Alkaline Phosphatase, Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase, and BMP6(Vgr-1) Expression during Chondrocyte Differentiation and Osteogenesis in Fetal Mouse Metatarsals

Gu, Y.,Gitelman, S. E.,Martincic, D.,Zernik, J. H.,Minkin, C. Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1997 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.22 No.2

Changes in the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP or TrATPase, tartrate-resistant acid-ATPase), and bone morphogenic protein-6 (BMP6, also known as Vgr-1) were characterized during chondrocyte differentiation and osteogenesis in fetal mouse metatarsals. Histochemical observations demonstrate an increase in ALP expression both in differentiating hypertrophic chondrocytes and in osteogenic cells of the surrounding perichondrium/periosteum during days 15, 16, 17, and 18, of gestation. Expression of TRAP is first localized to a few small mononuclear osteoclast precursors in the periosteum of day 16 limbs and then a marked increase is demonstrated between days 17 and 18 of gestation as osteoclasts/chondroclasts invade periosteal bone surfaces and spicules of mineralized cartilage. Enzyme assays show a 9-fold increase in ALP activity in the developing limbs from day 15 to day 18 of gestation (0.05 to 0.43 mmole p-nitrophenol hydrolyzed/min/mg protein), and a 5.5-fold increase in TrATPase activity for the same time period (0.15 to 0.80% [^32P]g-ATP hydrolyzed/min/mg protein). Steady state levels of RNA for ALP, TRAP, and BMP6/Vgr-1 were evaluated using quantitative PCR amplification and our results demonstrate a 5-fold increase in ALP, a 500-fold increase in TRAP/TrATPase, and a 6-fold increase in BMP6/Vgr-1 mRNA levels between days 15 and 18 of gestation.

不動産資産管理의 構造 및 機能

민규식 한국부동산분석학회 2001 不動産學硏究 Vol.7 No.1

Since the foreign exchange crisis in 1997, the rapid changes of real estate market require the professional and technical asset management which has the senior function to the property management. We can see the analogies in Korean current real estate market to the American one from which the asset management is originated. Accordingly we need to consider the system and function of asset management in America in order to help establish the desired asset management system in Korea. An efficient asset management system involves the control, planning, organizing, and communication channels of the various disciplines such as property management, real estate analysis, tax considerations, leasing, legal aspects, sales broker, and appraiser. The asset manager is desired to delegate the specific tasks and duties to professionals with the expertise in the various components of management. Asset management is concerned with the relative performance of real estate assets and the relationship of individual properties to the overall portfolio mix. The function of the asset manager is primarily to ensure that the operations of an asset are focused on achieving the goal of the investor. Asset Management can be broken down into the following functions : acquisition, property management, performance monitoring and control, retenanting and rehabilitation, peripheral development, financing, restructuring ownership, and disposition. Considering that a real estate asset management is still in the early stage in Korean current real estate market, it is primarily urgent to train the personnel of operating the real estate asset. And it is needed to construct the fair and transparent information system on the real estate investment and management.

Curran 의 교수방법

김귀석 조선대학교 인문학연구소 1983 外國文化硏究 Vol.6 No.1

Yes/No Question과 오류분석

김귀석 조선대학교 인문학연구소 1986 外國文化硏究 Vol.9 No.1

외국어로서 영어교육을 하고 있는 대부분의 나라들에 있어서 가장 심각하게 대두되고 있는 문제는 무엇을 어떻게 교육시킴으로서 모국어 화자와 같은 언어능력을 가질 수 있게 하느냐 이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 부단히 응용 언어학자들에 의해서 연구되어져 오고 있지만 이렇다할 귀결에 이르지 못하고 있다. 오류분석에 의한 접근방법도 이러한 문제를 해결하려고 시도한 하나의 교수방법인 것이다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 오류분석의 접근방법에 기저를 두고, 언어교수의 기법상 yes/no 의문문의 비중이 크다고 생각하여 이 의문문의 구성에서 빚어지는 오류의 범주화, 분석, 설명 등을 곁들어 보았으며 다음과 같은 점이 학습 상에서 고려되어야 할 것이다. 첫째, 맥락과 결부된 교실수업이 이루어져야 한다는 점, 둘째, 학습은 체계적인 연계성을 가져야 한다는 점, 셋째, 어떤 한 문법 범주화에 대해 지나친 강조를 피해야 한다는 점, 넷째, 지나친 정정을 통해서 학습자들에게 한 문법적 단위만을 강조시켜서는 안된다는 점, 다섯째, 작문교육이 어느 다른 교육보다 소홀히 취급되어져 왔다는 점 등이다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 영어교수를 위한 사전 예측적인 요인들로서 영어학습에 커다란 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

의사소통능력을 위한 영어 쓰기 지도기법에 관한 연구

김귀석,염규을 조선대학교 인문학연구소 1999 外國文化硏究 Vol.22 No.1

Of all the language skills which are taught to EFL students, English writing teaching seems to be the most difficult, and neglected. for a number of reasons, While the teachers of EFL have the texts and materials of varying quality of grammar, reading, speaking and listening comprehension to be able to use in their classes, they do not have a plenty of writing materials. They usually finds that all they have are pattern practice exercises, grammar exercises, and controlled writing exercises. These exercises typically provide practice in carrying out various kinds of syntactic manipulations on the sentence level, manipulations such as assigning or changing verbal tense, placing or moving adverbs, and making subjects and their verbs agree. We know that writing teaching is anything more than those mentioned above and is related with the ability to write a logical paragraph. Because writing topic sentences, supporting statements, and conclusions, and having them blend together cohesively, are intellectual and logical skills, rather than specifically linguistic, there is no theoretically sound reason to wait for a student to acquire advanced English proficiency before practice, the sooner we start teaching free writing, the sooner our students will be writing well. Thus, this paper outlines a low-level EFL writing program that can be most effective if coordinated with grammar instruction. Sample exercises, written in simple English, are offered to suggest ways to teach students to write a sentence, to organize a paragraph on chronological order, to use chronological order structure words, to write with frequency adverbs, to add additional explanatory information, to write a topic sentence, and to begin to have an appreciation for variety and style.

大邱市內 女大生의 衣服價値觀과 欲求와의 相關性에 關한 硏究

曺釵,都圭姬 嶺南大學校社會科學硏究所 1984 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.2

1.The primary purpose of this thesis is to study the relationship between needs and clothing values of Female-college-students who live in Dae-Gu. 2.The following hypotheses were set forth: 1)To college women, the Aesthetic value of clothing would be the highest than the other clothing values. 2)She who has a great deal of Aesthetic value of clothing would be stronger on needs for sex and exhibitionism. 3)She who has a great deal of social value of clothing would be stronger on need for Affiliation. 4)There would be correlationship between needs and clothing values except those mentioned here in-above. 3.Methods and procedures. 1)Sample:431 college women in Dae-Gu, and the selected sample was composed of 215 respondents who are attending universities and 216 respondents who are attending professional schools. 2)Total a)Needs inventory test; Nine aspects of need were tested with Hand Jeong Kyu's needs inventory test sheets. b)Clothing values test; Eight aspects of clothing values which were developed by Anna M. Creekmore were interpreted and were used. 3)Data process; Data from 431 respondents were analyzed correlations and test. 4.Results. 1)to college women, The Aesthetic value of clothing showed the highest. 2)She who has a great deal of Aesthetic value of clothing showed stronger on need for sex Exhibitionism. 3)She who has a great deal of social value of clothing showed stronger on need for Affiliation. 4)She who has a great deal of theoretical value of clothing showed stronger on need for Achievement. 5)It showed the correlationship between needs and clothing values except those mentioned herein-above.

ZVS를 이용한 풀 브릿지 단일 전력단 고주파 공진 AC-DC 컨버터의 특성해석

남승식,황계호,오경섭,원재선,조규판,김동희 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2003 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.31 No.2

This paper proposes a single-stage high frequency resonant AC-DC converter using zero voltage switching with high input power factor. The proposed high frequency resonant converter ingegrates a half bridge boost rectifier as power factor corrector(PFC) and half resonant converter into a single stage. The input stage of the half bridge boost converter is working in discontinuous conduction mode(DCM) with constant duty cycle and variable switching frequency. Therefore, high power factor is achieved naturally. The results of simulation using the Pspice have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed AC-DC converter. The proposed converter will be able to be practically used as power supply.

캔음료중 epichlorohydrin 의분석법에 관한 연구

이광호,곽인신,최재천,전대훈,김형일,강경모,최병희,김귀정,이철원 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

캔식품중에 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 분석하기 위한 pu링e & trap-Cc/uf통D 분석법을 확립하여 캔의 lacauer 코팅제에서 식품으로 이행되어 잔류하는 epichtorohydfn을 측정하고, 식품유사용매에 의한 용출시험을 통해 일일추정섭취량을 산출하였다. epichlorohydrin의 검량선은 y=0.0006x+0.OO6?(R큰0.9983)의 직선성·라 0.05#ga의 검출한계를 나타내었다. 각종 음료 및 식품유사용매에 일정량의 epichlorohydrin을 첨가한 후 분석하였을 때 회수을은 72~91%였으며, 실제 시판되는 f5건의 캔음료 중 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 측정한 결과 모든 캔음료에서 검출한계(0.1#94) 이하였다. 제관업체에서 구입한 modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epoxy phenol ester 등의 BADGE(bisphenol A diglycidyt ether)형 에폭시수지로 lacquer 코팅된 식품용 캔에 식품윤사용매인 10% 또는 95% 에탄올을 층L진한 후 90~121'c의 드라이오븐에서 30분~2시간동안 용출시켰을 패 캔의 lacquer 코팅재에서 식품유사용매로 이행되는 epichBorollydirn은 코팅재질, 그리고 가열온도 및 시간에 문관하게 모든 캔에서 검출한계(0.4#ga)이하 였다. 위의 용출결과를 FD.f_의 "Recommendation for Chemistry Data for Indirect Food Additive Petition" 윽 일일추정섭취량 산출법에 적용하여 얻은 epichtorohydrin의 일딜추정 섭 취 량은 0.2r조persorday이하였다. A sensitive ana1?~7tical method based on gas cl)romatogFapy~mass spectrometry with a selected ion monitoring (GE/hfS-Slhf) and the purge-and-trap concentrator ))·asdeveloped for determining ot'epicillorohydrin in canr;ed be)#erages coated with eporl· resin. Thecalibration rurve in the ranre of 0.j ~50nr had'correlation coefficient of 0.9983 and detection limit of 0.Osrga. Recoveries of epichlorohydrin spiked to beverages were in the range of 72 ~91% with detection limits of 0.1 #ga. fn survey of epichlorohydff in twenty commercialcanned beverage samples, epichlorohydrin was not found in all the samples with the detectionlimit of 0.1 r9a. In migration test of various cans coated with BADGE-based coating cans;modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epox?· phenol ester were exposed to the foodsimulants of 10% ethanol and 95% ethanol. flfo delectable epichlorohydrin migrated to foodsiHulants was found in aTl the cars with detection Jimit of 0.4 #9/L. Using the miEration data,along uTith the applicstion of food and beverage cans complied with FDA's "Recommendationfor Chemlstry Data f,3r Indirect Food Additive Petition" , the potential dietary exposure toepichlorohydrin was estlmated to be under 0.2rf/person/day.

2009 IGE/삼성전자 Global Business Forum : (Obama, Can It Work?/The US-Korea Economic Partnership: Working Together in a Time of Global Crisis)

Guy Sorman,Jeffrey J,Schott 세계경제연구원 2009 세계경제연구원 간행물 Vol.2009 No.S

狂女

Guy de Maupassant,김영숙 덕성여자대학 1977 운현 Vol.8 No.1