정신과 입원환자의 공격행동 특성

전태연,권용실,도규영,장계호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.3

저자들은 1994년 1월 1일부터 1995년 6월 31일까지 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 의정부성모병원 정신과에 입원했던 환자들 중세서 공격행동을 보인 환자(공격군) 72명과 공격행동이 없었던 환자(비공격군) 215명의 임상적 특성에 관한 조사를 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 공격행동을 보인 환자는 72명으로 전체 조사 환자의 25.1%이었다. 2) 성별, 연령, 종교, 결혼 상태와 정신과 질환의 가족력 등에 따른 공격행동의 발생비율의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 3) 교육 정도와 직업에 따른 공격군의 비육에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 4) 진단별로는 공격군에서 조증, 기질성 정신장애, 정신분열증의 빈도가 높았으나 진단에 따른 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 5) 공격행동의 기왕력은 공격군에서 더 많았고 비공격군과 비교시 의미 있는 차이를 보였으며(p<.001), 입원 형태는 공격군에서 타의 입원의 빈도가 유의하게 높았다(p<.005). 7) 입원시 정신병리는 초조-흥분과 적대감-의심에서 공격군의 빈도가 높았으며 정신병리에 따른 의미 있는 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 8) 총 재원 일수는 공격군에서 평균 59.3일이었고 비공격군이 평균 38.4일로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 9) 공격행동의 유형은 말로한 경우가 가장 많았고 물건을 대상으로한 행동, 타인을 대상으로 하는 행동의 순으로 나타났다. 10) 공격행동 직전 행동 특징은 활동증가, 시끄러움, 욕설, 분노, 적대적이었던 경우가 가장 많았다. 11) 공격행동은 정오에서 오후 6시 사이, 휴식시간에 가장 많이 나타났다. 12) 입원 후 1주일 이내에 공격행동의 62.3%가 나타났다. 13) 총공격 점수에 의미 있게 영향을 주었던 변인들로는 종교(p<.05), 교육 정도(p<.05), 직업(p<.05), 입원형태(p<.005), 진단(p<.001), 입원시 정신 병리(p<.001), 공격행동의 기왕력(p<.001) 등으로 나타났다. To evaluate the characteristics of violent behavior of psychiatric inpatients the authors reviewed clinical records of psychiatric patients who had admitted at UiJong Bu St. Mary's Hospital from January 1994 to June 1995. We divided the 287 subjects into violent and nonviolent group according to the presence of violent behaviors in psychiatric ward. We assessed demographic variables, clinical characteristics and violent behaviors using Overt Aggression Scale and compared these variables of violent group with nonviolent group. The results were as follows : 1) The number of violent patients was 72(25.1% of the total). 2) In terms of demographic variables, the differences between two groups in education and occupation were significant(p<.05). 3) In psychiatric diagnoses, violent group were more likely to have mania, schizophrenia and organic mental disorder in sequence but there were no differences between violent and nonviolent group. 4) The history of violent behavior was greater in violent group(p<.001) and the mode of admission was significantly different between two groups(p<.005). 5) In cluster of psychopathology on admission, more frequently found clusters of psychopathology in violent group were agitation-excitement and hostile- suspiciousness and there were significant differences between two groups(p<.001). 6) The length of stay in violent group(59.3 days)was significantly longer than nonviolent group(38.4 days)(p<.001). 7) The types of violent behavior were verbal aggression, physical aggression against objects and physical aggression against other people in frequency sequence. 8) The most frequent type of behavioral clue before violent behavior was hyperactive, loud, verbally abusive, angry, hostile(68.1%). 9) Most of violent behaviors were presented between midday and 6 pm. in resting time. 10) 62.3% of total violent behaviors were occurred within first week following admission. 11) The variables which showed significant effects on total aggression score were religion, educational status, occupation, mode of admission, psychiatric diagnosis, psychopathology on admission and history of violent behavior before admission. In summary, these results showed similar trends compared to previous studies on characteristics of psychiatric inpatients. And we found that more important predictors of violent behavior in practice were likely to be history of violent behavior, psychopathology on admission and behavioral cue before violent behavior.

보행속력과 동작의 부드러움과의 상관관계에 관한 연구

탁계래,한영민,최진승,이정한,임영태,전재훈,박상균,박승하,Stefanyshin Darren 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.1

회체의 진동신호 해석용 보간기법에 관한 비교

박준용,조계현,박종연 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 정보통신논문지 Vol.8 No.-

This paper compares error values of interpolation methods that are used in resampling process before the vibration signal analysis by the change of the motor sped. The motor speed is measured by the tachometer. Tachometer produces one pulse per rotation. We determined resampling time by angle interpolation. To estimate the sample values, we used various interpolation technique. This paper estimated the discrete signal through the linear, quaratic, and cubic interpolation. We proposed the optimum interpolration method by comparing MSE(Mean Squre Error) and calculation amount.

원형 파일의 파압분포특성에 관한 실험적 연구

함계운,박준일,장대정 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The computation of the water wave forces on offshore structures is one of the primary tasks in the design of the structures. It is also one of the most difficult tasks since it involves the complexity of the interaction of waves with the structures. The Morison equation assumes the wave force to be composed of inertia and drag forces linearly added together. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the wave forces acting on the cylinderical piles. Author set up a cylinderical piles model into 2 dimensional regular wave tank with vaned wave height, water depth, and wave period, and observed wave forced. In practice the wave forces depending on wave height, water depth, and wave period were predicted through the experimental model test. It is presented a good tool to predict qualitatively the wave forces acting on the cyinderical piles.

경남지역 강우량의 분포특성

박준일,함계운,김경훈,장영태 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

A rainfall distribution is very complicate owing to topographic influence in Korea. Hence, the variations in the distribution of monthly rainfall are required precise analysis in order to predict a flood control and to secure a sufficient capacity of water. In this study, time series of 32 rain gage stations over Gyeongnam area are examined for a 36-year secular period(1963-2000) and the extent and nature of changes, such as fluctuations, trend and persistence, are investigated. The trend analysis of regional rainfall practised a tendency towards annual rainfall and seasonal rainfall totals in all regions divided into two climatologically homogeneous regions by cluster analysis for annual rainfall series ; namely, Region Ⅰ(gyeongnam's inland area), Region Ⅱ(western mountain & southern coastal area), the periodicity is examined by the power spectrum analysis.

GIS를 위한 홍수유출해석에 관한 연구

박준일,함계운,성오경,장영태,김경훈 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In the rainfall-runoff simulation, it is crucial problem to extract the hydrologic topographical factors that are used as the model input parameters. Those factors are drawn out from DEM(Digit a1 Elevation Model) along with GIS(Geographic Information System) techniques represent a wide range of topographical informations. GIS is employed to estimate the parameters and examine application. Also, the results from different GIS data and analysis methods are examined. In the study, spatial data are calculated using WMS(Watershed Modeling System) v.6.1, which is hydrologic analysis software coupled with GIS, and flood analysis is accomplished by HEC-1 included in WMS, and applied to Dukchon River basin. To calculate the effective rainfall CN values of NRCS are used. Clark, Snyder and NRCS methods are selected to derive unit hydrograph respectively. In addition, the characteristics of runoff responses according to the selection of GIS spatial data for NRCS CN, TIN or Grid used to extract hydrologic topographical informations. and the number of partitioning sub-basin are investigated.

진주남강개발을 위한 고무댐(RUBBER dam)설치에 따른 수위변동 예측

박준일,김기홍,함계운 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1994 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The analysis of water level which is changed because of the construction of bridges, flood river reservation and structures etc is important factor, researching for flood plain in urbanland. In this study, the construction of flood river reservation as multiple-purpose space is planned and water level is predicted for designed discharge in the region. Also, for Nam-river Dam discharge at drier, the rating curves of water level-discharge in upstream-sections of rubber dam are prediced due to the discharge and the optimum height of rubber dam is determinated.

쌍곡선 모형에 의한 삼천포 항내 정온도 분석

함계운,박준일,장대정 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The calmness inside a harbor plays an important role in the appropriate disposition of harbor structures. However, it is not easy to get the accurate computational results because it is affected by many factors concerning with the wave transformation. Recently, numerical model tests which are more economic and rapid than hydraulic model experiments, are carried out for the purpose of analyzing wave height distribution in harbors. This paper presents the numerical model which is able to calculate wave height inside a harbor. It is based upon the time-dependent mild slope equation involving wave refraction, diffraction, shoaling effect and reflection. In particular, the arbitrary reflectivity is used at the boundary in order to simulate the real harbor reflection condition. The proposed numerical model is applied to Samcheon port in order to investigated harbor calmness.

자갈함량과 질소시비량이 고랭지 배추재배시 침투수에 의한 질소용탈 및 생육에 미치는 영향

박철수,이계준,정영상,주진호,황선웅 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

고랭지 배추재배지의 성토재로 사용되고 있는 석비레는 모래와 자갈함량이 높아 토양침식과 양분용탈의 주 요인이 되고 있어 본 연구는 자갈함량에 따른 배추수량과 질소의 용탈양상을 구명하고자 pot 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과, 배추의 생체수량은 자갈의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향이었고, 특히 질소시비량 240 kg/ha 구에서는 현저한 수량감소를 보였다. 질소시비량 60 kg/ha 구에서는 자갈함량 30%, 질소시비량 120 kg/ha 구에서는 자갈함량 50%를 변환점으로 하여 배추수량이 급격히 감소하였다. 배추의 생육장해는 질소시비량이 240 kg/ha인 구에서는 대부분 위조현상이 나타났으며 결구 초기인 8월 초순에는 자갈함량이 50% 이상이 되면 질소시비량을 ha당 120 kg만 시용해도 50% 이상이 위조현상을 보였다. 침출수의 암모늄태 질소는 자갈함량과 질소시비량이 많을수록 침출수의 농도가 높아지는 경향을 보였는데, 특히 배추의 고사가 발생한 30% 이상의 자갈함량과 질소시비량 240 kg/ha인 처리구의 농도는 139-339 mg/L이었다. 침출수의 질소용탈량은 자갈함량에 따라 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 자갈함량이 10% 증가될 때마다 pot당 0.14g씩 증가하여 자갈함량이 10%일 때에 비하여 자갈함량이 30%가 되면 약 3.8배 증가하였다. 배추재배 시험 후 토양의 화학성은 NH₄-H 농도와 pH는 처리간에 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았고, NO₃-N 농도는 자갈함량 30%까지는 증가하다가 50%부터는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 사양토에서 자갈의 함량이 30%일 때 질소비료 240 kg/ha, 자갈함량이 50%일 때 질소비료 120 kg/ha을 시용하면 배추의 생육장해를 가져올 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 토양에 시비를 하게 되면 염류장해와 위조현상을 초래하므로 토양유실이 심한 고랭지는 특수환경을 고려한 시비기준이 설정되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Continuous monocropping of Chinese cabbage in Gangwon highland increased gravel and sand contents due to surface soil erosion. Nutrient leaching and Chinese cabbage growth were investigated with different treatments of gravel contents and nitrogen application levels by using 0.5 m²Wagner pots. Gravel contents were 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90%(w/w), nitrogen application levels were 60, 120, and 240 kg/ha, and manure compost application rate was 15 ton per hectare, respectively. Wagner pots were filled with loamy sand soil mixed with 5 cm-sized gravels. Fresh weight of Chinese cabbage was decreased as gravel contents in soil increased, and particularly severely decreased at 240 kg-N/ha. Yields of Chinese cabbage were remark-ably decreased at the rate of 60 kg-N/ha with 30% gravel content and 120 kg-N/ha with 50% gravel content. Most of Chinese cabbages were severely wilted by heavy N application at the rate of 240 kg-N/ha in the middle of growth stages regardless of gravel contents, while about 50% of Chinese cabbage showed wilting symptom in the treatment of more than 50% of gravel contents and 120 kg-N/ha. N content in leachate in-creased as gravel content and N application increased. The relationship between gravel content and N con-tents showed linear regression: N in leachate = 0.014(gravel content) -0.039 (r = 0.961). Particularly, NH₄-N contents in leachates with more than 30% gravel content and 240 kg-N/ha ranged from 139~339 mg/L. Chinese cabbage growth in loamy sand soil containing 30%, and 50% gravel contents could be adversely affected by N application at the rate of 240, and 120 kg-N/ha, respectively.

다양한 트래픽에 대한 여러 가지 LAN의 성능 비교 분석

권오성,정계갑,김준년 중앙대학교정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

전기통신의 발전에 따라 여러 가지 랜 프로토콜들이 개발되었고 설치되어왔다. 이제는 설치된 망 위에서 새로운 트래픽에 대한 요구가 생기고 있다. 본 논문은 기존에 설치된 방과 현재 설치되고 있는 망에 대해 다양한 트래픽을 적용하여 그 지연과 접속 지연을 살펴봄으로써 진화하는 트래픽에 잘 적응할 수 있는 프로토콜의 모델을 찾는 과정의 일부를 보여준다. 이더넷과 토큰링과 무선랜의 세 가지 프로토콜에 대해서 모의 실험을 통해 검증하였고, 데이터 트래픽에 대해서는 무선랜이 음성 트래픽에 대해서는 이더넷에 상대적으로 우월한 성능을 보여주었다.