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Original Articles : Description of national avian influenza surveillance program in Korea
( Hachung Yoon ),( Oun Kyong Moon ),( Ji Da Choi ),( Woo Seog Jeong ),( Jun Hee Han ),( Young Mi Cho ),( Young Myung Kang ),( Hyo Young Ahn ),( Do Soon Kim ),( Tim Carpenter ) 한국예방수의학회 2014 예방수의학회지 Vol.38 No.2
This study describes the national program of year-round surveillance and monitoring for avian influenza (AI). The validity of the epidemiologically-based surveillance scheme was assessed. Korea’s current surveillance program is aimed at detecting subclinical infection of either the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus or the low pathogenic avian influenza virus, types H5 and H7, both of which carry risk of converting to HPAI. The current AI surveillance program has demonstrated that implementing a surveillance strategy is plausible. Farmer and livestock related professional support is the critical step of specimen collection to discover hidden infection. Early detection of AI virus infection can achieve best by the combined efforts of farmers, animal health authorities, and other related industries.
Epidemiology of brucellosis among cattle in Korea from 2001 to 2011
Hachung Yoon,Oun-Kyong Moon,이수한,Won-Chang Lee,Moon Her,정우석,Suk-Chan Jung,Do-Soon Kim 대한수의학회 2014 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.15 No.4
In the present study, the outbreak patterns of bovinebrucellosis in Korea from 2000 to 2011 were analyzed tounderstand the epidemiological evolution of this disease inthe country. A total of 85,521 brucella reactor animals wereidentified during 14,215 outbreaks over the 12-year studyperiod. The number of bovine brucellosis cases increasedafter 2003 and peaked in 2006 before decreasing thereafter. The majority of the bovine brucellosis cases were Koreannative cattle, Han Woo. The numbers of human brucellosiscases and cattle outbreaks increased and decreased in thesame pattern. The correlation coefficient for human andbovine cases per year was 0.96 (95% confidence interval =0.86∼0.99; p < 10−3). The epidemiological characteristicsof bovine brucellosis appeared to be affected by the intensityof eradication programs that mainly involved a testand-slaughter policy. Findings from the present study werebased on freely available statistics from web pagesmaintained by government agencies. This unlimited accessto information demonstrates the usefulness of government statistics for continually monitoring the health of animal populations.
Estimation of prevalence and sampling to estimate prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis
( Hachung Yoon ),( Wooseog Jeong ),( Jae Woon Jeong ),( Youn Ju Kim ),( Woo Jin Jeon ),( Oun Kyong Moon ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.1
This study describes a series of processes for development of a survey aimed at understanding the actual state of an infectious disease. It includes of a survey for estimation of prevalence, analysis of investigated data and appraisal of the operation. Examples were inspired from a survey on bovine tuberculosis in Korean native cattle (Bos Taurus coreanae), conducted between October and December 2007. The methodology concerns stratification, two-stage cluster sampling, intraduster correlation, and the probability of detecting cases in a population. This study is expected to serve as an example in operating surveillance and monitoring systems for animal health programs at the national level.
Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Korea from 1961 to 2004
Yoon, Hachung,Chung, Byung-Hyun,Yoon, Chong-Sam,Lee, Joo-Ho,Moon, Oun-Kyoung,Park, Seung-Yong,Lee, Won-Chang,Kim, Tae-Jong The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.1
The trend in the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Korean dairy cattle was investigated in relation to test programs used between 1961 and 2004, during which a total of 8,961,061 dairy cows were tested and 10,248 confirmed to have BTB. The annual prevalence increased in the late 1960s, then decreased during the 1970s and 1980s, and started to increase again from the late 1990s. It seemed that the prevalence varies according to the different test program used. The prevalence of BTB was higher when the tests were performed with heat-concentrated synthetic medium (HCSM) or purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin alone compared to that when using combined HCSM and PPD tuberculin testing.
Postoperative Radiation Therapy of Rectal Cancer
Chun,Hachung,Lee,Myung Za 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.2
1985년부터 1992년까지 본교실에서 수술수 방사선치료를 �T든 B또는 C병기직장암 환자 102명을 대상으로 본연구를 시행하였다. 환자나이의 중간값은 52세였으며 42예는 남성, 60예는 여성이었다. B 병기의환자는 14명이었으며 C병기의 환자는 88명이었다. 모든환자는 10MeV선형가속기로 차료받았으며 대부분 3면 조사 방법 (2측면및 1호방 조사) 으로 방사선을 주었다. 조사된 방사선의 중간값은 4950 rad 이었으며 최고값은 6040 rad 이었다. 4개월부터 91개월까지 추적조사 하였고 추적조사 기간의 중간값은 29개월이었다. B병기와 C병기 환자의 6년 생종율은 각각 78%와 21%이었으며 이것은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. N1 임파선 환자의 6년 생존율울 55%로서 N2 임파선 환자의 8%보다 유의하게 좋은 결과를 나타냈다. 그외 T 종양병기, 종양의 항문으로부터의 거리 및 병리학상 임파선 침윤 등의 예후인자를 조사한바 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 본 연구 결과 수술 호 방사선 치료가 짖장암 환자의 생존율을 향상 시킴을 알수 있었고 방사선 치료는 의미있는 합병증 없이 잘 견딜 수 있었다.
전하정(Hachung Chun),이명자(Myung Za Lee) 대한방사선종양학회 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.2
25예의 절제 불가능한 비소세포폐암 환자를 다불할조사 방사선 치료 및 추가 조사 기술로 치료하였다. 전에 수술이나 항암제 치료를 받았거나 늑막삼출 및 심한 체중감소 (체중의 10%이상)가 있는 환자는 이 연구에서 제외했다. 처음 3주에 걸쳐 27Gy를 15번에 나누어 large field에 조사하였다. 그 후에 large field에 1.8Gy를 준 후 cone down boost field에 1.4Gy를 하루에 두 번 주어 총 49.4Gy를 주었다. 49.4Gy를 준 후 추가조사 영역에 하루에 두 번 1.8Gy와 1.4Gy를 주었다. 총 조사량은 12명의 환자에서는 62.2Gy, 13명의 환자에서는 65.4Gy였다. 추적관찰 기간은 6개월에서 24개월 사이였다. 실질적인 생존율은 6, 12, 18개월에 각각 88%, 62%, 38%였다. 무병 생존율은 88%, 41%, 21%였다. 집합적 국소 재발율은 9, 12, 15개월에 각각 36%, 43%, 59%이었다. 24개월간 추적관찰한 결과 급성 합병증이나 후기 합병증의 증가는 없었다. 더 긴 기간의 추적관찰이 필요하지만, 절제 불가능한 비소세포 폐암의 다분할조사 방사선 치료 및 추가 조사기술의 효과를 판정하는데는 무작위 추출법을 사용하여 prospecitve 연구를 시행함이 필요하리라 생각된다. Twenty five patients with unresectable non-small cell carcinoma of the lung have been treated with hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concomitant boost technique since September, 1989. Those patients with gistory of previous surgery or chemotherapy, pleural effusion or significant weight loss (greater than 10% of body weight) were excluded from the study. Initially, 27Gy were delivered in 15 fractions in 3 weeks to the large field. Thereafter, large field received 1.8Gy and cone down boost field received 1.4Gy with twice a day fractinations up to 49.4Gy. After 49.4Gy, only boost field was treated twice a day with 1.8 and 1.4Gy. Total tumor doses were 62.2Gy for 12 patients and 65.4Gy for remaining 13 patients. Follow up period was ranged from 6 to 24 month. Actuarial survival rated at 6,12, and 18 month were 88%, 62%, and 38%, respectively. Corresponding disease free survival rates were 88%, 41%, and 21%, respectively. Actuarial cumulative local failure rates at 9, 12 and 15 month were 36%, 43%, and 59%, respectively. No significant increase of acute or late complications including radiation pneumonitis was noted with maximum follow up of 24 month. Although the longer follow up is needed, it is worthwhile to try the prospective randomized study to evaluate the efficacy of hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concomitant boost technique for unresectable non-small cell lung cancers in view of excellent tolerance of this treatment. In the future, futher increase of total radiation dose might be necessary to improve local control for non-small cell lung cancer.