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Wolbachia in Beetle species in Korea
Gilsang Jeong,Soyeon Park,Taeman Han,Heachul Park 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04
The Wolbachia bacterium, one of the most prevalent endosymbiotic bacteria, is known to induce reproductive anomalies in various invertebrate taxa. We investigated Wolbachia infection frequency in 203 Coleopteran insects collected from Korea. Among them 26 species (12.8%) across families proved to harbor Wolbachia. The phylogenetic trees of two Wolbachia specific genes imply that there have been complex horizontal gene transfers and recombination events within and between divergent Wolbachia subgroups. Interestingly, we also find that the infection frequency is noticeably low and incongruent at the family level when compared to other literature cases of Wolbachia infection in beetle species.
Sharing of an endosymbiont in sap-feeding insects with the emphasis of Lycorma delicatula
Gilsang Jeong,Eunjoo Choi,Jaeha Ahn,Yikweon Jang,Hansu Choi 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
evolution of multicellular organisms. Especially in insects, a large amount of bacterial symbionts are illustrated. Among the insect taxonomic group, sap feeding insects, mostly Heteroptera, that feeds on poor nutrient sources from plants, have developed special organs where symbiotic bacteria can reside. The bacteria mainly provide the host insects with some essential amino acids. This has built evolutionarily unbreakable tie between the symbionts and the their hosts. Here we present an obligate symbiont from Lycorma delicatula (Heteroptera: Fulgoridae) being thought to invade the Korean penninsula recently. Based on the partial 16s rRNA gene sequence, the symbiotic bacterium is identified as Cadidatus Sulcia mullleri. The Genbank data indicates that the bacterium is found in various heteropteran families. This may imply the acquisition of the bacterium precedes the hosts' divergence, though there is an alternative postulation. We discuss its distribution in the sap-feeding insects and potential role on survival of L. delicatula and paratransgenetic application of the bacterium in controlling L. delicatula.
Wolbachia Infection Frequency in Some Korean ant Species
Gilsang Jeong,Eunha Ko,Jaeyeon Kang,Jae Chun Choe 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
The Wolbachia bacterium is one of the best studied reproductive manipulators found in variuos invertebrate taxa. Theoretically it infects two thirds of invertebrates. It is thought to have a huge impact on its hosts’ evolution. The ant is a very successful organism in terrestrial ecosystems especially with its charicteristic sociality. However, the influence of Wolbachia on the animal remains to be paid more attention. This study is to examine Wolbachia infection frequency in some ant species in Korea. The result shows that 9 out of 12 ant species harbor the bacterium. Furthermore, at least two species show polymorphism in their infection status at the colony level. This will be used as a foundation of further study on the interactions between the bacterium and ant species.
Gilsang Jeong,Eunjoo Choi,Yonggu Lee,Young-cheol Choi,Sang-beom Lee,Hansu Choi 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
The invasive black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, has been paid much attention as an excellent organic matter decomposer. We conducted the nationwide survey and the population genetic study using a mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase 1 gene to understand its genetic diversity and distribution pattern in Korea. The results show that it has successfully settled down in South Korea and there are only 10 haplotypes and the populations of the insect are highly differentiated. The results indicate that only few maternal lineages were introduced and their dispersal was restrained due to their short distance flying tendency since their introduction.
Gilsang Jeong,Soyeon Park,Jae Yeon Kang,In Jung An 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
Haplodiploid sex determination is prevalent in nature comprising about 25% of higher taxa. Due to its uniqueness, selfish entity may relatively easily slip in the system. Here, I will introduce 3 different types of selfish entities. First, some microorganisms are known to distort sex ratio in favor of their own prosperity. Second, a genetic fragment, called paternal sex ratio chromosome, is classified as the extremely selfish element so far in haplodiploid. Finally, haploid genome itself can evolve selfishness. The first two result in skewed sex ratio, and the last in completely new genetic relatedness. I will also discuss their evolutionary significance and potential utilization in controlling pest populations.
Incidence of Wolbachia and Cardinium Endosymbionts in the Osmia Community in Korea
Gilsang Jeong,Kyeongyong Lee,최지영,Seokjo Hwang,박병도,Wontae Kim,최영철,Ingyun Park,Jonggill Kim 한국미생물학회 2009 The journal of microbiology Vol.47 No.1
Sex ratio distorting endosymbionts induce reproductive anomalies in their arthropod hosts. They have recently been paid much attention as firstly texts of evolution of host-symbiont relationships and secondly potential biological control agents to control arthropod pests. Among such organisms, Wolbachia and Cardinium bacteria are well characterized. This study aims at probing such bacteria in the Osmia community to evaluate their potential utilization to control arthropod pests. Among 17 PCR tested species, Osmia cornifrons and a parasitic fly are infected with Wolbachia and a mite species is infected with Cardinium. Phylogenetic tree analyses suggest that horizontal transfer of the bacteria occurred between phylogenetically distant hosts.
Gilsang Jeong,James Russell,Richard Stouthamer 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05
The Wolbachia bacterium is known to induce reproductive anomalies in various insect taxa such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male killing and parthenogenesis. It is hypothesized that the degree of reproductive anomalies is dependent on the bacterial infection density. In this study, we attempted to test the hypothesis using the tiny egg wasp, Trichogramma kaykai that has served as the model system of parthenogenesis where an unfertilized egg develops into a female due to the bacterial infection. So far this is only found in haplodiploid organisms. The results show that 1) as mothers aged, they started producing male offspring, 2) the sex ratio was negatively correlated with the bacterial infection density, 3) female offspring were more than six times heavily infected with Wolbachia than male offspring in the species. In conclusion, female offspring production, parthenogenesis, is as a function of the Wolbachia bacterial density in this species.
Molecular identification of two Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Korea
Gilsang Jeong,최지영,Hwangyong Kim,Youngcheol Choi,Wontae Kim,Kwanho Park,Sungwoo Bae,Jonggill Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2010 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.13 No.1
Trichogramma wasps parasitize eggs of various insect species. Several Trichogramma species have been commercialized to manage Lepidopteran agricultural pests. Correct species identification is essential for successful biological control. However, the microscopic size and morphological similarity of Trichogramma species makes correct identification very difficult. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 gene sequences have been used to identify Trichogramma species. Using this molecular marker, Trichogramma species that are commercially available in Korea were identified as Trichogramma ostriniae and Trichogramma brassicae. The latter has not previously been reported in Korea. Additionally, Cadra cautella and Sitotroga cereallela eggs (host eggs of the commercialized Trichogramma species in Korea) were infected with Wolbachia. However,Trichogramma were not infected with the bacterium. This indicates that horizontal transfer of Wolbachia does not occur from host to wasp.
Gilsang Jeong,Jonggill Kim,Wontae Kim,Youngchul Choi,Kwanho Park,Jiyoung Choi 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05
Microsporidia are obligate fungal intracellular parasites of all animal taxa. Among them the genus Nosema (Nosematidae) is known as the most common entomopathogen. Of these parasites, the ribosomal organization is one of the most pronounced molecular characteristics. One type is the normalarrangement of small subunit (SSU)-internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-large subunit (LSU) in the DNA sequence order. The other is the reverse arrangement of LSU-ITS-SSU. The latter is assigned to be the ‘true’ Nosema in the Nosema/Vairimorpha clade. However, we found that the SSU sequence of a strain of Nosema species having the normal arrangement of its rRNA sequence seemed to be more closely related to the ‘true’ Nosemagroup. Consequently we have further analyzed the complete sequence of rRNA. The results imply that there might be arecombination event in its rRNA evolution and/or the strain may form a novel group near the ‘true’ Nosema group. Interestingly both SSU and LSU of the ‘true’ Nosema and others may be under different selection pressure. We have also found that the size of ITS is distinct between the ‘true’ Nosema and other microsporidian species within the Nosema/Vairimorpha clade. This feature should be a useful diagnostic tool to distinguish the ‘true’ Nosema from others in the clade.