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관념으로서의 미 : 허치슨 취미론의 로크적 토대에 관한 고찰 A Study of Lockean Foundation of Hutcheson's Theory of Taste
김한결 한국미학회 2004 美學 Vol.37 No.-
What are meant by "the modern" and "the aesthetic" in the term "modern aesthetics"? The aim of this study is to answer this question by examining Locke's influence on Hu tcheson who is increasingly credited with "the founder of modern aesthetics." A lthough Locke's Essay is not an aesthetics book, and appears to be the most remo te from any aesthetic discussion, this was the methodological foundation o f Hutcheson's Inquiry. Hutcheson's aesthetics founds upon the ontological thesis, Nominalism, and the modern scientific theory, Corpuscularianism. With this scientific paradigm Hutcheson adopts Locke's theory of internal sense in his analy sis of beauty. He analyses the experience of beauty not as a concept- forming process but as a contemplation of what are already perceived, i.e., "simple ideas". Simple ideas are primitive mental items caused by "privative causes" of the external world: they are "privative" in that they do not exist as we find them in our phenomenal field. Harmony, for Hutcheson, is thus a certain perceptual rela tionship between simple ideas. And their privative causes are a bundle of par ticles. Taste perceives this relational property with no knowledge required of wh at the world itself is. Hutcheson's nominalism of beauty consists of the following t heses: (1) beauty is an idea; (2) it is a simple idea, not of external sense, but of internal sense; (3) it is immediately perceived by internal sense. Hutcheson's originality lies in giving purely contemplative function to internal sense which ha d the function of evaluating objects in terms of self-preservation in Locke's Essay.
이한결 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2012 Ewha Law Review Vol.2 No.1
‘키워드 검색광고(Keyword Search Advertisement)’라 함은 광고주가 인터넷 포털업체로부터 특정 키워드를 구매하거나 이러한 키워드와 관련된 인터넷 공간을 구매하여, 이용자가 해당 키워드를 검색한 경우 검색결과화면에 광고주의 사이트가 표시되거나 광고주를 홍보하는 내용의 배너광고가 게재되도록 하는 온라인 마케팅 기법이다. 최근 인터넷 검색엔진의 사용이 증가함에 따라 이러한 키워드 검색광고 서비스와 관련된 많은 분쟁이 발생하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 ① 상표권자의 상표를 경쟁업체에 검색용어로 판매하는 인터넷 포털업체의 키워드 검색광고 서비스가 상표법상 상표권 침해 등에 해당하는지 여부, ② 상표권자가 인터넷 포털업체에 대해 상표권 침해 기타 법적 책임을 물을 수 있는지 여부, ③ 상표권자가 경쟁업체(광고주)에 대해 상표권 침해 기타 법적 책임을 물을 수 있는지 여부가 문제된다. 키워드 검색광고의 상표권 침해여부는 상표법상 상표의 사용에 해당하는지와 상표권 침해를 구성하기 위한 요소로서 혼동가능성이 존재하는지, 그리고 부정경쟁방지법상 상표 희석화에 해당하는지 여부를 기준으로 판단한다. 이러한 문제의식을 바탕으로 키워드 검색광고의 상표법적 문제 및 관련된 법적 쟁점들에 관하여 검토하고, 상술한 문제점들에 관한 합리적인 해결방안을 생각해 볼 필요가 있다. Internet search engines have become one of the most important tools of the online advertisement. As the internet service is getting developed nowadays, there are many serious cases in which the famous trademark is misused by others without consent from real holders. They are purposing of free-riding on reputation of trademark. By this consequence, its right holder come to loose their customers because of this incorrect search result from their trademarks. This is causing issues on trademark law regarding online advertisement. To judge whether the trademark is infringed is mainly depend on if it is used as a trademark and if it has likelihood of confusion as a factor to constitute trademark infringement, and if infringing a principle of dilution on unfair competition law. Therefore, we will review the problems of each factor related to point at issues above mentioned and it will be focused on legal problem related to keyword search advertisement in trademark law. Then we will discuss the matter of protection schemes in trademark law for famous trademark terms used on keyword search advertisement along with the study over application and solution for infringement of trademark and unfair competition.
Tumor response assessment by the single-lesion measurement per organ in small cell lung cancer
( Han Kyul Kim ),( Jung Han Kim ),( Hyeong Su Kim ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Background: The criterion of two target lesions per organ in the RECIST version 1.1 is an arbitrary one, being supported by no objective evidence. The optimal number of target lesions per organ still needs to be investigated. We compared tumor responses using the RECIST 1.1 (measuring two target lesions per organ) and modified RECIST 1.1 (measuring the single largest lesion in each organ) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients with SCLC who received first-line treatment between January 2004 and December 2014 and compared tumor responses according to the two criteria using computed tomography. Results: There were a total of 34 patients who had at least two target lesions in any organ according to the RECIST 1.1 during the study period. The differences in the percentage changes of the sum of tumor measurements between RECIST 1.1 and modified RECIST 1.1 were all within 13%. Seven patients showed complete response and fourteen showed partial response according to the RECIST 1.1. The overall response rate was 61.8%. When assessing with the modified RECIST 1.1 instead of the RECIST 1.1, tumor responses showed perfect concordance between the two criteria (k=1.0). Conclusions: The modified RECIST 1.1 showed perfect agreement with the original RECIST 1.1 in the assessment of tumor response of SCLC. Our result suggests that it may be enough to measure the single largest target lesion per organ for evaluating tumor response. Keywords: Target lesion; RECIST 1.1; Modified RECIST 1.1; Tumor response; Small cell lung cancer
Han Kyul Lim,박용순,Jeong Hyeon Kim,김정현 대한가정의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.42 No.5
Background: Tobacco smoking is associated with several diseases and deaths in older Koreans. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with smoking cessation in older Koreans. Methods: We selected 579 subjects who started smoking before the age of 65 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018. We excluded the subjects who quit smoking before the age of 65 years, and then categorized the rest of subjects into those who stopped smoking after the age of 65 years and those who are constant smokers. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to evaluate the factors related to smoking cessation among older Koreans. Results: Among the participants, 66.1% were persistent smokers. After multivariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with smoking cessation were as follows: being in the age group of 75–79 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.12–7.83), being in the age group of 70–74 years (aOR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.72– 5.61), a family history of ischemic heart disease (aOR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.09–10.35), and having had no cancer screening (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18–0.70). Conclusion: Further efforts to identify the factors related to smoking cessation will help formulate a smoking cessation policy.
서비스 할당을 이용한 유비쿼터스 환경에서의 그룹상황 인지 서비스 검색 기법
유한결(Han-Kyul You),김도현(Do-hyun Kim),X.T. Hoang,이영희(Young-hee Lee) 한국정보과학회 2008 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.35 No.2
본 논문을 통해, 본 연구는 유비쿼터스 환경에서의 새로운 그룹상황 인지 서비스 검색 기법(Group-aware Service Discovery scheme(GASD))을 제안한다. 즉, 서비스 검색 시에 그룹 컨텍스트 정보를 고려하여, 검색 결과에 따른 사용자의 만족도를 향상시킴과 동시에 시스템의 오버헤드를 줄이고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 제안 기법은 다음과 같은 주요 특징들을 갖는다. 이 주요 특징들은 1) 그룹 쿼리수합 기법을 통해 여러 요청 질의들을 수집하고 비슷한 의도를 가진 질의들을 그룹화시켜 서비스 검색 시에 여러 사용자가 한 서비스에 대한 충돌상황을 피할 수 있도록 해주는 것이며, 2) 공유 서비스 할당 기법을 통하여 검색된 서비스를 적절하게 그룹 안의 개별 사용자에게 할당하여, 서비스 할당에 대한 사용자들의 만족도를 최대화시킴과 동시에 여러 사용자가 공통된 서비스를 공유하여 사용할 수 있는 환경을 제공하여 주는 것이다. 연구 결과를 통해, 본 제안 기법은 기존의 의미기반의 서비스 검색에 비하여 전체적인 사용자 만족도와 시스템 성능에서 더 향상된 모습을 보여주었으며, 효율적인 할당 알고리즘을 바탕으로 더 좋은 품질(quality)의 서비스를 사용자에게 제공하는 것으로 드러났다.