Improvement of Trust and Reputation using Intrusion Detection and Authentication in Ad Hoc Networks

Gulshan Kumar,Rahul Saha,Mritunjay Kumar Rai 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.4

The indefinite need of dynamic environment has always imposed a concern on ad hoc networks and its application. It is often found that the internal nodes in such infrastructureless network are compromising with the trust factor to forward the packets and are able to exploit the trust to create different types of attacks such as black hole, worm hole, DDoS etc. The recent literature survey in this line of study gives an impression to the fact that the trust for the internal nodes in the networks has been emphasized less while designing any security approach for the routing protocols. Besides, the concept of watchdog/pathrater has been considered to be an inefficient if used alone. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed an algorithm using intrusion detection and authentication method to provide enough trust in the routing path. The algorithm is having two layer of security aspect: watchdog-pathrater is used as the first layer along with a threshold value and secondly, end-to-end authentication is used to maintain the trust among the nodes in the network. The results are simulated in Network Simulator-2 (NS2). The results of the simulation show that the proposed algorithm minimizes the attacks in routing path. We have also compared our proposed algorithm with the two existing algorithm recently identified in the literature. The comparison also depicts the fact of the efficiency of our algorithm.

Analysis of stress dispersion in bamboo reinforced wall panels under earthquake loading using finite element analysis

Gulshan Kumar,Deepankar K. Ashish 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2018 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.21 No.4

Present study is mainly concerned about the idea of innovative utilization of bamboo in modern construction. Owing to its compatible mechanical properties, a beneficial effect of its use in reinforced concrete (RC) frame infills has been observed. In this investigation, finite element analyses have been performed to examine the failure pattern and stress distribution pattern through the infills of a moment resisting RC frame. To validate the pragmatic use of bamboo reinforced components as infills, earthquake loading corresponding to Nepal earthquake had been considered. The analysis have revealed that introduction of bamboo in RC frames imparts more flexibility to the structure and hence may causes a ductile failure during high magnitude earthquakes like in Nepal. A more uniform stress distribution throughout the bamboo reinforced wall panels validates the practical feasibility of using bamboo reinforced concrete wall panels as a replacement of conventional brick masonry wall panels. A more detailed analysis of the results have shown the fact that stress concentration was more on the frame components in case of frame with brick masonry, contrary to the frame with bamboo reinforced concrete wall panels, in which, major stress dispersion was through wall panels leaving frame components subjected to smaller stresses. Thus an effective contribution of bamboo in dissipation of stresses generated during devastating seismic activity have been shown by these results which can be used to concrete the feasibility of using bamboo in modern construction.

Energy Analysis of a Vapor Compression System Cascaded with Ammonia-Water Absorption System

GULSHAN SACHDEVA,VAIBHAV JAIN,S. S. KACHHWAHA 대한설비공학회 2014 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.22 No.1

The first law analysis of a vapor compression–vapor absorption (VC–VA) cascade system iscarried out for a wide range of cooling capacity. While ammonia–water is the working pair in VAsection, R407C is used in VC section. The in°uences of change in cooling capacity, superheatingand subcooling in the condenser, temperature in the generator, degree of overlap in cascadecondenser, size of the heat exchangers etc. on the system performance are investigated. It isconcluded that the COP of the VC section of the cascade system could be improved by 146% andthe electricity consumption could be reduced by 64% compared to an equivalent VC unit. Separately the results showed the considerable increase in the generator heat when coolingcapacity was increased from 83.33kW. The COP of the cascade system at high cooling capacity isstrongly dependent on the performance of condenser.

EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A VAPOR COMPRESSION–VAPOR ABSORPTION CASCADE SYSTEM

GULSHAN SACHDEVA,VAIBHAV JAIN,S. S. KACHHWAHA 대한설비공학회 2013 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.21 No.4

In this paper, second law analysis has been done for the vapor compression–vapor absorption (VC–VA) cascade system. Ammonia–water is considered as the working pair in absorption section and R407C is dealt as the working °uid in VC section. Exergy destruction or the irreversibility rate is determined in each components of VC–VA cascade system, for a wide range of cooling capacity by considering a variable speed reciprocating compressor. Further in this, Coe±cient of structural bond (CSB) analysis is carried out to quantify the effect of varying the generator temperature, effectiveness of solution heat exchanger, inlet temperature of external °uids in evaporator/condenser and some other variables. Solution heat exchanger and the condenser are reported to have high CSB value, so have a great scope of improvement to reduce the irreversibility rate of the whole system.

Implementation of Cipher Block Chaining in Wireless Sensor Networks for Security Enhancement

Gulshan Kumar,Mritunjay Rai,Gang-soo Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.6 No.1

Comparative Effect of Different Plasticizers on Barrier, Mechanical, Optical, and Sorption Properties of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)–Based Edible Film

Malik Gulshan Kumar,Khuntia Anjali,Mitra Jayeeta 한국농업기계학회 2022 바이오시스템공학 Vol.47 No.2

Purpose Identifying ideal plasticizer is pivotal to develop a biopolymer-based edible films for food packaging. The effect of different plasticizers (glycerol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol) on the mechanical, water vapor barrier, optical, and moisture sorption properties of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) -based flexible films was examined in this study. Methods Mechanical properties and water vapor permeability (WVP) of films were determined using standard ASTM methods. Moisture sorption isotherm (MSI) for different HPMCfilms were obtained thermogravemitically and seven sorption models were fitted to experimental sorption data through nonlinear regression using curve fitting tool inMATLAB R2015b and goodness of fit of these models was compared based on Akaike information criterion (AIC). GAB model was used to determine the monolayer moisture content and heat of sorption of different films. Results Plasticizing efficacy of different plasticizers was significantly different for HPMC film in studied concentration range. Water vapor permeability (WVP) for native HPMC film was 0.451 g mm/kPa m2 h, which further increased to 0.972, 0.890, and 0.615 g mm/kPa m2 h when 25% (w/w of HPMC) glycerol, PEG, and sorbitol were added as plasticizers, respectively. GAB model showed an increase in monolayermoisture (M0) content with increasing plasticizer concentration and the highestM0 value was observed for glycerol-plasticized film. Conclusions Added plasticizers were found to be effective in providing desirable flexibility in terms of elongation to HPMC film which is beneficial for coating and shrink wrap packaging application but adversely affect the tensile strength and transparency of film. Henderson and Oswin models were selected as the best fit model to the experimental sorption data based on AIC values. The findings from the current study would serve in selection of suitable plasticizer for HPMC-based film/coating in food packaging applications.

Some Inequalities for Derivatives of Polynomials

Singh, Gulshan,Shah, Wali Mohammad Department of Mathematics 2017 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.57 No.4

In this paper, we generalize some earlier well known results by considering polynomials of lacunary type having some zeros at origin and rest of the zeros on or outside the boundary of a prescribed disk.

Comparative performance investigation of a dual evaporator cycle using an ejector with the conventional cycle using a pressure reducing valve

Sachdeva Gulshan,Jaiswar Ajay,Anuradha Parinam,Jain Vaibhav 대한설비공학회 2023 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.31 No.1

The performance of a dual evaporator cycle using ejector is compared with a conventional cycle employing pressure reducing valve. In both the systems, high temperature evaporator is considered as a flooded evaporator, thus a separator is employed after the high temperature evaporator. However, low temperature evaporator is a kind of conventional dry evaporator. The comparison of both systems, i.e., conventional and ejector assisted, is done for the same cooling capacities and same dryness fraction at the exit of high temperature evaporator with R134a, R152a, and R1234yf refrigerants. The effects of varying the states of refrigerant at the exit of flooded evaporator, and temperatures of both the evaporators and the condenser are analyzed using Engineering Equation Solver. It is found that the compressor work is reduced in both the cycles with the rise in low temperature evaporator temperature; however, a little variation is observed in the total cooling effect. The cooling effect in high temperature evaporator is increased with the increase in dryness fraction at the exit of the high temperature flooded evaporator, but it is decreased in low temperature evaporator.

Performance analysis of a novel ejector-assisted condenser outlet split dual-evaporator refrigeration system

Sachdeva Gulshan,Anuradha Parinam,Jain Vaibhav,VenkataTeja Y. T. 대한설비공학회 2024 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.32 No.1

The performance of an ejector-assisted condenser outlet split dual-evaporator cycle is compared with a conventional dual-evaporator cycle albeit consisting a pressure reducing valve. The cycles do not employ any separator due to its inability to efficiently separate the liquid and the vapor phases. The comparison of both the cycles has been made for the same cooling capacity in low-temperature evaporator and unit flow rate of R134a and R1234yf as refrigerants. The impacts of changing the operating temperatures of evaporator and condenser have been examined in the current investigation. The study reveals that with the increase in temperature of the high-temperature evaporator, the cooling capacity of the high-temperature evaporator yields, while that of the low-temperature evaporator plummets in both the cycles. Further, the compressor work is allayed in the ejector-assisted cycle; thus, the COP is enhanced considerably. The percentage COP improvement over the basic cycle is obtained from 14.7 to 17.53% for the refrigerant R1234yf and from 14.45 to 17.32% for R134a; however, the COP of both the cycles with R12134yf is slightly lower than with R134a. The ejector has been modeled assuming a constant pressure theory. The observed trend indicates that the entrainment ratio is improved with the rise in the temperature of low-temperature evaporator, whereas it is decreased with the rise in the temperature of high-temperature evaporator.

Gender Discrimination and Facts in Pakistan

Jalbani Gulshan Zahid 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2015 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2015 No.7

The birth of a baby girl in Pakistan is very less acceptable in the society as compared to baby boy. During the era that preceded Islam, there were two methods that people used to kill their daughters. In pre Islamic era, when any women gave birth to a girl, the baby was supposed to be killed. In other situation, when the daughter reached at six years of age, the man would tell his wife to decorated and perfume her, then he would take her to a well in the desert and tell her to look down into the well; she would do this, he would push her into it. However, now situation is bit better but still in our society preference is given to baby boy. Due to this, women are giving birth to more and more girls thinking that one day, they will give birth to a boy and women are doing this just because of her husbands. Women are facing many challenges in their daily lives economically, politically, and in decision making; women are facing gender discrimination on every platform.