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김흥태,박찬길,유신환 강원대학교 체육과학연구소 2001 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.24
The purpose of this study is to propose a study on the direction of development of the leisure policy in the aging society in the 21st century and ultimately try to find how to activate the old People's exercises. The method to develop the leisure policy for the old people's as follows: First there must be creative, active and constructive form of leisure and we must help the old to enjoy a life of leisure. Secondly, it is necessary to expand and supplement recreation facilities for the aged in the aging society, Thirdly, it is necessary to enlarge the public facilities for the old people's physical training and find a plan to use them properly. Fourthly, it is necessary to fry to find the method to use the facilities effectively for a life of leisure. Fifthly, there must be a variety of educational program to activate a leisure activity for the aged and it is necessary to strength then the old people's education through all cultures. Sixthly, it is necessary to instruct and use professional leaders to carry out such leisure activities for the old. Seventhly, it is necessary to develop and spread the sports programs proper to the old and then find a plan to utilize them wisely, Last, including the leisure policy for the aged, it is necessary to set up and intensify an organization exclusively responsible for the old people's physical training.
조범식,김행길 여수대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.16 No.-
High level languages are rapidly becoming the standard programming methodology for embedded microcontrollers (MCUs), even for smaller 8-bit devices. The C language is probably the most widely used HLL(High Level Language) in MCUs, but will in most applications give an increased code size compared to assembly programming. The result is the ATMEL AVR MCU, that in addition to the optimized code size, is a true single cycle RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) machine with 32 general purpose registers (accumulators) running 4-12 times faster than currently used MCUs.
저나트륨혈증을 급속교정후 발생한 Central Pontine and Extrapontine Myelinolysis 3예
정항재,신현길,이광호,조용욱,배원경,김대호 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.6
저자들은 심한 저나트륨혈증을 급속히 교정하고 난 후 강직성 사지마비와 구음장애, 연하곤란 등의 가성구마비 징후를 보이고, MRI상 뇌교 및 다른 여러부위에 광범위하게 고음영병변을 보인 3명의 Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis 환자들을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis(CPM) is clinically charaterized by quadriplegia, pseudobulbar palsy, and consciousness change, usually following rapid correction of hyponatremia, but the exact mechanism of the pathophysiology remains obscure. Pathologic study reveals well-circumscribed areas of myelin loss sparing neurons and axons in pons and extrapontine region. Vascular changes and inflammation are absent. In the past, the diagnosis of CPM has generally been made on the basis of autopsy findings, but at the present, magnetic resonance imaging has made it possible to make the diagnosis before autopsy for the detection of pontine and extrapontine lesions. We report three cases of central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis associated with typical clinical symptoms following rapid correction of hyponatremia. MRI showed high-signal areas in basis pontis, bilateral thalamus, caudate nucleus, and putamen.
파이프 순환수의 수치해석 모사를 통한 수직 밀폐형 지중열교환기 단면의 열전달 효율 평가
길후정(Gil, Hu-Jeong),이강자(Lee, Chul-Ho),이철호(Lee, Kang-Ja),최항석(Choi, Hang-Seok) 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.06
This paper presents a series of numerical simulations on the thermal performance and sectional efficiency of a closed-loop vertical ground heat exchanger (U-loop) equipped in a geothermal heat pump system (GHP). A 3-D finite volume analysis (Fluent) was used to simulate the operating process of the closed-loop vertical ground heat exchanger by considering the effect of the thickness of HDPE pipe and grout thermal properties, distance between the inflow and outflow pipes, and the effectiveness of the latticed HDPE pipe system. It was observed that the thermal interference between the two strands of U-loop is of importance in determining the efficiency of the ground heat exchanger, and thus it is highly recommendable to modify the cross section configuration of the conventional U-loop system by including a thermally insulating latice between the two strands.
Local Drug Delivery System Using Biodegradable Polymers
Khang, Gil-Son,Rhee, John M.,Jeong, Je-Kyo,Lee, Jeong-Sik,Kim, Moon-Suk,Cho, Sun-Hang,Lee, Hai-Bang The Polymer Society of Korea 2003 Macromolecular Research Vol.11 No.4
For last five years, we are developing the novel local drug delivery devices using biodegradable polymers, especially polylactide (PLA) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) due to its relatively good biocompatibility, easily controlled biodegradability, good processability and only FDA approved synthetic degradable polymers. The relationship between various kinds of drug [water soluble small molecule drugs: gentamicin sulfate (GS), fentanyl citrate (FC), BCNU, azidothymidine (AZT), pamidronate (ADP), $1,25(OH)_2$ vitamin $D_3$, water insoluble small molecule drugs: fentanyl, ipriflavone (IP) and nifedipine, and water soluble large peptide molecule drug: nerve growth factor (NGF), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)], different types of geometrical devices [microspheres (MSs), microcapsule, nanoparticle, wafers, pellet, beads, multiple-layered beads, implants, fiber, scaffolds, and films], and pharmacological activity are proposed and discussed for the application of pharmaceutics and tissue engineering. Also, local drug delivery devices proposed in this work are introduced in view of preparation method, drug release behavior, biocompatibility, pharmacological effect, and animal studies. In conclusion, we can control the drug release profiles varying with the preparation, formulation and geometrical parameters. Moreover, any types of drug were successfully applicable to achieve linear sustained release from short period ($1{\sim}3$ days) to long period (over 2 months). It is very important to design a suitable formulation for the wanting period of bioactive molecules loaded in biodegradable polymers for the local delivery of drug. The drug release is affected by many factors such as hydrophilicity of drug, electric charge of drug, drug loading amount, polymer molecular weight, the monomer composition, the size of implants, the applied fabrication techniques, and so on. It is well known that the commercialization of new drug needs a lot of cost of money (average: over 10 million US dollar per one drug) and time (average: above 9 years) whereas the development of DDS and high effective generic drug might be need relatively low investment with a short time period. Also, one core technology of DDS can be applicable to many drugs for the market needs. From these reasons, the DDS research on potent generic drugs might be suitable for less risk and high return.