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Cultural and Domestic Memory in Seamus Heaney’s Bog Poems
( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ),( Kim¸ Chong-kyen ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.2
This paper deals with Seamus Heaney's bog poems and the meaning of cultural memory. He delves into the bog, examines its past and history, develops its present situation and negotiates between the present and past, not missing its originality. In fact, the bog poems suggest different reconstructions of the same event, different ways of remembering or recalling memory traces. And memory emerges from these negotiations and strategies as a range of processes of recovery. The person remembering an object can enter into the unknown. So, it is a creative or interpretative process of narrating memory traces in terms of the context of retrieval, rather than an archaeological process of revealing discrete or complete memories. It is also a means of representing the ongoing trace of the past or the presence of the past, rather than of discovering a finished past. In the context, poems such as “Kinship,” “The Tollund Man,” “The Bog Queen” and “The Grauballe Man” can be applicable to memorial images of Irish bog. Heaney's attitude to the past has changed radically in the bog poems. The poet's attitude to the past is so subdued and private, as exemplified by the inclusion his wife in the peaceful pastoral scene. Irish history and memory is considered to be originated and completed on a domestic dimension rather than a national dimension.
A Reverie for Fire and Death in “Little Gidding”
( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.2
The study aims to suggest that both T. S. Eliot and Gaston Bachelard are concerned with archetypal imagery and reverie for the four elements, and they have comparison to their creations and processes of poetic images. Especially, “Little Gidding,” the fourth poem in Four Quartets deals with fire or flame images and cosmic order, psychoanalysis or poetics of fire by Bachelard, also deals with fire images such as Phoenix and Prometheus, so this paper compares and analyzes two poets' poetry in the poem because their ways to develop from reverie of fire, to the consciousness for time and history, to the meditation for order of cosmos, works of both authors are comparably analogous. Eliot grasps the still point on rotating world as pure, high and sacred culmination, so finally reaches the instance that a human encounters God's love. He also materializes God's love with the fire image and regards it as the glory that we can obtain by conquering humane desires and affections. If the fire is a symbol of God's love, the rose is a symbol of humane love and death. That means the instance combining humane love and death into the fire of anguish, transcendence and purgation. This is considered as the ultimate vision in Dante's Paradiso, the intersection of the time and the timeless of Eliot, and the reverberation or transformation of being in Bachelard's poetics. As new literary images, creation of images is possible to participate in our beings, and as readers, we can experiences the kind of reverberation that give the energy of an origin to being.
Balance in Movement from Earthly Roots to Airy Imagination in Seamus Heaney’s Poems
( Seong¸ Chang-gyu ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.2
This study is to figure out elemental images and the balance with nature & culture in Seamus Heaney's poems. In his whole work, we can find poetic process from earthly images to airy images, which can relate to Bachelard's four element theory. The correlation between nature and culture, between place and language, between earthy rootedness and airy imagination can perform a key role in Heaney's poem, especially bog poems such as “The Tollund Man”, “Bogland” etc. The bogland as a wet center or combination with earth and water, can relate to richness and feminine productivity with sorrowful Irish history. The elemental images are applied to Heaney's poems in order to distinguish between his earthy phase and airy phase. The earthy phase with water and downward movement are found until North, and the new airy phase with light and upward movement are found from Field Work. Though his poems reveal unfair Irish history through victims beneath the bogland, he also reflects the present daily lives and elemental materiality with Irish natural landscape on them, yet never avoiding the past culture.
열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구
배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2
Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.
배규현,홍성욱,박상원 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-
Input shaping is widely accepted to be a useful tool for removing residual vibration in cranes. The UMZV(unity magnitude zero vibration) input shaper is often employed for cranes driven by on-off type motors. However, the UMZV input shaper makes the cranes move slightly further than expected from the original command while it can remove the residual vibration out of the cranes. This paper deals with a method of input shaping scheme which can compensate the position inaccuracy as well as remove the residual vibration of cranes. The proposed method is illustrated through a numerical simulation.
서성규,윤형선 國立 麗水大學校 환경문제硏究所 2001 環境硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-
This study has been investigated the pyrolysis effect of pretreatment gas on Mn-PC(Phthalocyanine) and Mn oxide catalysts for the combustion of methanol and acetaldehyde. TGA thermogram for Mn-PC showed about 88% loss of mass at 419℃. Also, the catalytic activity of the pyrolysed Mn-PC was compared with that of Mn oxides. The catalysts were characterised by performing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) before and after they had been exposed in the presence of air or air and methanol mixture at 450℃. After pyrolysis of Mn-PC, Mn_(3)O_(4) in the presence of air at 450℃, there was a formation of new manganese oxide phase, Mn_(3)O_(4), Mn_(2)O_(3) confirmed by XRD, respectively. In the blank test of metahnol and acetaldehyde combustion, reactants conversion was not observed up to 440℃ and 320℃, respectively. The relative catalytic activity of Mn oxides on acetaldehyde combustion was summarized as following: MnO <MnO_(2) <Mn_(2)O_(3) <Mn_(3)O_(4). Catalytic activity of Mn_(3)O_(4) is better than of commercial catalysts (CK-306, CK-307) over 260℃.
코발트 담지 카본블랙 촉매를 이용한 아세트알데히드 산화반응
서성규,윤형선 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-
This study was performed to investigate the possibility of acetaldehyde oxidation on Co/carbon black catalyst. The experiment was conducted at the reaction temperature of 200~440℃, the acetaldehyde concentration of 0.94mole% in air and the cobalt loading amounts of 2~60wt%. The characterization of the carbon black and Co/carbon black catalyst was carried out by TGA and XRD analysis. The thermal characteristics of the carbon black was stable to the high temperature(600℃). XRD result showed that Co/carbon black were destroyed and new metal oxide were formed such as Co_(3)O_(4). Co_(3)O_(4) crystallite addition on the catalysts surface provided the greatest enhancement of the catalytic activity. The order of activity on acetaldehyde oxidation was summarized as follow: SiO_(2)<TiO_(2)<carbon black<SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3). It was found from the experimental results and the economic consideration that carbon black could effectively be utilized as a support for acetaldehyde oxidation. The activity of Co/carbon black catalyst were varied with the cobalt loading amount and the optimum loading content of cobalt was found 10wt%.
자기베어링시스템 강성의 실험적 고찰을 통한 안정화 특성에 관한 연구
강성구,강종규,홍준희 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-
Due to the lack of stiffness and difficulties of control, it is hard to achieve well balanced magnetic levitation. In this paper, we analysis the current and position stiffness change according to bias current through experiment. Then, compensation equations were presented. After obtaining PD gain for each bias current and PD gain region through levitation experiment, we consider the characteristics.
서성규,이정섭,송준석 國立麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2004 環境硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-
This study was investigated the effects of various system parameters on the absorption of carbon dioxide into absorption solution. An aqueous potassium carbonate solution was used as a chemical absorbent in order to figure out the effect of chemical reaction. For this purpose, the chemical analysis of potassium carbonate solution was performed. The changes of pressure, temperature, K₂CO₃solution flow/feed gas ratio and solution concentration in the absorber and the changes of pressure and temperature in the stripper were also analyzed. The analysis result shows that K₂CO₃ concentration in potassium carbonate solution was 99.6%. The optimum pressure was found to be 27.0㎏/㎠ and the optimum temperature was to be 68℃, the optimum concentration of potassium carbonate solution was to be 26.0wt% in the absorber. The CO₂ leakage decreased with the increment of the K₂CO₃ solution flow/feed gas ratio. But the H₂ leakage in the CO₂ product increased at or above the K₂CO₃ solution flow/feed gas ratio of 1.10. This H₂ leakage induced by the loss of ammonia production. The effects of the changes of the operation condition of the CO₂ stripper to the K₂CO₃ conversion are as follows. The K₂CO₃ conversion decreased as the pressure decreased. The K₂CO₃ conversion increased as the temperature increased. However, increasing the temperature without decreasing the pressure did not bring positive effect. The optimum pressure was found to be 0.45㎏/㎠.
초기 변형이 있는 일반 회전체 베어링계의 동조 진동응답해석
홍성욱,박종혁,서용규 金烏工科大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.17 No.-
Rotating machinery often encounter excessive vibration due to various sources. Among others, synchronous excitation such as rotating unbalance and initial deformation is acknowledged as essential source affecting the forced vibration of rotor-bearing systems. In the present paper synchronous response is considered in the presence of initial deformation as well as unbalance. The present paper considers general, flexible rotor bearing system, instead of simple rotors as usually adopted in the literature. The present paper intends to reveal the peculiar effects due to initial deformation in general rotor bearing systems which include rotation speed dependent elements and anisotropic nature. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the physics of rotor-bearing systems with initial deformations.