유기질비료 시비량에 따른 오미자 묘목의 초기 생육특성에 관한 연구

이경아,박태호,박성용,김도현,오문국,김민수,안태진,이상원,김영국,안영섭,박충범,차선우,송범헌 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was carried out to have basic and applied informations to find the optimum nitrogen fertilization level for organic cultivation and to investigate early growth characteristics of Schizandra chinensis Baillon. Different application levels of the organic fertilizer were based on the recommended rate of N fertilizer. Five different levels of the organic fertilizer were applied to S. chinensis and early growth responses such as the length of vine, the diameter of vine, the number of leaves, and the number of branches were investigated. Lengths of main and total vines were shown longer at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer than those at others. The vine length at early growth was the highest at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer among the treatments. Stem diameter was shown thicker level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer than others on August and September, whereas on October it was the thickest in the conventional cultivation. Number of leaf was increased higher at the level of 1.0 and 2.0 times organic fertilizer than that in the compared to conventional. The number of branches was appeared the lowest at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer at early growth, however they were increased through progressing their growth stages. They were not significantly difference among the treatments except for the level of 2.0 times organic fertilizer. Based on the research results, the growth of S. chinensis was commonly higher at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer compared to other treatments.

도로桁橋의 경제적인 徑間한계

金炅燦,權赫文 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1985 연구보고 Vol.13 No.2

Comparative designs are made for highway girder bridge superstructures of slab, T-beam and box types to define their respective economical span ranges. The following observations are made: 1. For simply supported structure, there appear well defined economical ranges for each of the types considered, which vary as design conditions change such as live load class, roadway width and grade of material used. Figs. 2,3 and 4. 2. Slab type is more economical than T-beam up to 6.5-10m span. The demarcation moves upward for the wider roadway width and higher class of live load, and is not affected by change in grade of material used. 3. T-beam is more economical than box type up to the span of 23-31.5m. The demarcation is higher for the wider roadway width and higher grade of material used, and is lower for the higher class of live load. For 3-lane roadway of 12m width, the demarcation is not defined below 35m span and T-beam appears more economical past this limit.

One of Ours와 A Lost Lady에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 한국영어영문학회 경남지부 1997 현대영미어문학 Vol.15 No.2

Will Cather의 소설에 나타난 인상주의적 경향

이경아 慶南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1993 人文論叢 Vol.5 No.-

영어요약For Willa Cather, the experience of art should be highly emotional. The artist should strive for simplifica tion ; too many factual details and narrative editorializing detract from the emotional impact, so conscious effort must be exerted to suggest more than what is written on the page. Willa Cather realized that great effort goes into the process of simplification. Part of that conscious precess of simplification(the Novel Demeuble) extends to the use of light imagery. Willa Cather used light imagery consciously as an infrastructure to help her achieve a subtle and compressed style, to depict scenes, to reveal characters, and to underscore themes in her fiction, In her theory of art, one can find the seed of the technique of light imagery which she later used consciously and effectively in her fiction. Her plentiful, often highly metaphorical references to light imagery in her early criticism and essays indicate that she was conscious of the inherently suggestive, emotional significa nce of light imagery. Willa Cather's use of light imagery in her fiction in many cases resembles the impressionist painters' use of it. Because of her frequent criticism of the works of various impressionist painters, we find that she was shrewdly aware of the impressionists' prevailing concern for the effects of light -effects which they tried to capture on their convasses. The impressionists, rather than delineate objects by outline and detail, tended to suggest their forms and shapes through the play of light upon them ; all unnecessary detail were thus simplified through brushwork that suggested shape and form, producing an overall harmony and emotional quality that depended on the effect of color, light and shade. Willa Cather appreciated the emotional suggestiveness of the impressionists' work, judging excellence by how well the light worked to produce strong emotions in her. She was aware of the techniques which the painters used to convey the effects of light, and she was optimistic that the painters' concerns and goals could be synthesized by writers. It is evident that she incorporated many of these techniques into her own fiction, using light imagery to suggest the "third dimension", the emotional penumbra of scenes, characters, and situations, helping her to achieve the unfurnished novel. On the whole, Willa Cather used light imagery not as a decorative frivolity but as a conscious vehicle for conveying the meaning and enhancing the emotional experience of her fiction.

Willa Cather의 소설에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아 慶南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1997 人文論叢 Vol.9 No.-

ABSTRACTWilla Cather in 1935 published her own "many-angled anatomy of failure, hardship, and loss"--Lucy Gayheart--followed in 1940 by Sapphira and the Slave Girl, which also explores the darker side of life in America--an earlier America where slavery existed. In Sapphira and the Slave Girl, Cather reflects, besides the mood of failure that is so evident in Lucy Gayheart, an added sense of guilt and fear, suggesting a darkening national mood in the latter half of the Thirties, when, besides dealing with their domestic crisis, Americans also found it impossible to ignore the international crisis brought on by the rise of fascism. But just as Cather's earlier optimism had brought her past repudiation of material success to a reshaping of the American Dream, her optimism even during this dark period of American history kept her from presenting in either Lucy Gayheart or Sapphira and the Slave Girl merely an anatomy of failure, fear, and guilt. She continues in this late fiction to look for meaningful ways to redefine the American Dream, toward a self-fulfillment that goes deeper than what the standard version of that dream. now in ruins in America, had ever been capable of promising. She depicts, too. an America no longer driven by such an urge, realizing more fully than ever the emptiness of that once so revered dream of success. Cather in her fiction continues to question Americans' "extravagant expectations" We see this in Lucy Gayheart. where Cather questions the "habit of dreaming" in her portrayal of the indecisive, sentimental Lucy, for whom Cather shows compassion but little patience. Yet as much as she criticizes and exposes the dreamer who does not act, she also celebrates, especially in her depiction of Harry Gordon in Lucy Gayheart and of Sapphira and the Slave Girl, the individual's strength to endure and to shape his or her own existence under constricting conditions. Cather still finds it possible for the individual to exercise autonomy, even in the world of crumbling institutions that Americans faced in the Thirties, a world that is figured in Sapphira and the Slave Girl by an earlier world of crumbling institutions--the world of Southern slavery. In Cather's last two novels, however, even autonomous individuals seem troubled about their place within a group--whether it be the family, their local community or in a broader sense, the human community--more certain than ever that, for their own personal fulfillment, they need to secure that place. Cather, although interested in the role of companionship and cooperation in her characters' life-decisions, never completely rejects individual ambition. But just as Cather recognized and addressed in her earlier fiction the problems of a society focused on a dream of success that had become synonymous with acquisitive individualism, she recognizes in this later fiction the needs and anxieties of a society that had to view that dream shattered. Cather had earlier redefined success to include a sense of community as both gratifying and fulfilling to the individual. She tries in her later fiction to express continued faith in that revised dream, now reinforced by a national focus on community. Thus, novels which reflect the sense of failure so prevalent in Depression America are still, in typical Cather manner novels of hope. Cather, despite her portrayal of failure in Lucy Gayheart and Sapphira and the Slave Girl, concludes whit that determination to believe that still survived in an America suffering both economically and emotionally. Her novels ask "Can we find [belief] in one another?" But the novels stop short of affirming community wholeheartedly; instead, they display a persistent preoccupation with "one anther"as a possible source of belief, coupled with a shaky but insistent focus on self apart from that community.

Willa Cather의 모더니즘

이경아 현대영미어문학회 1998 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.1

Generally perceived as a traditionalist, Willa father has been patronized. The Cather's novels seem curiously self-evident. They are defiantly smooth and elegant, lacking the rough edges that so often provide convenient starting points for literary analysis. To a critical tradition that has valued complexity, ambiguity, even obscurity, the hard-won simplicities of Cather's art seem merely simple. her lucidity can be read as shallowness; her massive, abstract forms can be-and have been-viewed as naively traditional, the appropriate vehicle for an art essentially nostalgic and elegiac. In part because of her defensive self-presentation, in part because her fiction so perfectly embodies certain aesthetic ideals of modernism, we have overlooked its innovative nature. To see its modernist elements is to readjust and enrich our response to her work-and also to widen our notions of modernism. If Calker is a modernist, she is a tempered, transitional modernist closer to Hardy than to Pound. Nonetheless, her work is moved in important ways by a modernist urge to simplify and to suggest the eternal through the particular. First of all Cather's scale, not the side of her books but hte side of the subjects to which her imagination responds is none of the modernist's traits. Cather's imagination craved and fed on large scale, both in time and space, and her books repeatedly struggle to break outside the confines of a small territory and make their way back to the wilderness. Except in The Song of the Lark, her most traditional novel, Cather pays no more attention to plot than Woolf does and looks for unity to mood. With such an emphasis on the timeless, with the way in which human beings embody recurrent impulses and attitudes, with Swedish immigrant girls in Nebraska as avatars of Virginia rustics, no wonder My Anotnia defies the traditional temporal organization of plot. The illusion of grandeur in her protagonists is another feature of Cather's most exhilarating work, and this illusion depends on simplication. The boldest and most beautiful of Willa Cather's fictions are characterized by a sense of the past not as an irrecoverable quality of events, wasted in history, but as persistent human truths-salvaged, redeemed-by virtue of memory and art. Most critics have noticed only the nostalgia, the sense of irreparable loss in time in Cather's work, a thematic emphasis that leads them to mixt perceive her art as traditional. But I believe that what we have stumbled upon in fact is something like the literary equivalent of an Arp, a Brancusi, a Moore.

VOCs의 光觸媒處理에 관한 硏究

임경택,김춘희,고경숙,배병훈,문종익 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.2

This study has been carried out to observe photodegradation efficieny of TCE with the variation of IN irradiation strength, liquid thickness and immobilized TiO₂. The results are summarized as fallows; 1. Without photocatalyst, the TCE removal efficiency was observed to be about 15% with UV irradiation. 2. Above 93% of TCE were mineralized by immobilized TiO₂on glass panel(5g, 500℃) and UV irradiation. The photodegradation efficiency increased with increasing UV lamp numbers and reaction rate increased with increasing TCE initial concentration. 3. The photodegradation efficiency decreased with increasing the liquid thickness and above 96% of TCE were removed with using 3 UV lamps and liquid thickness less than 6cm.

『허공에 매달린 사나이』에 나타난 실존주의

이경아 현대영미어문학회 1999 현대영미어문학 Vol.17 No.1

Dangling Man(1944) reflects Saul Bellow's mastery of tight formalist literary style and the major preoccupations of the existentialist novel. It represents in some respects the culmination, in American literature, of over forty years of Modernist ideological debate in Western culture. As such it reflects, mainly, the existentialist premises of the modern European philosophical tradition, and the "wasteland mentality" of the Anglo-American literary tradition. Bellow employs a number of leit-motifs and symbols which undergird the ongoing existentialist argument. Primarily we get a profound sense of the city as a place of discomforture and indifference to everything human-in short, a diseased mertopolis. These motifs of weight, density, drowning, burdensomeness, imprisonment, nightmare, ennui, death, sterility, invisibility, drowning and brutishness all establish the "wasteland mentality" of the work. Even the war itself adds to the mood of the novel and provides unity as both the generating motive of Joseph's actions and a symbol of the generally morbid condition of alienated humanity in the twentieth century. Joseph experiences the classic condition of the existential hero-agreat dread of anxiety that makes him phsically ill over the existential implications of the human plight--stuck as he is between faith and nihilism, the desire for transcendence and the knowledge of his human frailty. His teeth chatter with cold and he has to be put to bed until he recovers himself. Joseph, it seems, can only escape the cage of self by giving in gratefully to forces of regimentation outside. His quest for freedom and authenticity has been circular, beginning in muted anger, progressing'to alienation and ending in total exhaustion. Almost all that he has achived is a terrifying knowledge of the overwhelming forces which threaten to destroy the modem hero in his search for freedom. Dangling Man, with its highly finished form, polished style and subject matter, is one of the more clever modern novels in American literature. Joseph becomes a symbol of the fate of the modern hero as he dangles between a good job he has quit and the draft board, between desire action and ennui, between selfknowledge and terror, between desire to believe and disbelief, between romantic tradition and the modern.

의복구성학 교육내용 및 교육방법 개선을 위한 의류산업 현장의 환경변화에 관한 연구 : Focus on Process of Pattern Making 패턴제작을 중심으로

韓敬姬,李貞順 服飾文化學會 1999 服飾文化硏究 Vol.7 No.6

The purpose of this study is to improve the rinkage between apparel industy and university education on clothing construction. The random survey was carried out on 207 patternists, working at 64 apparel companies. In this study such factors as the individual characteristics, the method of pattern making, work, and an educational institution of pattern making were investigated. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Male workers are mainly thirties and forties who graduated high school with 5 years experience or more. Female workers are mostly twenties who graduated junior college with 5 years experience or less. 2. In a way of working, male patternists tend to perform pattern making by using drafting method while female patternists generally choose apparel CAD system for grading and marking.

IC Card와 X.509를 이용한 인증 프로토콜

박경배,임경묵,강경인,김정일,정근원,이광배,김현욱 명지대학교 대학원 1997 대학원논문집 Vol.1 No.-

As recently the need for electronic commerce and infra information system using Internet increases, several organizations have attempted to develop mutual authentication mechanism between Certification Authorities(CA's) as well as fundamental authentication mechanism, based on Public-key. In this paper, we propose a new efficient authentication protocol which is applicable to various servers. For the protocol, we complement Public-key certificate structure and authentication protocol defined in X.509 with self-arithmetic function and data security function of 1C card.