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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Hakryul (검색결과 5 건)
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Regulation of NAD+-Specific Isocitrate Dehydrogenase from Pythium ultimum
Kim, Hakryul,Weete, John D. The Korea Science and Technology Center 1999 BMB Reports Vol.32 No.4
The NAD? -specific activity of a dual coenzyme-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH; EC 1.1.1.41) from the primitive fungus Pythium ultimum was investigated to elucidate the regulatory factors that may influence the intracellular distribution of carbon and the availability of intermediates, e.g. citrate, for fatty acid synthesis. Inhibition of NAD? -IDH activity by diphospho- and triphosphonucleotides (ATP, ADP, and GTP) reflected the sensitivity of this enzyme to cellular energy charge even though monophosphonucleotides (AMP and GMP) had little effect on activity. NADPH, but not NADH, substantially inhibition with isocitrate. Oxalacetate and α-ketoglutarate showed competitive inhibition with isocitrate, while citrate and cis-aconitate showed mixed-noncompetitive inhibition with isocitrate. Inhibition by these substances ranged from 29 to 46% at 10 mM. The inhibitory effect of oxalacetate was increased synergistically by glyoxylate, which alone caused 31% uncompetitive inhibition at 10 mM, and a mixture of the two substances at 1 mM each showed 98% inhibition of NAD? -IDH activity. The regulation of NAD? -IDH in Pythium ultimum seems to be a complex process involving mitochondrial metabolities. The addition of glyoxylate (3 mM) and oxalacetate (3 mM) to the culture medium resulted in the production of 49% more lipid by P. ultimum.
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Mi Kyung Lee,Hakryul Jo,Kyung-Soon Kim,Eun-Kyoung Yang,Won-Jung Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.2
<P> In an attempt to investigate whether hemorrhage affects the gene expression of the renin-angioteusin system (RAS) components in the brain and peripheral angiotensin-generating tissues, changes in mRNA levels of the RAS components in response to hemorrhage were measured in conscious unrestrained rats. Wistar rats were bled at a rate of 3 ml/kg/min for 5 min, and then decapitated 7 h after hemorrhage. Levels of mRNA for renin, angiotensinogen and angiotensin II-AT<SUB>1</SUB> receptor subtypes (AT<SUB>1A</SUB> and AT<SUB>1B</SUB>) were determined with the methods of northern blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Hemorrhage produced a profound hypotension with tachycardia, but blood pressure and heart rate recovered close to the basal level at 7 h. Plasma and renal renin levels were significantly increased at 7 h. Hemorrhage induced rapid upregulation of gene expression of both AT<SUB>1A</SUB> and AT<SUB>1B</SUB> receptor subtypes in the brainstem and hypothalamus, downregulation of them in the adrenal gland and liver. However, renin mRNA level increased in the brainstem, decreased in the liver, but was not changed in the hypothalamus, kidney and adrenals after hemorrhage. Angiotensinogen mRNA level was not significantly changed in any of the tissue except a slight increase in the liver. The kidney and liver did not show any significant change in gene expression of the RAS components. These results suggest that gene expression of the RAS in central and peripheral tissues are, at least in part, under independent control and the local RAS in each organ plays specific physiologic role.
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전도성 입자의 형태가 감광성 실버 페이스트의 미세 전극 패턴 형성에 미치는 영향
임호선(Ho Sun Lim),최학렬(Hakryul Choi),김범준(Bumjoon Kim),박성대(Sung-Dae Park) 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.4
전도성이 우수한 미세 전극 패턴을 형성하기 위해 은 분말을 함유한 감광성 페이스트를 구현하고 입자의 형태에 따른 전기적 특성을 평가하였다. 노볼락 에폭시 변성 아크릴레이트 올리고머, 아크릴레이트 단량체, 광개시제를 혼합하여 광경화 및 알칼리 현상이 가능한 수지조성을 기반으로 은 분말을 첨가하여 감광성 Ag 페이스트를 제조하였다. 구형 은 분말의 함량이 증가할수록 전도성 입자간 밀집도가 좋아져 비저항(volume resistance) 값은 낮아졌으며, 88 wt%의 구형 은 분말을 함유한 페이스트는 1.14×10<SUP>-4</SUP> Ω·cm의 값을 나타내었다. 구형과 판상형 은 분말을 8:2의 비로 혼합하였을 때 84 wt%로 은 분말의 함량을 줄였음에도 불구하고 비저항은 7.04×10<SUP>-5</SUP>Ω·cm로 가장 우수한 값을 보였다. 이 결과는 판상형 은 분말이 구형 분말 사이의 전도성 연결을 개선하여 전기가 흐르기 용이하도록 만들어 주었기 때문이다. Photosensitive silver pastes were developed using a mixture of spherical and flake-type silver particles for fine electrode patterns with high electrical conductivity, and the electrical characteristics were evaluated as a function of particle shape. The photosensitive silver pastes mixed up novolac epoxy-modified acrylate oligomer, acrylate monomer, and photoinitiator as a photocurable and alkali-developable binder resin composition, and silver spheres and flakes as conductive fillers. With a increase of silver loading amount the volume resistance decreased due to enhancement of packing density between the conductive fillers, where the conductive paste with 88 wt% silver sphere content showed 1.14×10<SUP>-4</SUP> Ω·cm. When the silver particles loading and sphere to flake ratio were 84 wt% and 8:2, the volume resistance exhibited 7.04×10<SUP>-5</SUP> Ω·cm. This result was attributed to improvement of electrical contacts between silver spheres by flakes.
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