ 1.00%, 0.60 ~ 0.69%로 거봉에 비해 캠벨의 산도가 높았으며, 열처리온도가 산도 증감에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 압착방법에 따른 착즙액에 대한 관능검사 결과 열처리 온도의 상승 및 착즙액에 대한 관능검사 결과 열처리온도의 상승 및 압착방법의 병행에 의해 떫은 맛과 산맛의 강도가 강하여지고 이들 처리구의 기호도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. The physicochemical and sensory properties of Campbell Early and Gerbong juices prepared by various pressing methods were studied. The yields of these juices by mixed method were 83.5% and 87.5%, the highest value of various pressing methods. And soluble solids and amino nitrogens of them decreased as heating temperature increased and was lowest when mixed method was performed. Titratable acidities of Campbell Early juice was 0.86 ~ 1.00%, higher than that of Gerbong juice, 0.60 ~ 0.69%. Also the strength of astringent taste and sour taste of Campbell Early and Gerbong juice increased as heating temperature increased, and increased strength of these tastes gave good sensory evaluation to grape juices.

자궁경부종양에서 Cathepsin-D 표현의 의의

이춘희,김세진,전상식,이택후,조영래,채종민 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Various clinical and histopathologic characteristics are currently used to obtain prognostic information about cervical carcinoma, but they do not predict the outcome for any individual patients. Thus, there is a need to identify additional tumor characteristics that are able to predict more accurately the outcome for an individual patient with cervical cancer. In this study, we explored the relationship between cathepsin-D expression and progression of the cervical neoplasia, the correlation between response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cathepsin-D expression, and we investigated if tumor cell cathepsin-D expression could serve as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma. Tumor tissues were obtained from 14 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 52 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Cathepsin-S expression was identified by immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antibody cathepsin-D (BioGene). Positive cathepsin-D immunoreaction in greater than 30% of carcinoma cells was scored as high expression. High cathepsin-D expression was seen in 15 of 52 invasive cancer but was absent in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It was shown that cathepsin-D expression was independent of the rumor grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, depth of invasion, parametrial invasion, and response to chemotherapy. In disease free survival analysis by log-rank test, cathepsin-D expression was not significantly associated with survival. These results show that cathepsin-D expression is not a clinically useful adjunct to assessment of prognosis in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

菜蔬栽培地 土壤과 菜蔬類의 有機鹽素系 殺蟲劑의 殘留評價

金喜權,徐鎔澤,沈在漢 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1984 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.19 No.-

菜蔬栽培土壤과 菜蔬類의 有機鹽素系 殺蟲劑의 殘留量을 評價하기 爲하여 GLS로 分析하여 얻은 結果는 다음과 같다. 土壤總平均殘留量은 상치土壤(0.166ppm), 시금치土壤(0.158ppm), 마늘土壤(0.105ppm), 쑥갓土壤(0.095ppm), 고구마土壤(0.080ppm), 배추土壤(0.063ppm), 아욱土壤(0.046ppm), 토마토土壤(0.027ppm) 順으로 높았다. 菜蔬의 總平均殘留量은 상치(0.038ppm), 시금치(0.022ppm), 마늘(0.015ppm), 아욱(0.013ppm), 고구마葉(0.012ppm), 당근(0.009ppm), 오이(0.008ppm), 배추(10.007ppm), 쑥갓(0.002ppm), 토마도(0.002ppm)順으로 높았으며, 土壤中의 總平均殘留量이 菜蔬中의 總平均殘留量보다 5~10倍 높았다. 菜蔬中의 總平均殘留量은 土壤中의 總平均殘留量에 比例하였다. α-BHC, γ-BHC는 土壤試料 및 菜蔬試料 全體에서 檢出되었다. 한편 PCNB, heptachlor, p, p'-DDE, dieldrin은 土壤試料에서는 平均殘留量 範圍가 栽培作物에 따라 各各 ND~0.004ppm, 0.001~0.017ppm, T~0.031ppm, T~0.032ppm이었으나 菜蔬試料에서는 거의 檢出되지 않았다. 供試菜蔬의 BHC, DDT汚染이 廣範圍하였지만 全體的인 殘留分의 水準은 FAO/WHO가 奬勵한 食品中 BHC, DDT 殘留許容限度인 0.5ppm, 1.0~7.0ppm에는 훨씬 未達하였다. Evaluation of levels of organochlorine pesticide in vegetables and agricultural soil samples were analysed by GLC equipped with electron capture detector. The result obtained were summarized as follows; Total mean residues of organochlorine pesticide in soil increased in the order of tomato soil(0.27ppm), cucumber soil(0.042ppm), marsh mallow soil(0.046ppm), cabbage soil(0.03ppm), sweet potato soil(0.080ppm% carrot soil(0.090ppm), crown daisy soil(0.095ppm), garlic soil(0.105ppm), spinach soil(0.158ppm), and lettuce soil(0.166ppm). Total mean resideues of organochlorine pesticide in vegetables increased in the order of crown daisy(0.002ppm), tomato(0.002ppm), cabbage(0.007ppm), cucumber(0.008ppm), carrot(0;009ppm), sweet potato leaf (0.012ppm.) marsh mallow(0.013ppm) garlic(0.015 ppm) and lettuce(0.038ppm). Levels of residue in soil was 5~10 times higher than those of vegetables. The similar trend appeared between levels of residue in soil and those of vegetables. α-BHC and γ-BHC were detected in all soil and vegetable samples. The mean residue levels of PCNB, heptachlor, p, p'-DDE and dieldrin in all soil samples were ND~0.004ppm, 0.001~0.017ppm. T~0.031ppm and T~0.032ppm, respectively, but those of in vegetable samples were hardly detected. In spite of high detection frequencies of BHC and DDT in vegetables, the levels of BHC and DDT pesticide residue in vegetables were found fairly low and were far lower than the tolerences for respective vegetables recommended(0.50ppm, 1.0~7.0ppm) jointly by FAO and WHO of United States.

유아교사의 생활양식과 건강상태에 관한 연구

정희남,임재택 부산대학교 보육종합센터 영유아보육연구소 2008 영유아보육연구 Vol.14 No.-

This study was to raise awareness of the importance which preschool teachers should practice right life style, by examining their lifestyle and health state. I looked into preschool teachers' food, clothing, and housing as a lifestyle, and their physical and psychological conditions as a health state. 400 preschool teachers in Busan were given a questionnaire, and 347 responses of them were used for this study. For achieving the purpose of this study, two research questions were as followings. 1. How is the life style of preschool teachers? 2. How is the status of preschool teachers? The result of this study showed that preschool teachers were more likely to wear mainly clothes processed by a softening agent in clothing life and many of them tended to eat fast or not to chew their food well when they had lunch or a snack in food life. In identified that in housing-related life, they were less likely to use a carpet or polyurethane mat and more likely to change teaching tools and furniture into new ones. Most of them were less likely to do regular exercise in medical life, and of the lifestyle, the clothing life averaged at the least, It also showed that their physical condition was not good, while their psychological condition was normal. Concerning the state of diseases, 50.1 percent were diagnosed with a disease by doctors. The most common disease they suffered from was anemia, followed by gastroenteric disorder, obesity, gynecologic diseases, ruptured disk and thyroid diseases.

초등학교 안전교육 내용분석연구

김탁희,이명선 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2001 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The objective of this study is to give basic materials for selection and improvement of contents of safety education, which is substantially helpful to elementary students, by analysis of contents of safety education in some subjects and assessment of the needs of elementary students for safety education. For this purpose, this study was analyzed the contents of safety education in five subjects for elementary school and conducted the survey of 883 students in some elementary schools in Seoul from April 7 to 22, 2000. The results were as follows; 1.As a result of analysis of the proportion of contents regarding safety-related education in some subjects, Physical Education occupied the highest proportion (14.09%), and that was followed by Practical Subject (9.55%) and Moral Education (9.34%). However, the proportions in Social Study and Natural Science were very low,1.85% and 1.31% each. In total lines of these five subjects, the numbers of line regarding safety education was contained by 5.78%. 2.Analyzing the proportion of domains of safety education in five textbooks, the Meaning of Safety and Basic Principles occupied the highest portion (29.5%), and that was followed by the Home Safety (24.0%), the Safety in School (17.1%), and the Play and leisure Safety (14.0%). The Coping with Accidents and First Aid, the Safety from Fire and Explosion, and the Traffic Safety occupied relatively low portion, 6.9%, 5.7%, and 2.8% each. 3.As a result of analysis of the proportion of the safety education domain in each subject, the Meaning of Safety and Basic Principles occupied the highest portion (23.6%) in Moral Education, the Home Safely (12.7%) in Practical Subject, and the Play and Leisure Safety (10.9%) in Physical Education. 4.Most of the participants in this survey experienced the Home Accidents (71.1%). And also, they experienced the Play and Leisure Accidents (57.9%), the Accidents in School (49.7%), the Traffic Accidents (45.3%), and the Fire and Explosion Accidents (24.7%) in order. 5.In the average proportion of the needs of participants for safety education in each domain, the Coping with Accidents and First Aid has the highest point (4.05). And, that was followed by the Home safety (3.79), the Safety from fire and Explosion (3.73), the Meaning of Safety and Basic Principles (3.65), the Play and Leisure Safety (3.50), the Safety in School (3.37), and the Traffic Safety (3.35). The average proportion of the needs for safety education of total domains was 3.66. 6.In the needs for safety education regarding the feature of participants, it showed higher scores in female students than male ones (p<0.001), in lower grader than higher grader (p<0.05), and in the students born to wealth than those born poor (p<0.05). Also, the children who recognize the necessity of safety education showed higher scores of the needs for safety education (p<0.001). And it also showed the same results of high score to the children whose parents did the safety education (p<0.001) and to the children and their parents who have the higher degree of practicing safety (p<0.001), and these differences were statistically significant. 7.In the extent of preference for methods of safety education, it showed high score to the Field learning, followed by the Audio-Visual Education, the Discussion, and the Instruction of teacher. In the extent of preference for subject regarding the contents of safety education by each domain, it showed high score to the subject of Safety for 4 domains - the Meaning of Safety and Basic Principles, the Traffic Safety, the Safety from Fire and Explosion, and the Coping with Accidents and First Aid. And also, they preferred Moral Education for 2 domains - the Home safety and the Safety in School, and Physical Education for a domain of the Play and Leisure Safety. 8.While 27 of 36 detail items was contained the content of safety education, the proportion of needs of participants for safety education showed more than average 3.00 score in 34 of 36 detail items. However, none of 9 detail items was included in five textbooks. Also, 2 detail items - the Coping with Disasters and the Safely from Poisoning - were included together 2 parts; One part had the higher ranked 7 items acquired by analysis of the needs, and the other had the higher ranked 7 items acquired by analysis of the contents. But, except those 2 items, none of items were matched with each part.

세포탁심나트륨의 결정형의 용출

손영택,김희경 德成女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1998 藥學論文誌 Vol.9 No.1

Three polymorphic modifications and two pseudopolymorphic modifications of cefotaxime sodium were obtained by crystallization from different organic solvents. The isolated crystal forms were characterized by UV spectrophotometry. DSC, TGA and X-ray crystallography. Crystal forms of cefotaxime sodium were also compared by dissolution rate. The dissolution rate of form 1 was the highest, followed by form 2, form 4, form 6, form5 and form 3. Among these polymorphic modifications the dissolution rate of form 3 and form 5 was much slower than that of cefotaxime sodium on the market. All forms showed no change after 2-month storage test in the silica gel desiccator. But after the storage of 2-month at 95% relative humidity condition, all forms were deliquesced by hygroscopic property except form 1 that showed the highest dissolution rate. At 52% relative humidity condition, form 1, form2 and form 6 had no evidence of phase transformation, but form 3, form 4 and form 5 were also deliquesced.

연관 규칙 탐사를 이용한 수학 교육 성취도 분석

정희택,서정현 여수대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

An evaluation analyzes the accomplishment of an educatee's schoolwork by a curriculum. It is necessary for us to find the way of a course of study for a poor learner by overall evaluation at school. So this study suggests the measure that teacher can analyse a poor learner and apply the way of a course of study by association rule mining.

黃柏에서 抽出한 多糖類의 抗癌作用에 대한 硏究

최영철,홍희탁,홍영욱,이태균,박원환,김철호 동국대학교 경주대학 1997 東國論集 Vol.16 No.1

In order to investigate antitumor activities of the extracted polysaccharides from Phellodendron chinense SCHNEID, the following studies were carried out. Phellodendron chinense SCHNEID was extracted with hot water and alkali, and the extracted polysaccharides showed antitumor activities against mice Sarcoma-180 solid tumors in parameters of tumor weight, inhibition ratio, thymidilate synthetase(TS) and thymidine kinase(TK) activities. The results were as follows : 1. Delipidated extracts from Phellodendron chinense SCHNEID, were systematically fractionated, the heteropolysaccharide contains D-N-acetylglucosamine, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-glucose. The molecular weight distribution of the sample was found to be nearly homogeneous (about from 200 to 1000 kDa) in gel permeation analysis. 2. Among the polysaccharide fractions, the water extracted fractions, particularly Fr.-2, showed a potent growth-inhibitory activity against implanted in mice Sarcoma 180 solid tumor (inhibition, 95.3%, at 2 ㎎/100g), but the cold alkali extract (Fr.-4) showed a very low activity (inhibition; 4.7%). Fr.-7 and Fr.-8 showed the highest tumor inhibitory activity (inhibition; 96.4 and 98.2%, respectively). 3. TS activity in the Fr.-2 given oral administration of propolis was markedly suppresed to 73.7% of that in the control (p<0.01 by Student's t-test). However, there was little difference in TK activity with a slight decrease in Fr.-2 only.

Rolling Ball Viscometer에 依한 乳牛의 準臨床型 乳房炎의 感染率에 關한 調査硏究

朴玉潤,曺熙澤 진주산업대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This study was conducted to find out the infection rate of subclinical type and suspected positive of mastitis of dairy cows using Rolling Ball viscometer. The tested fore milk samples were collected from 1604 teats of 404 Holstein which their somatic cell number had more than 250,000 per mililiter, and these cows were selected from 241 farms located in Kyung­nam province for months from March 1984 to October 1984. The comatic cell number were measured by the viscometer, and the relation between the number of somatic cells of the sample and the cause factors of mastitis were examed, and the results obtained were as follows. 1. The sample which its somatic cell number has less than 250,000 denoted as negative infection was 26.9%, between 250,000 and 490,000 denoted as suspected positive infection was 28.6% and more than 500,000 denoted as positive infection was 24.5%. 2. In the case of the infection rate, 53.5% was infected among 404 cows and 26.0% was infected among 1606 teats. 3. In the test of suspected positive infection and subclinical type according to farm scale, the small scale farm(raising 1 to 10 cows per farm) has 54.7%, the medium scale farm(11 to 20 cows) has 43.5%, the large scale farm(21 to 30 cows) has 50%., and more than 31 cows per farm showed negative infection rate. The less scale farm showed the hiher the % of suspected positive infection. 4. In the case of suspected positive and subclinical type rate according to milking methods, it was 53.8% by milker and 28.6% by hand. 5. In the case of suspected positive and subclinical type rate according to disinfection by soaking the treats into the anticeptic solution after milking, the disinfected cows have 40.5% and nondisinfected cows have 64.8%. 6. In the case of suspected positive and subclinical type rate accoring to the type of administraters, It was 48.1% by ranchman and 89.7% by herd man. 7. In the case of suspected positive and subclinical type rate according to the number of years for raising the cows(personel experiences), It was 44.0% in the case of one year's experience, 45.1% in 2 to 3 years, 58.6% in 4 to 5 years and 69.1% in the case of more than 6 years of experience As the feeding experience increased the infection rate of subclinical type of mastitis was decreased.

SIIM 퍼지 PID 제어기를 이용한 3축 푸마 로봇의 경로 제어에 관한 연구

석홍성,채창현,고택범,김희년 금오공과대학교 산업기술개발연구원 2000 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This paper describes the design of the Fuzzy PID controller using simplified indirect inference method. First, the fuzzy digital PID controller are derived from the conventional continuous time linear ones. Then the fuzzification, control-rule base, and defuzzification using SIIM in the design of the fuzzy digital controller are discussed in detail. The resulting controller is a discrete time fuzzy version of the conventional digital PID controller, which has the same linear structure, but are nonlinear functions of the input signals. The proposed controller enhances the self-tuning control capability, particularly when the process to be controlled is nonlinear. When the SIIM is applied, the fuzzy inference results can be calculated with splitting fuzzy variables into each action component and are determined as the functional form of corresponding variables. So the proposed method has the capability of the high speed inference and adapting with increasing the number of the fuzzy input variables easily. Computer simulation results have demonstrated the superior to the control performance of the conventional digital PID controller. Lastly, it is applied to the trajectory control of the PUMA robot with three-axis.