태아 26예에서 신장단위의 미세구조적 발달

김혜영,주의탁,김경용,이원복 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.2

언어훈련 방법이 유아의 읽기능력 및 내용이해도에 미치는 영향

한원주,조희숙 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1996 영유아보육연구 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of code emphasis approach to a whole language approach upon decoding ability & comprehension ability respectably. 40 children(23 boys) enrolled in day care center were participated in this study. Mean age was 51.9 month. All of the children were allocated in code emphasis approach group, whole language approach group, and control group. For experimental group, they received 30 minutes training per day from Monday to Saturday during 14 weeks according to the respective program. Except the training session, all of the other program were almost the same among three groups. The major findings of this study with pre- & post test design were as followings: First, the children of code emphasis approach group or whole language approach group progressed more than the children of control poop in their decoding ability. However there was no significant differences between two experimental groups. Second, there were significant differences among three groups of children in their progress of comprehension ability. The children of whole language approach poop progressed more than the children of code emphasis approach group in comprehension ability and the later group progressed more than the children of control group in this ability.

경주시 생활폐기물 관리 현황

김경원,배해룡 경주대학교 건설환경연구소 2006 建設環境論叢 Vol.- No.8

Korea experiences high environmental pressures due to rapid growth in an environment of particularly limited carrying capacity. As a result, Korea's amount of waste generation is one of the highest among OECD member countries. Since 1993 the total amount of waste generation has steadily increased. However, Korea's domestic wastes from life and economic activities has substantially decreased. The ministry of Environment has outlined a national framework plan in the 2nd Comprehensive National Waste Management plan in March 2002. This study is to investigate present state of domestic wastes in Gyeongju in order to estimate regional possibility of achieving the plan. From the investigation, it is investigated that daily average generation of domestic waste decreased from 239.0 ton per day in 1996 to 209.0 ton per day in 2001 but increased to be 256.0 ton per day in 2004 since 2002. Landfill of them also increased to be 171.0 ton per day in 2004. Recycling of household waste slightly increased to be 28% in 2004. 국내 폐기물 발생량 현황을 보면 생활폐기물 발생량은 감소추세이었다. 경주시 생활페기물의 1일 발생량은 1996년도에는 239.0 톤/일이었으나 2001년까지 지속적으로 감소하여 209.0 톤/일로 조사되었다. 그러나 2002년에는 222.3 톤/일로 증가하였으며 2004년에는 256.0 톤/일로 최근 증가하는 추세를 나타내었다. 발생된 생활폐기물의 매립량 역시 1996년에는 171.0 톤/일에서 2001년에는 147.2 톤/일로 감소하였으나, 2002년 이후 소폭 상승하여 2004년에는 171.0 톤/일로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 소각량은 1997년 4.7 톤/일로 시작하여 2001년까지 소폭의 증가를 나타내었으나, 2003년 이후 급증하여 2004년에는 14.0 톤/일을 나타내었다. 재활용량은 1996년의 68.0 톤/일에서 1998년의 95.0 톤/일까지 증가하였으나, 1999년부터 점차 감소하였으며 2004년에는 4.1 톤/일로 2003년의 약 6%에 불과한 양으로 급감하였다. 생활폐기물의 처리방법은 노천 퇴적식 매립에 의존해 오다가 1997년 소각장이 준공·가동됨으로써 매립에만 의존하던 생활폐기물 처리방법이 매립과 소각으로 분리 처리되었다. 2001년부터는 공동주택 세대를 대상으로 음식물쓰레기 분리배출수거를 실시하여 음식물쓰레기는 전량 재활용되고 있어 매립장 사용기한 연장 및 소각장의 소각효율과 재활용률 증대에도 크게 기여하게 되었다. 1996년에서 1999년까지 매립량은 72에서 60%로 감소하였고, 재활용량은 28에서 38%로 증가하였으나, 2000년 이후 매립량은 75에서 79%로 증가하다 2003년 이후 감소하였고, 재활용은 2000년에 23%로 급감한 후 2004년까지 변동을 나타내며 상승하여 28%를 나타내었다.

성인 암환자의 질병 특성에 따른 증상발생 정도

허혜경,이은현,이원희,소향숙,정복례,강은실 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: This study was to investigate symptom occurrence related to the disease characteristics of patients with cancer. Method: A total of 301 patients with cancer participated in this study. The participants were recruited from University Hospitals located in Seoul, Wonju, Kwangju, Daegu, and Pusan. Data collection was performed by using a questionnaire on symptom occurrence. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS computer program that included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA, and t-test. Result: The mean score of fatigue was the highest (3.24), followed by loss of appetite, lack of concentration, change in appearance, pain, insomnia, change in bowel pattern, nausea/vomiting, coughing, and dyspnea. Most symptoms were significantly correlated with each other. The level of symptom occurrence in patients with lung cancer or cervix cancer was significantly higher than the level in patients with stomach cancer. Patients receiving radiation therapy or a combined therapy of radiation therapy and chemotherapy experienced significantly higher level of symptom occurrence significantly higher level of symptom occurrence than those receiving chemotherapy only. Also, female patients experienced higher level of symptom occurrence than male patients did. Conclusion: The sites of cancer, types of treatment, and gender influence the level of symptom occurrence of patients with cancer. Thus, these variables should be considered when assessing and planing for symptom occurrence of patients with cancer.

유아의 사회적 귀인 성향에 관한 연구

조희숙,윤택원 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1997 영유아보육연구 Vol.3 No.-

This study aims first, to examine how young children's social attribution can differ in a successful circumstance or in a failure circumstance according to their gender, and second, to examine the difference between young children's social attribution and perceived young children's social attribution by their own classroom teachers. 123 preschoolers from 4 kindergartens located in Pusan and their 4 teachers participated for this study. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, in a failure circumstance, there was gender difference on young children's social attribution. That is, boys attributed their failure to their inner traits than those of girls. Second, there wasn't any differences between young children's social attribution and perceived young children's social attribution by their own classroom teachers either in the success circumstance or in the failure situation.

그림책의 상호텍스트성 연구 : 메타픽션 기법을 중심으로

이효원,조희숙 부산대학교 보육종합센터 영유아보육연구소 2008 영유아보육연구 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between intertextuality and metafictive devices of children's picture books. For this purpose the three major research questions are selected as follows. Question 1. What is the feature of the intertextuality in children's picture books? Question 2. What is the feature of the metafictive devices in children's picture books? Question 3. How is the intertextuality represented through the metafictive devices in children's picture books? To prove those subjects, I analyzed the way metafictive devices are presented in the intertextuality, covering 4 selected picture books. All of the subjects 1, 2, 3, are composed of literature researches. The mtertextuality of the selected picture books was analyzed in the context of transtextuality, which was presented in the study by Harris and Mckenzie(2005). The metafictive devices was analyzed on the basis of 17 metafictive devices from the study of Panta1eo(2005). In the picture books, metafictive devices were actually used, so I focused on how the intertextuality is presented. The summery of the research result is as following; First, the intertextuality in children's picture books is represented as a form of familiar characters in film, TV soap opera, or fairy tales. Other factors around text, such as book covers, book wings and end papers were used as cues for the authors to take note. Those surroundings provided a clue to understand the story. Second, the metafictive devices were presented as peculiar features of stories and illustrations because the technique bridges each text and induces active participation from readers. The metafictive device in the picture book shows more than two narratives are connected and conclude as one story. Differently sized, colored letters and typograpic methods were used as a way to exhibit metafiction. Third, the result of study to examine how the intertextuality was presented shows that pastiche or parody methods were used in characters, narratives, and background settings. This is due to the communication method of a picture book. The intertextuality was exhibited sometimes in inner scenes of the books or sometimes in quotations from other genres or other authors' books, In particular, certain characters from well-known fairy tales showed more intertextuality.

배지조성에 따른 포플라 Callus의 Anthocyanin 생산

방혜진,이승우,최근원,정인식,설일환 慶熙大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of cultural media on callus growth and anthocyanin production using the callus derived from the leaf discs of the Populus hybrid (Populusnigra × Populus maximowiczii cv. Yanghwangchul). Callus growth was the best in SH medium supplemented with 30 g·liter^-1 sucrose whereas anthocyanin production was maximum in White medium. But the amount of anthocyanin biosynthesis per vessel was the best in SH medium. Callus growth was similar in SH medium containing sucrose, fructose of glucose, but anthocyanin biosynthesis was enhanced in SH medium containing sucrose. Sucrose concentrations of 3.5% was the best for both callus growth and total amount of anthocyanin biosynthesis per vessel. Maltose suppressed both callus growth and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Callus growth was enhanced by higher concentrations(2X) of KNO_3 and CuSO_4, and by standard concentrations(1X) of CaCl_2 and H_3BO_3 in the medium. Total amount of anthocyanin biosynthesis was, however, somewhat different from the pattern of salts effects on callus growth.

숯을 이용한 건축재료 개발을 위한 기초적 연구

최원기,박혜란,서승직 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.3

In recent years, consmners have a growing interest in green building materials. Why do they use green bui1ding materials? The reasons why they use green building materials are those that earn hiP marks for resource management, impact on indoor environmental quality(IEQ) and performance(energy efficiency and water efficiency, etc). The purpose of this paper is to develop the High Functional Multi-Purpose Green Panel(hereafter referred to as Hi-FMPGP) using the charcoal having the characteristics of porous, absorbent and. moisture control effect In this paper, experimental studies have been performed through the four different models according to the charcoal content. As a result, this experiment shows that the model No.3 with lots of charcoal content is better than reference model without the charcoal content to the all performance. Consequently, we verified that the new Hi-FMPGP has the advantage to previously predicted performances, namely, water content ratio, surface evaporation rate, surface temperature, time lag effect and emissivity. Therefore, Hi-FMPGP is quite within the realms of possibility as a green building material. Finally, additional studies should be performed on the basis of these experimental results for complete green building materials.

디클로페낙 프로드럭들의 흰쥐 피부 투과

도희정,조원제,용철순,이치호,김대덕 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Various alkyl ester prodrugs of diclofenac were synthesized in order to investigate the relationship between their skin permeation characteristics and physicochemical properties. Solubility in various vehicles was measured at room temperature. I -Octanol/water partition coefficients (Log P) and capacity factors (k') were measured to determine the lipophilicity of the prodrugs. Stability of prodrugs in the skin extract and homogenate was also investigated before conducting the skin permeation studies. Increases in the Log P and capacity factor values were observed when alkyl esters of diclofenac were prepared. Since the aqueous solubility of the prodrugs was not high enough, they were saturated in propylene glycol (PG) for skin permeation studies. Prodrugs were rapidly metabolized to diclofenac, both in skin homogenate and in dermal extract of skin. The skin permeation rate of alkyl ester prodrugs was significantly higher than diclofenac with shorter lag time. Moreover, a parabolic relationship was observed between the permeation rate and the log P values of prodrugs, and the maximum flux was achieved at a log P value of around 4.0.

디클로페낙 프로드럭들의 흰쥐 피부 투과

도희정,조원제,용철순,이치호,김대덕 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.11 No.-

Various alkyl ester prodrugs of diclofenac were synthesized in order to investigate the relationship between their skin permeation characteristics and physicohemical properties. Solubility in various vehicles was meastured at room temperature. 1-Octanol/water partition coefficients (Log P) and capacity factors (k") were measured to detemine the lipophilicity of the prodrugs. Stability of prodrugs in the skin extract and homogenate was also investigated before conduction the skin permeation studies. Increases in the Log P and capacity factor values were observed when alkyl esters of diclofenac were perpared. Since the aqueous solubility of the prodrugs was not high enough, they were saturated in propylene glycol (PG) for skin permeation studies. Prodrugs were rapidly metabolized to diclofenac, both in skin homogenate and in dernal extract of skin. The skin permeation rate of alkyl ester prodrugs was significantly higher than diclofenac with shorter lag time. Morecover, a parabolic relationship was observed between the pemeation rate and the log P values of prodrugs, and the maximum flux was achieved at a log P value of around 4.0.