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Gaussian-Based SMOTE Algorithm for Solving Skewed Class Distributions
Hansoo Lee,Jonggeun Kim,Sungshin Kim 한국지능시스템학회 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.17 No.4
Sufficient amount of learning data is an essential condition to implement a classifier with excellent performance. However, the obtained data usually follow a significantly biased distribution of classes. It is called a class imbalance problem, which is one of the frequently occurred issues in the real world applications. This problem causes a considerable performance drop because most of the machine learning methods assume given data follow a balanced distribution of classes. The implemented classifier will derive false classification results if the problem is not solved. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method, named as Gaussianbased SMOTE, to solve the problem by combining Gaussian distribution in a synthetic data generation process. It is confirmed that the proposed method could solve the class imbalance problem by conducting experiments with actual cases.
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Design and Fabrication of a Si PIN-type Radiation Detector for Alpha Spectroscopy
HanSoo Kim,SeHwan Park,JangHo Ha,조승연,KunSik Park 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.2
Silicon PIN-type radiation detectors, which have 4.5 kΩ·cm and 7 kΩ·cm resistivities, were designed and fabricated for alpha spectroscopy. The main design considerations of the Si PIN-type radiation detector were a high biasing voltage, a low leakage current, and a low alpha energy loss caused by the incident window of the p+ layer. Two guard electrodes and an edge protection structure were incorporated to minimize the leakage current and to apply a high bias voltage for full depletion. A shallow p+ layer and non-metal deposition on the p+ layer were also incorporated to minimize alpha energy loss. The doping profile of the p+ layer and the alpha energy loss due to p+ layer were approximately calculated by using a Silvaco device simulation tool kit and the SRIM code, respectively. About 7-nA reverse leakage current at a 200-V reverse bias voltage and an energy resolution a 1.1% for 5.5 MeV alpha particles were achieved with the fabricated Si PIN-type radiation detectors, which had two different resistivities. Several important aspects to consider in the fabrication of a Si PIN-type radiation detector are also addressed. Silicon PIN-type radiation detectors, which have 4.5 kΩ·cm and 7 kΩ·cm resistivities, were designed and fabricated for alpha spectroscopy. The main design considerations of the Si PIN-type radiation detector were a high biasing voltage, a low leakage current, and a low alpha energy loss caused by the incident window of the p+ layer. Two guard electrodes and an edge protection structure were incorporated to minimize the leakage current and to apply a high bias voltage for full depletion. A shallow p+ layer and non-metal deposition on the p+ layer were also incorporated to minimize alpha energy loss. The doping profile of the p+ layer and the alpha energy loss due to p+ layer were approximately calculated by using a Silvaco device simulation tool kit and the SRIM code, respectively. About 7-nA reverse leakage current at a 200-V reverse bias voltage and an energy resolution a 1.1% for 5.5 MeV alpha particles were achieved with the fabricated Si PIN-type radiation detectors, which had two different resistivities. Several important aspects to consider in the fabrication of a Si PIN-type radiation detector are also addressed.
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Yubu Island, the Important Waterbird Habitat on the West Coast of Korea and Its Conservation
Hansoo Lee,이시완,백운기,Jeong-Yeon Yi,Hwa-Chung Kim 한국해양과학기술원 2002 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.24 No.1
Yubu Island is located within the estuary of the Geum River, South Chungcheong Province (35o59'N, 126o36'E), Korea. The island is surrounded by a broad and sandy mudflat, which is typical in the west coast of Korea, and is located 4 km off from Gunsan City. Less than 100 humans live on the island, occupying 30 houses. After we discovered that this island was a very important waterbird habitat especially for the East Asian subspecies of the Eurasian oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus osculans. Waterbirds were monitored once every month from August 1999 to July 2000. The highest number of oystercatchers counted was 3,200 in December 1999, and the birds seemed to remain in the area continuously from September to next February. About 200 breeding and non-breeding birds remained during the breeding season. In August, early migrants returned to the island, with the number reaching 1,060 individuals. This island is also very important for other waterbirds. Endangered or significant species occurring at this site, and their maximum counts were: chinese egret Egretta eulophotes (5), black-faced spoonbill Platalea minor (17), brant Branta bernicla (1), common shelduck Tadorna tadorna (8,000), hooded crane Grus monacha (2), spoon-billed sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus (7), dunlin Calidris alpina (6,500), great knot Calidris tenuirostris (24,000), far eastern curlew Numenius madagascariensis (2,500), spotted greenshank Tringa guttifer (4) and Saunders's gull Larus saundersi (1,200). During the 12 month survey period, we observed 52 waterbird species and the total of the maximum counts for the separate species was 73,308, implying that perhaps 150,000 birds could be using the immediate area, if a turnover rate of 2 was assumed.
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Biochemical Properties of Human Organ - Specific Acid Phosphatase Isoenzymes
Hansoo Lee 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.3
Four acid phosphatases (AcP) were newly purified to homogeneity from human lung, spleen, kidney, and bladder using affinity chromatography on L(+)-tartrate, an inhibitor of AcP. The biochemical properties of these 4 phosphatases were compared with the properties of phosphatase isolated from human prostate. All had a similar molecular weight of approximately 100 kDa, and exhibited maximum enzymic activity at pH 5.5 to 6.0. These acid phosphatases from the human lung, spleen, kidney, and bladder had similar substrate affinities toward several phosphomonoester substrates, and exhibited highest reactivities toward p-nitrophenyl phosphate, among the substrates examined. The AcP of the prostate had highest affinity toward α-naphthyl phosphate. Phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity on ^(32)P-Tyr-labelled phosphopeptide substrates was demonstrated primarily by the AcP of the prostate. Although all AcP isoenzymes were inhibited to a similar extent by L(+)-tartrate, Fe^(3+), and fluoride, the AcP of the prostate was more sensifive to inhibition by Ca^(2+), Ba^(2+), La^(2+), and ethanol than the other AcP isoenzymes. The amino acid compositions of lung, spleen, kidney, and bladder AcP`s were almost identical, but were different from the amino acid composition of prostatic AcP. These results suggest that the acid phosphatases of the human lung, spleen, kidney, and bladder are products of the same gene, and are protein molecules distinct from the acid phosphatase of the human prostate.
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Hansoo Lee Presbyterian General Assembly Theological Seminary 2016 CHONGSHIN THEOLOGICAL JOURNAL Vol.21 No.-
The purpose of this article is to clarify the literary function of the symbolic images employed in Revelation and to present our proper interpretative alternative to them. By ‘hermeneutical alternative’ I mean that historical - grammatical interpretation could be improper for the interpretation of symbolic terms in Revelation, and thus it is necessary to implement such traditional method. Symbolic images in Revelation possess their distinctive value. A text within apocalyptic literature, however, is left open to multiple ways of interpretation, and this could cause scholars to offer divergent interpretations that are even inconsistent with each other. Of course, there can be no best way to correctly interpret apocalyptic symbols without any errors. Nevertheless, interpretative efforts to reduce the possibility of wrong and distorted interpretation are acutely necessary. The present writer will try to search for an interpretative alternative that may help us listen to the unique voice of Revelation saturated with symbolic images, recognizing the limitations of historical - grammatical interpretation. The Book of Revelation is a highly abstruse, apocalyptic writing that can cause even professional scholars to often get bogged down in conflicting interpretations of the same text. Then, this makes it necessary for us to carefully follow some established rules of interpretation to reduce the possibilities of falling into wrong interpretations. First of all, we must pay proper attention to the literary genre of Revelation as an apocalyptic literature whose material consists mainly of highly symbolic images. Since the majority of the material in it is figurative, it is crucial to distinguish four levels of communication in order to avoid collapsing the visionary and the symbolic level into the referential, historical level. Most of the interpretative confusions originate from the failure to distinguish these levels by blending them. It is also important to carefully consider certain established norms for one’s interpretation of Revelation: that is, the context in which a symbol occurs, the manner in which it is used in the narrative flow of the book, the relation of it to the other symbols of the book, the author’s literary habit of paralleling or contrasting images, and the socio - cultural background of the Old Testament, the Jewish literature, and the Mediterranean society in which a particular symbol was brought to being. If one intends to reduce interpretative confusions and mistakes as far as possible, probably these are some useful hermeneutical criteria to be applied to one’s interpretation of apocalyptic symbols (*).
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The Effect of Order-disorder Transition of SBS on the Performance Grade in PMA
Hansoo Park,Sunwoo Cheen,Jun Sang Park,Pil Sung Kim 한국도로학회 2018 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.05
The worldwide PMA pavement is steadily increasing. Unlike straight asphalt at the specified temperature of the performance grade, PMA has little increase in complex modulus after RFTO. Even after satisfying the complex modulus of the original binder, the complex modulus after the RTFO does not satisfy the grade, so that the SBS may be over-prescribed. Unlike straight asphalt, PMA investigated the reason that the complex modulus did not increase after RTFO in this study. SBS consists of a styrene domain and a butadiene matrix. The morphology of SBS in PMA is not clear. The PMA was heat - treated to induce the formation of styrene domain and PG evaluation was carried out. As a result, we confirmed that the formation of styrene domain with aging effect changed the complex modulus after RTFO.
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