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니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성
조혜영,김은아,정현철,심영순,임동구,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-
Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetiler^TM (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^TM (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07 7.98㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.
정혜영,정희경,서용한,오희선,이명희 한국의류산업학회 2004 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.6 No.1
Costume plays have been of interest to young people in the recent years. The much increased interest in costume plays has prompted many researchers to verify the behavior characteristics of costume players Despite the importance of the costume play, there has been no systematic study of it. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the influence of life style on behavior characteristics of the costume player. The subjects of this study were members of the web sits(wwwcosmakercom). A total of 155 subjects responded to the questionnaires and the 143 responses were used for further data analysis. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, and one-way ANOVA. These were the results of the stud: First, costume player groups are classified into three sub-dimensions: other people-oriented, show-off oriented, and exclusive ego oriented. Second, the behavior characteristics of costume player are significantly shown among those groups.
조희숙,석선화 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2003 영유아보육연구 Vol.9 No.-
The purposes of this study, comparing the Kong-gui Pat-gui folktales of Korea with Cinderella of Grimm, are to understand the social and cultural meanings of their similarities as well as differences, and furthermore to discover developmental psychological implications. The common functional structure of characters in the Kong-gui Pat-gui, and Cinderella consists of absence - difficult task - solution - exposure - recognition - wedding - punishment. Both Kong-gui Pat-gui and Cinderella reflect the optimistic world view, which expected that the painful real life would get better in the future, based on the father-centered agricultural society as well the real mother's death that was not unusual in those days and give ethical lessons. They, however, are different in the views of love, marriage, woman, religion and revival. What is more, the two stories symbolically represent the Oedipus period and resolve psychological conflicts of children in the period. Furthermore, they provide stability as well as opportunities for giving vent to a destructive instinct through the great mother archetype. The archetype of death in Kong-gui and Pat-gui connotes revival, giving consolation to children who fear death. In addition, the process of incidence in Kong-gui Pat-gui is close to perfect integration compared to Cinderella, contributing to personalization.
홍순정,문양세,김혜숙,김진호,정영준 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2007 정보통신논문지 Vol.11 No.-
In the mobile Internet environment, we need to perform frequent accesses between a mobile device and a content server for searching or downloading learning materials. In this paper, we propose an efficient prefetching technique to reduce the network cost and to improve the communication efficiency in the mobile dictionary. Contributions of the paper can be summarized as follows. First, we propose an overall framework for the prefetching-based mobile dictionary. Second, we present a method of determining the amount of prefetching data for each of packet-based and flat-rate billing cases. Third, by focusing on the English-Korean mobile dictionary for middle or high school students, we propose a method of determining the words to be prefetched in advance. Fourth, based on these determination methods, we propose an efficient prefetching algorithm. Fifth, through experiments, we show superiority of our prefetching-based method. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional on-demand method, our prefetching-based method improves the average performance by 9.8%~19.7% for the packet-based billing and by 19.0%~33.2% for the flat-rate billing. These results indicate that our framework can be widely used not only in the mobile dictionary but also in other mobile Internet applications that require the prefetching technique.
이지혜,오소영,윤정흠,김선경,이귀행 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.1
목적: 정신분열병 환자의 적응 상태와 증상 형성에 영향을 주는 것으로 생각되는 인지기능 상태를 주의력, 형태 인식, 단어에 대한 구별과 종합 기능을 평가해봄으로써 알아보고자 하였다 방법: 정신분열병 환자 27명과 대조군 27명을 대상으로 하였고, 평가 도구로써 주의력은 K-WAIS의 숫자외우기 문제로, 형태 인식은 K-WAIS의 모양 맞추기 문제와 숨은 그림 찾기로, 단어 기능은 K-WAIS의 공통성 문제와 단어 차이 검사로 각각 이루어졌다. 통계 처리는 SPSS 11.5를 이용하여 Chi-Square test와 Student's t-test로 검증을 하였다. 결과: 정신분열군은 숫자외우기, 숨은 그림 찾기, 모양 맞추기에서는 대조군보다 낮은 점수를 보였다. 단어 차이 검사와 공통성 문제에서는 양군에서 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구에서 정신분열군의 인지 기능은 정상인 대조군에 비해 주의력과 형태 인식 기능이 유의하게 떨어져 있었으며, 단어들을 구분하고 종합하는 능력은 차이가 없었다. 이런 결과는 임상적으로 정신분열병에서 보이는 망상이 언어적인 측면에서는 어느 정도 전달이 되는 현상과 일치하지만 주의나 형태인지와 같은 기본적인 과정에서 장애가 있다는 추정을 하게 한다. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia by assessing attention, recognition of a shape, and verbal function. Methods: The subjects were 27 patients with schizophrenia group and 27 control group. Attention was assessed by the digit span task(K-WAIS subtest). The recognition of a shape was assessed by the object assembly task(K-WAIS subtest) and hidden figure task. Verbal function was assessed by Similiarities(K-WAIS subtest) and the different word task. Analysis was performed by the Chi-Square test and Student's t-test via SPSS 11.5. Result: Schizophrenia group had statistically lower scores than control group in digital span, hidden figure and object assembly. There was no difference between two groups in dimensions of difference in words and similarity. Conclusion: This study showed that patients with schizophrenia had impairments in attention and recognition of shape, and no difference between two groups in verbal ability. These explained the partial communicative function of delusion in verbal level. The formation of delusion might be related to the more basic elements such as attention and recognition of shape.
한국과 일본의 초등학교 의사결정능력 함양교육 내용의 비교 분석 : 6학년 사회 교과서를 중심으로
정혜자,손병선 순천대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 科學과 敎育 Vol.8 No.-
The purpose of this study is to analyze the educational contents for enhancing decision-making ability of Korean elementary school social studies textbook, to compare them with those of Japanese textbook, and then to find some hints for enhancing decision-making ability in Korean textbook. The main method of this study was relatively simple. We calculate percentages of the contents, those seem to be judged for enhancing decision-making ability in their textbooks. The findings are as follows; First, Korean textbook placed more emphasis on decision-making ability than Japanese textbook took, judging from the proportions of their sentences. Second, both Korean and Japanese textbook stressed truth, human dignity, self-realization values, and public good, while Japanese textbook highlighted especially truth, peace, human dignity. Third, in the light of inquiry on social problems, Korean textbook accentuated international problems, the gap of income inequality, environmental problems, while Japanese textbook highlighted international, environmental, and consumer problems. Fourth, viewing from the pictures on value-related problems, Korean textbook placed more weights on human dignity, peace, and fraternity, but Japanese textbook did on peace, human dignity, and truth. Fifth, in view of the pictures on inquiry-related problems, Korean textbook accentuated international problems, the gap of income inequality, and environments, but Japanese textbook did international problems, environments, the gap of wealth-poverty.
신혜종,허선 順天鄕大學校 學生生活硏究所 1997 學生生活硏究 Vol.6 No.-
The purpose of this study was to establish a foundation for an effective career planning counseling for students majoring in social welfare. Social welfare is a unique discipline which has many subdivisions and field. Students who are majoring in social welfare needs more delicate career planning counseling where each person can explore and find a career that is suitable and enjoyable for him/her. In this study, the authors conducted an exploratory study of college students on their attitudes on the major and career planning after graduation in Chungnam province. Total of 237 students from three universities which have social welfare major have participated in this study. Since all three universities let students decide their major in the beginning of the second year, freshmen were excluded from this study. The study was done with survey method in which questionnaires were delivered to social welfare departments of participating universities and asked to send the completed ones back to the authors. The students were asked to complete the questionnaire during the class period, The questionnaire was consisted of three major part: demographic information, questions on social welfare major, questions on career planning. After data were collected, 14 cases which didn't answer the third part were omitted from the career planning analysis. Those 14 cases, however, were included in the analysis of sample characteristics. The result of the study was as follows: 1. Students' motivation to choose social welfare as their major was that it seemed to fit with their aptitude and/or interest. When students choose their major, three most influential persons were students themselves, parents, and their senior-year teacher. 2. The general satisfaction regarding their major was fairly high. The reported reason for that was the same as their motivation for choosing social welfare as their major. 3. More than half of the sample has reported that they are interested in direct social work practice. In addition to that welfare for children/adolescents, welfare for infants and toddlers were the most interested social welfare practice fields. 4. Most students wanted careers that are related to their major. The percentage of students who want major-related careers increase as they advance in the academic year. However, career planning of male students was different from that of female students. Male students have tendency to look for careers that are not related to their major Those include entering careers in different fields and starting own businesses. 5. In career planning maturity index, 'Planning' and 'Independence' didn't show statistically significant difference among subgroups. In 'Decisiveness', however, male and seniors reported higher scores than female and sophomore/junior students. This study was concluded with underlying assumption that college career guidance should be done within particular major, so that students can find their career interest and prepare for the future as soon as they learn their aptitude and interest. When they learn about themselves regarding their interest, they can plan their coursework, field instructions, volunteer works according to that. The authors wish that this kind of study would be done with bigger sample size including universities in other areas, so that career planning counselors of major professors could have extensive data to effectively guide the students when they need them.
오수진,조경혜 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2007 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.19 No.-
The purpose of this study was to establish culture system of dermal papilla (DP) cells which thought to play an essential role in the induction of new hair follicles and the maintenance of hair growth and to investigate the effect of Schizonepeta tenyifotia Briq. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. extracts on maintenance of anagen phase of DP cells. DP cells were isolated from the back skin of the newborn rats and were shown a large round shape at immediately after isolation. The cells were attached to the culture plate with monolayer and fallen with 70-80% confluency on day 4. In order to confirm DP cell biomarkers of the isolated and cultured cells, the gene expression of versican and nexin was analyzed by RT-PCR. The result showed that both genes were highly expressed and DP cell marker enzyme, alkaline phosphatase activity also was strongly increased in these isolated and cultured cells. The effects of the Schizonepeta tenyifolia Briq. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. extracts on the hair-induction ability of cultured DP cells were examined. Because these extracts increased mRNA expression level of VEGF and versican in a dose-dependent manner, these extracts may be involved in inducing or maintaining anagen phase of hair cells. When DP cells were treated with these extracts, the mRNA expressions of IGF and KGF were also upregulated more than that of minoxidil treatment. These results suggest that these extracts may be candidates for helping hair growth promotion. In addition, when DP cells were treated with plant extracts mixture, VEGF and versican mRNA expression was synergistically increased.