애니메이션 캐릭터에 나타난 민족성의 차이- 한중일 ‘서유기’ 손오공을 예로 -

하광녕(Xia, Guang-ning),한혜진(Han, Hye-jin) 한국조형디자인학회 2018 조형디자인연구 Vol.21 No.4

소설 서유기 는 중국 4대 명작 중 하나이다. 중국과 지리적으로 가까운 한국과 일본에도 ‘서유기’가 널리 알려져 있으나 한국과 일본에서 제작된 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션은 인물 이미지와 줄거리에서 중국 작품과 큰 차이가 있다. 이러한 차이는 한중일의 민족적 특징이 반영되고, 각국의 역사 흐름 속에서 문화가 반영된 결과로 그 나라의 민족성이 애니메이션의 작품에 잘 반영되었는지를 살펴보는 것은 완성도를 판단하는 하나의 기준이 된다. 이러한 점에서 한중일 각각의 민족성이 어떻게 작품에 영향을 미쳤는지 알아보는 것은 의미가 있다 하겠다. 각국의 애니메이션 작품은 각국의 강한 정체성과 사회적 면모를 드러내므로 좋은 비교 소재이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 한중일 각국에서 제작한 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션 속의 손오공 캐릭터의 차이를 분석하고, 그 캐릭터에 드러난 민족적 특징의 차이와 형성 원인을 조사한다. 또한 분석 결과를 통하여 한국과 일본 애니메이션의 성공 요인을 알아보았다. 이를 위해 문헌연구를 통해 중국, 한국, 일본에서의 서유기의 생성 발전과 과정 및 전파와 변이 과정에 대해 살펴보고, 한중일 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션 속에서의 손오공 캐릭터와 민족성의 관계에 대해 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션이 한·중·일 3개국에서 개편되면서 큰 변화를 보인 것을 확인할 수 있었는데 이런 현상이 생기는 원인에는 문화 전파의 융합 정도, 종교 요소, 현대 사회 문화의 영향이 있었음을 알 수 있었다. 중국은 자국의 문화와 현대 문화의 결합을 통한 국제 홍보하고 아동 및 성인을 포함한 다양한 연령층을 대상으로 한 애니메이션 개발 및 다양한 애니메이션 파생품을 통한 수익 창출 효과에 힘써야 한다. 나아가 예술적인 스타일과 정신문화적인 민족성을 포함한 애니메이션의 발전에 힘쓴다면 더욱 더 발전된 애니메이션 산업의 국제화를 기대할 수 있다. The novel ‘Journey to the West’ is one of the four greatest masterpieces in China. It is widely known in Korea and Japan, which are geographically close to China. As a result of the cultural characteristics difference among the four countries, animations about ‘Journey to the West’ produced in Korea and Japan are quite different from the ones from China in terms of visual images and plot. Whether the ethnicity of the country is well reflected in the animation work is a criterion to judge the completeness of. Therefore, it is necessary to study how each ethnicity of Korea, China and Japan influenced it’s work. The animation works of each country are good comparative material because they show the strong ethnicity and social aspect of each country. Therefore this paper analyzed differences in the characters of ‘Journey to the West’ which is produced in Korea, China and Japan, and examined differences in ethnic characteristics and causes of formation. Also this study looked at the success factors of Korean and Japanese animation through the analysis results. For this, we examined the development and intergradation and variation of ‘Journey to the West’ in China, Korea, and Japan are explored and relationship between Sonokong character and ethnicity in ‘Journey to the West’ animation between Korea and China are analyzed. The study showed that the animation ‘Journey to the West’ was reorganized in three countries, including Korea, China and Japan. And the causes of this phenomenon were the degree of fusion of cultural propagation, religious elements and the influence of modern social culture. China should promote itself internationally through the combination of its culture and modern culture, develop animations for various age groups, including children and adults, and work to generate revenue through various animated derivatives. Furthermore, if China focuses on the development of animation, including artistic style and spiritual, cultural and ethnicity, we can expect to see an even more advanced animation industry become international.

Crack-tip constraint analysis of two collinear cracks under creep condition

Guang-Chen Jiao,Wei-Zhe Wang,Pu-Ning Jiang 국제구조공학회 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.43 No.3

The higher-order asymptotic C(t) − A2(t) approach was employed to investigate the crack-tip stress of two collinear cracks in a power-law creeping material under the plane strain conditions. A comprehensive calculation was made of the single crack, collinear crack model with S/a = 0.4 and 0.8, by using the C(t) − A2(t) approach, HRR-type field and the finite element analysis; the latter two methods were used to check the constraint significance and the calculation accuracy of the C(t) − A2(t) approach,respectively. With increasing the creep time, the constraint A2 was exponentially increased in the smallscale creep stage, while no discernible dependency of the constraint A2 on the creep time was found at the extensive creep state. In addition, the creep time and the mechanical loads have no distinct influence on accuracy of the results obtained from the higher-order asymptotic C(t) − A2(t) approach. In comparison with the HRR-type field, the higher-order asymptotic C(t) − A2(t) solution matches well with the finite element results for the collinear crack model.

Facial Gender Recognition via Low-rank and Collaborative Representation in An Unconstrained Environment

( Ning Sun Hang ),( Guo Jixin Liu ),( Guang Han ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.9

Most available methods of facial gender recognition work well under a constrained situation, but the performances of these methods have decreased significantly when they are implemented under unconstrained environments. In this paper, a method via low-rank and collaborative representation is proposed for facial gender recognition in the wild. Firstly, the low-rank decomposition is applied to the face image to minimize the negative effect caused by various corruptions and dynamical illuminations in an unconstrained environment. And, we employ the collaborative representation to be as the classifier, which using the much weaker l2-norm sparsity constraint to achieve similar classification results but with significantly lower complexity. The proposed method combines the low-rank and collaborative representation to an organic whole to solve the task of facial gender recognition under unconstrained environments. Extensive experiments on three benchmarks including AR, CAS-PERL and YouTube are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with several state-of-the-art algorithms, our method has overwhelming superiority in the aspects of accuracy and robustness.

Spatial Abundance and Diversity of Bacterioplankton in a Typical Stream-Forming Ecosystem, Huangqian Reservoir, China

( Guang Shan Wei ),( Jing Li ),( Ning Xin Wang ),( Zheng Gao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.10

The specific freshwater environment of reservoirs formed by streams has not been well studied. In this paper, the bacterioplankton community in such a reservoir, the Huangqian Reservoir in eastern China, was described using culture-independent molecular methods. We found that the most dominant bacterioplankton were affiliated with Cyanobacteria, followed by Betaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Both bacterial abundance and diversity increased along the direction of water flow, and the 16S rRNA gene copy number in the water outlet was nearly an order of magnitude higher than that in the water inlet. Pearson correlation analyses indicated that nitrate had a significantly negative correlation with the bacterial abundance (p < 0.05) and that ammonium was positively correlated with bacterial abundance (p < 0.05). Interestingly, owing to a remarkably negative correlation (p < 0.01), the ratio of nitrate and ammonium might serve as a good pre dictor of the relative abundance of bacterioplankton. According to redundancy analysis, nitrate and dissolved oxygen were the major factors influencing the bacterial communities. In addition, we attempted to determine the reasons why such a reservoir could maintain good ecological balance for a period of decades, and we found that the environmental factors and bacterial communities both played critical roles. This research will benefit our understanding of bacterial communities and their surrounding environments in freshwater ecosystems.

Virtual Queue Based QoS Layered Vertical Mapping in Wireless Networks

( Shu-guang Fang ),( Ri-zhao Tang ),( Yu-ning Dong ),( Hui Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.6

Wireless communication is one of most active areas in modern communication researches, QoS (Quality of Service) assurance is very important for wireless communication systems design, especially for applications such as streaming video etc., which requires strict QoS assurance. The modern wireless networks multi-layer protocol stack structure results in QoS metrics layered and acting in cascade and QoS metrics vertical mapping between protocol layers. Based on virtual buffer between protocol layers and queuing technology, a unified layered QoS mapping framework is proposed in this paper, in which we first propose virtual queue concept, give a novelty united neighboring protocol layers QoS metric mapping framework, and analysis method based on dicerete-time Markov chain, and numerical results show that our proposed framework represents a significant improvement over previous model.

A FINITE ELEMENT SOLUTION FOR THE CONSERVATION FORM OF BBM-BURGERS' EQUATION

Yang Ning,Mingzhe Sun,GUANG-RI PIAO 영남수학회 2017 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.33 No.5

With the accuracy of the nonlinearity guaranteed, plenty of time and large memory space are needed when we solve the finite ele- ment numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations. In this paper, we use the Group Element Method (GEM) to deal with the non- linearity of the BBM-Burgers Equation with Conservation form and per- form a numerical analysis for two particular initial-boundary value (the Dirichlet boundary conditions and Neumann-Dirichlet boundary condi- tions) problems with the Finite Element Method (FEM). Some numerical experiments are performed to analyze the error between the exact solution and the FEM solution in MATLAB.

Validation of prognostic scores to predict short-term mortality in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure: The CLIF-C OF is superior to MELD, CLIF SOFA, and CLIF-C ACLF

Li, Ning,Huang, Chong,Yu, Kang-Kang,Lu, Qing,Shi, Guang-Feng,Zheng, Jian-Ming The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, I 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.17

ABSTRACT: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients has a high short-term mortality. Identification of effective models to predict the short-term mortality may enable early intervention and improve patients’ prognosis. We aim to assess the performance of the CLIF Consortium Organ Failure score (CLIF-C OFs), CLIF sequential organ failure assessment score (CLIF-SOFAs), CLIF Consortium ACLF score (CLIF-C ACLFs), ACLF grade, and model for end-stage liver disease score (MELDs) in predicting the short-term mortality in CHB patients with ACLF.Among the 155 consecutive adult patients with liver failure as a discharge diagnosis were screened, and all the patients were treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University (Shanghai, China) from January 2010 to February 2016. The diagnosis of ACLF was based on the criteria formalized by the ACLF consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL). Diagnostic accuracy for predicting short-term (28-day) mortality was calculated for CLIF-C OFs, CLIF-SOFAs, CLIF-C ACLFs, ACLF grade, and MELDs in all patients.One hundred fifty-five consecutive adult liver failure patients were screened and 85 patients including 73 males and 12 females were enrolled. Overall, the 28-day transplant-free mortality was 32% in all patients, and 100% in those with severe early course (ACLF-3). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of CLIF-C OFs (AUROC: 0.906, P = .0306, compared with MELDs) was higher than those of CLIF-SOFAs (AUROC: 0.876), CLIF-C ACLFs (AUROC: 0.858), ACLF grade (AUROC: 0.857), and MELDs (AUROC: 0.838) for predicting short-term mortality. The cut-point for baseline CLIF-C OFs in predicting death was 8.5, with 67% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and AUROC of 0.906 (95% CI: 0.8450–0.9679).The results indicate that short-term mortality is high in patients with ACLF and CLIF Consortium Organ Failure score is superior to MELD, CLIF SOFA, and CLIF-C ACLF in predicting its short-term mortality.

Baicalin attenuates adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome by regulating fibrosis procession and inflammatory reaction

Tan Ning,Sun Chen-Xia,Zhu Hui-Jun,Li De-Yu,Huang Sheng-Guang,He Shou-Di 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.9

Background Baicalin has anti-infammatory, antibacterial, blood platelet aggregation-inhibiting, free oxygen radical-clearing, and endotoxin-decreasing properties. However, its molecular mechanism involved in the treatment of Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS) is still unclear. Objective This study aimed to explore the efects of baicalin on Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS) and to characterize the genes involved in this progression. Methods We established Adriamycin-induced NS model in 32 rats and used six rats in Sham group. Urinary total protein content and creatinine serum were assessed as physiological indicators. H&E staining was used to observe the pathological changes. We determined gene expression profles using transcriptome sequencing in the rat kidney tissues from Sham, Adriamycin, and Adriamycin+baicalin groups. KEGG was carried out to analyze the enriched pathways of diferentially expressed genes among these groups. Results Baicalin treatment relieved renal injury in NS rats. Expression of 363 genes was signifcantly diferent between the Adriamycin and Adriamycin+baicalin M groups. Most of the diferentially expressed genes were enriched in pathways involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fbrosis, apoptosis, and infammation. Conclusions Overall, these data suggest that Adriamycin-induced NS can be attenuated by baicalin through the suppression of fbrosis-related genes and infammatory reactions. Baicalin is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of NS, and the identifed genes represent potential therapeutic targets.

Crack-tip constraint analysis of two collinear cracks under creep condition

Jiao, Guang-Chen,Wang, Wei-Zhe,Jiang, Pu-Ning Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.43 No.3

The higher-order asymptotic C(t) - $A_2(t)$ approach was employed to investigate the crack-tip stress of two collinear cracks in a power-law creeping material under the plane strain conditions. A comprehensive calculation was made of the single crack, collinear crack model with S/a = 0.4 and 0.8, by using the C(t) - $A_2(t)$ approach, HRR-type field and the finite element analysis; the latter two methods were used to check the constraint significance and the calculation accuracy of the C(t) - $A_2(t)$ approach, respectively. With increasing the creep time, the constraint $A_2$ was exponentially increased in the small-scale creep stage, while no discernible dependency of the constraint $A_2$ on the creep time was found at the extensive creep state. In addition, the creep time and the mechanical loads have no distinct influence on accuracy of the results obtained from the higher-order asymptotic C(t) - $A_2(t)$ approach. In comparison with the HRR-type field, the higher-order asymptotic C(t) - $A_2(t)$ solution matches well with the finite element results for the collinear crack model.

THE TECHNIQUES OF 16 QASK TRELLIS CODED MODULATION

Li Zheng Lian,Qi Guang Yun,Liu Ning Qing 대한전자공학회 1992 대한전자공학회 Conference Vol.1992 No.2