What We Talk about When We Talk about Revision : A critical overview on terminology, professional practices and training, and the case of literary translation revision in Italy

Giovanna SCOCCHERA 한국통역번역학회 2013 FORUM Vol.11 No.2

Altered adipocyte differentiation and unbalanced autophagy in type 2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy: an in vitro and in vivo study of adipose tissue browning

Giovanna Lattanzi,Camilla Pellegrini,Marta Columbaro,Elisa Schena,Sabino Prencipe,Davide Andrenacci,Patricia Iozzo,Maria Angela Guzzardi,Cristina Capanni,Elisabetta Mattioli,Manuela Loi,David Araujo-V 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Type-2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy is caused by LMNA mutations. Patients gradually lose subcutaneous fat from the limbs, while they accumulate adipose tissue in the face and neck. Several studies have demonstrated that autophagy is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and the maintenance of the balance between white and brown adipose tissue. We identified deregulation of autophagy in laminopathic preadipocytes before induction of differentiation. Moreover, in differentiating white adipocyte precursors, we observed impairment of large lipid droplet formation, altered regulation of adipose tissue genes, and expression of the brown adipose tissue marker UCP1. Conversely, in lipodystrophic brown adipocyte precursors induced to differentiate, we noticed activation of autophagy, formation of enlarged lipid droplets typical of white adipocytes, and dysregulation of brown adipose tissue genes. In agreement with these in vitro results indicating conversion of FPLD2 brown preadipocytes toward the white lineage, adipose tissue from FPLD2 patient neck, an area of brown adipogenesis, showed a white phenotype reminiscent of its brown origin. Moreover, in vivo morpho-functional evaluation of fat depots in the neck area of three FPLD2 patients by PET/CT analysis with cold stimulation showed the absence of brown adipose tissue activity. These findings highlight a new pathogenetic mechanism leading to improper fat distribution in lamin A-linked lipodystrophies and show that both impaired white adipocyte turnover and failure of adipose tissue browning contribute to disease.

Swine Dialyzable Spleen Extract as Antiviral Prophylaxis

Giovanna Merchand-Reyes,Lenin Pavon,Gilberto Pe´rez-Sa´nchez,Said Va´zquez-Leyva,Nohemı´ Salinas-Jazmı´n,,Marco Velasco-Vela´zquez,Emilio Medina-Rivero,Sonia Mayra Pe´rez-Tapia 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11

Worldwide, the most highly consumed meat is of porcine origin. The production and distribution of swine meat are affected by diverse health matters, such as influenza and diarrhea, which cause head losses and require the use of antibiotics and other drugs in hog farms. To stimulate newborn piglet immune responses and increase resistance to infections, we developed a spray-drying technique to produce dried swine dialyzable spleen extract (sDSE), an immunomodulator. Based on the size-exclusion ultra performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis, it was possible to recover up to 58% of the product after the drying process. The biological activity of orally administered dried sDSE increased mouse survival and induced cytokine production in a herpes infection model.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the liver using SonoVue

Giovanna Ferraioli,Maria Franca Melon 대한초음파의학회 2018 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.37 No.1

This review focuses on the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with SonoVue (Bracco Imaging) for the diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs), guidance during ablative treatment, and follow-up of liver tumors. Multicenter trials have shown that the performance of CEUS for the characterization of FLLs is similar to that of contrast-enhanced computed tomography or contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. CEUS with SonoVue has been effectively used for guiding the percutaneous treatment of malignant liver tumors that are invisible or poorly visualized in traditional gray-scale ultrasonography. Postprocedural CEUS may be used to detect and retreat residual viable tissue in the same ablative session. The use of CEUS for the assessment of diffuse liver disease is also discussed.

Are Digital Platforms Public Utilities? -Lessons from the Concept’s Historical Foundations in U.S. Law-

Giovanna Massarotto,Christopher S. Yoo 서울대학교 법학연구소 2022 경제규제와 법 Vol.15 No.1

Calls to regulate large digital platforms as public utilities invites an examination of the concept’s origins and limits. Our historical analysis reveals that public utility lacks a clear definition. Some oft-cited definitions, such as whether an industry is “affected with a public interest” or connected to transportation and distribution have been rejected by U.S. courts. Other approaches treat the term as interchangeable with natural monopoly. The landmark event was the Wisconsin Public Utility Law of 1910, which both coined the term and was modeled on Richard Ely’s views of natural monopoly. In Ely’s view, natural monopoly was a feature that arose with respect to physically interconnected networks, which does not apply to digital platforms.

Injuries among Brazilian male Jiu-Jitsu athletes

Giovanna Medina,Breno Schor,Caio Oliveira D'Elia,Antonio Guilherme Padovani Gar,Alexandre Carneiro Bitar,Juliana Mauad,Wagner Castropil 국제무예학회 2023 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to describe the injuries related to the practice and competition of Jiu-Jitsu (JJ) in Brazil. Athletes answered a survey regarding previous injuries sustained during training or competition that resulted in missing practice or competition for at least one week. One hundred and fifteen male athletes were included (mean age 30.2). A total of 415 injuries were recorded. The number of injuries sustained by each athlete ranged from 0-12 (mean of 3.6). Knee was the most affected site (18.8%), followed by the shoulder girdle (15.9%), ankle (12.3%), and hand (11%). Sprain was the most common diagnosis (31.3%). Traumatic causes were responsible for approximately 70% of the injuries. Results indicated a positive correlation between number of injuries and years JJ practice (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.01), belt graduation (p < 0.001) and level of competition (p < 0.001). In conclusion, most injuries are acute traumatic musculoskeletal injuries to the knee and shoulder, and both time exposure and intensity of JJ practice are risk factors.

Toward acquisition protocol standardization for estimating liver fat content using ultrasound attenuation coefficient imaging

Giovanna Ferraioli,Ambra Raimondi,Annalisa De Silvestri,Carlo Filice,Richard G.Barr 대한초음파의학회 2023 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.42 No.3

Purpose: This study’s primary aim was to assess factors affecting ultrasound attenuation coefficient (AC) measurement repeatability using the Canon ultrasound (US) system. The secondary aim was to evaluate whether similar results were obtained with other vendors’ AC algorithms. Methods: This prospective study was performed at two centers from February to November 2022. AC was obtained using two US systems (Aplio i800 of Canon Medical Systems and Arietta 850 of Fujifilm). An algorithm combining AC and the backscatter coefficient was also used (Sequoia US System, Siemens Healthineers). To evaluate inter-observer concordance, AC was obtained by two expert operators using different transducer positions with regions of interest (ROIs) varying in terms of depth and size. Intra-observer concordance was evaluated on measurements performed intercostally, subcostally, and in the left liver lobe. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient was used. Results: Thirty-four participants (mean age, 49.4±15.1 years; 18 females) were studied. AC values progressively decreased with depth. The measurements in intercostal spaces on bestquality US images using a 3-cm ROI with its upper edge 2 cm below the liver capsule during breath-hold showed the highest intra-observer and inter-observer concordance (0.92 [95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 0.95] and 0.89 [0.82 to 0.96], respectively). Measurements in the left lobe showed the lowest intra-observer and inter-observer concordance (0.67 [0.43 to 0.90] and 0.58 [0.12 to 1.00], respectively). Intercostal space measurements also had the highest repeatability for the other two ultrasound systems. Conclusion: AC values obtained in intercostal spaces on best-quality images using a 3-cm ROI placed with its top 2 cm below the liver capsule were highly repeatable.

Drama and (Joyce`s) Life

Giovanna Vincenti 한국제임스조이스학회 2012 제임스조이스저널 Vol.18 No.2

Chinese students and personal tutorials in a British overseas campus: The strategic choices of emerging adults

Giovanna Comerio,James Walker 서울대학교 교육연구소 2021 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.22 No.2

Personal tutorials are an essential feature of student support in British universities, and therefore they are duplicated on British overseas campuses. It appears that Chinese students are reluctant to seek help when they experience personal difficulties that affect their engagement with learning and their academic performance. Limited literature explores this phenomenon with relevant studies only focusing on Chinese students’ experiences abroad. Furthermore, these studies mainly refer to cultural factors related to traditional Confucianism to explain why these students do not engage with support structures. Drawing on the theory of Emerging Adulthood, this paper analyses the experiences of students on a Chinese branch campus of a British university. A mixed methods research approach was considered the most appropriate means of engaging with the participants; a quantitative study was used in an exploratory fashion to provide unbiased insight into student opinion and experience, and a qualitative content analysis was used to analyse participants’ comments in the open field questions. The findings reveal an alternative portrayal of the “Chinese Personal Tutee”, distant from the traditional Confucian model still predominantly used as an analytical tool in research on Chinese youth. Chinese students on an international campus strategically select their sources of help and prefer to build symmetrical relationships with personal tutors based on personal goals rather than asymmetrical relationships based on ‘care’ provided by adults. Consequently, ‘transnational’ personal tutorial systems pursuing Chinese students’ successful engagement ought to be conceptualized by considering their emerging adulthoods and by respecting their sense of agency. Personal tutorials are an essential feature of student support in British universities, and therefore they are duplicated on British overseas campuses. It appears that Chinese students are reluctant to seek help when they experience personal difficulties that affect their engagement with learning and their academic performance. Limited literature explores this phenomenon with relevant studies only focusing on Chinese students’ experiences abroad. Furthermore, these studies mainly refer to cultural factors related to traditional Confucianism to explain why these students do not engage with support structures. Drawing on the theory of Emerging Adulthood, this paper analyses the experiences of students on a Chinese branch campus of a British university. A mixed methods research approach was considered the most appropriate means of engaging with the participants; a quantitative study was used in an exploratory fashion to provide unbiased insight into student opinion and experience, and a qualitative content analysis was used to analyse participants’ comments in the open field questions. The findings reveal an alternative portrayal of the “Chinese Personal Tutee”, distant from the traditional Confucian model still predominantly used as an analytical tool in research on Chinese youth. Chinese students on an international campus strategically select their sources of help and prefer to build symmetrical relationships with personal tutors based on personal goals rather than asymmetrical relationships based on ‘care’ provided by adults. Consequently, ‘transnational’ personal tutorial systems pursuing Chinese students’ successful engagement ought to be conceptualized by considering their emerging adulthoods and by respecting their sense of agency.

The Astrophysical Trypthic: Extension of GRB, SN, and URCA to GRB060218?

Maria Giovanna Dainotti,Maria Grazia Bernardini,Carlo Luciano Bianco,Letizia Caito,Roberto Guida,Remo Ruffini 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.5

The Swift satellite has given continuous data in the range 0.3 - 150 keV from 0 s to 10⁶ s for GRB060218 associated with SN2006aj. This GRB is the fourth GRB spectroscopically associ-ated with SNe after the cases of GRB980425-SN1998bw, GRB031203-SN2003lw, and GRB 030329-SN2003dh. It has an unusually long duration (T₉₀ ~2100 s). These data offer the opportunity to probe theoretical models for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) connected with supernovae (SNe). We plan to fit the complete γ- and X-ray light curves of this long- duration GRB, including the prompt emission, in order to clarify the nature of the progenitors and the astrophysical scenario of the class of GRBs associated with SNe Ib/c. We apply our "fireshell" model based on the formation of a black hole, giving the relevant references. The initial total energy of the electron-positron plasma,Etote± = 2.32 x 10⁵⁰ erg, has a particularly low value, similar to the other GRBs associated with SNe. For the first time, we observe a baryon loading, B = 10⁻², that coincides with the upper limit for the dynamical stability of the fireshell. The effective circum burst medium (CBM) density shows a radial dependence ncbm ∝ r⁻α with 1.0 ≲ α ≲ 1.7 and monotonically decreases from 1 to 10⁻⁶ particles/㎤. Such a behavior is interpreted as being due to a fragmentation in the fireshell. Such a fragmentation is crucial in explaining both the unusually large T₉₀ and the consequently inferred abnormally low value of the CBM effective density. We fit GRB060218, usually considered as an X-ray flash (XRF), as a "canonical GRB" within our theoretical model. The smallest possible black hole, formed by the gravitational collapse of a neutron star in a binary system, is consistent with the especially low energetics of the class of GRBs associated with SNe Ib/c. We present the URCA process and the connection between the GRBs associated with SNe extended to the case of GRB060218.