Evaluation of Small-scaled Flour Millers in South Korea and its Possible Improvements

( Yong Gik Kim ),( Ju Hee Lee ),( Hyung Gyu Park ),( Seok Ho Kang ),( Tae Wook Kang ),( Yeong Su Kim ),( Seung Min Woo ),( Yu Shin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2023 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.1

The consumption of wheat based food in South Korea is increasing constantly. Most of the flour production proceeded with the large conglomerate serving grains imported from overseas, mainly from the U.S.A and Australia, while small-scaled flour miller are wearing off and falling behind in the competition. The research was done to analysis the current status and its weakness of small-scaled flour millers to promote the wheat consumption and enhance its milling production. According to 74 small-scaled flour millers with its wheat production complex, millers in Gwangju and Uiseong were chosen and investigated based on production stage which are Inspection, Drying, Storage, Milling and Packing. It was found that the deterioration of milling machines, less price competitiveness over imported grains, absence of quality control system and shortage of labor were main reasons of decreasing the rate of operation for the small scaled millers over large conglomerate millers. Hence, the implications mentioned above should be considered and the apply of adequate technologies are necessarily meet to efficiently promote the small-scaled millers and ultimately enhance the self-sufficiency rate of wheat grain in South Korea.

송(宋)에 대한 고려(高麗)의 불전(佛典) 공여(供與)와 그 의도

석길암 ( Gik Am Seok ) 한국사상사학회 2012 韓國思想史學 Vol.0 No.40

본 논문은 이러한 의천의 입송구법이라는 특이한 행보와 그 행보 이후에 나타나는 의천과 고려조정의 적극적인 對宋佛典供與에 내포된 저간의 의도를 해명하는 것에 그 목적이 있다. 의천의 입송구법(入宋求法)은, 의식적이든 무의식적이든, 세 가지 측면에서의 의도를 달성한다고 볼 수 있다. 첫째는 章疏의 수집이라는 본래의 목적일 것이고, 둘째는 송에서의 교학 특히 화엄사상의 부흥이었을 것이다. 이미 入宋 전에 송의 사정에 밝았던 의천이 구법과정에서 그리고 그 후에도 지속적으로 혜인원을 후원했다는 것은 후자의 의도가 있다고 보아야 할 것이다. 셋째는 그럼으로써 자연스럽게 송 지배층 내에 존재하던 갈등을 확대시키는 한 원인으로 작용했던 것으로 생각된다. 의천의 입송구법이 처음부터 외교적인 의도를 내포한 것은 아니었을 것이다. 교종의 章疏를 구하여 一藏으로 간행하려는 원력에 의해 행동으로 옮겨졌던 의천의 입송구법은, 그러나 당시의 국제적 관계에 비추어볼 때 순수하게 구법행으로만 해석되어질 수 있는 범주는 아니었다고 생각된다. 더구나 그것이 宋 불교계 특히 화엄종을 중심으로 한 교종 계열 승려들의 열렬한 호응을 받았을 때, 그리고 그 호응이 지속적인 교류관계로 이어졌을 때, 다시 그러한 관계에 대하여 遼가 적극적으로 반응해왔을 때, 이미 그것은 불전교류의 범주를 넘어서게 되었던 것이다. 의천의 귀국 후에 교장의 간행이 이루어지면서, 의천과 고려 조정이 적극적으로 敎藏의 章疏를 宋의 불교계에 공여하였던 것은, 이미 이러한 효용성을 인지한 후에 나타난 의도적 행동이었을 가능성이 크다고 생각된다. 그리고 그것은 선종 중심의 송 불교계에서 교장을 수집하고 간행할 만한 여력이 없었던 송의 교종세력의 한계와, 지역과 국제적 관계의 한계로 인하여 교종의 章疏를 널리 수집할 수 없었던 遼의 한계를 전제로 이룩할 수 있었던 결과로 보인다. This paper is for explaining on Uicheon`s special work of entering Sung and finding commentaries, and on, after that, Goryeo dynasty`s presenting buddhist texts to Sung and its intention. Uicheon`s special work of entering Sung, either intentionally or not, achieved his intention in three kinds of respect: the first is original intention of collecting commentaries, and the second is revival of buddhist doctrine, especially Huayan thoughts in Sung. During and after his travel, Uicheon, who made his eyes open to Sung, supported Huiyin-yuan Temple continuously, which makes us understood his intention. The last is naturally to see conflicts within ruling circles of Sung more clearly. There must be not contained diplomatic intention in Uicheon`s traveling from beginning. According to his wish of collecting commentaries and integrating single storage, Uicheon travelled in Sung and sought truth, however, considering international relations in that time, his activities couldn`t be interpreted as pure religious intention. Moreover, when his works were welcomed passionately by Sung buddhist circles, especially by monks of doctrinal sects including Huayan Sect, when such response was continued to lasting exchanges, and when Kotan responded actively to such relations, that was beyond exchanges of buddhist texts already. As publishing Doctrine Storage after Uicheon`s returning, presenting buddhist commentaries actively to Sung by Uicheon and Goryeo had much possibilities of intentional actions after noticing this usefulness. And it was the result drawn from the limitation of Sung`s doctrinal circles that couldn`t afford to collect and publish Doctrine Storage in the circumstance of zen`s leadership, and the limitation of Kotan that couldn`t collect widely owing to regional and international limit.

Evaluation of processability of different milling processes on Korean and imported wheat grains

( Yong Gik Kim ),( Hyung Gyu Park ),( Seok Ho Kang ),( Tae Wook Kang ),( Yeong Su Kim ),( Seung Min Woo ),( Daniel Dooyum Uyeh ),( Yu Shin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2022 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2

Korea’s self-sufficiency rate of wheat grain fell sharply as the domestic demand for edible wheat is 2.15 million tons per year, in which the amount of domestic wheat production is only 30 thousand tons. Besides, raising concerns over climate change over food security amid soaring international grain prices put more weight on processing domestic wheat consumption over imported wheat in Korea. Therefore, the research was done to analysis the processability of flour mill plant for replaceability of imported wheat over domestic wheat. 7 different wheat cultivars from Korea, Turkey and the U.S.A. were processed. 100 g of grains were milled utilizing abrasive type miller (TM05, Satake, Japan), friction type miller (SY-92-TR, Ssangyong, Korea) and the combination of both millers. Grains were milled for 2 minutes each and the experiment was repeated for 3 times. The highest milling yield was observed in abrasive miller with Turkish cultivar of 89.10 g, 91.51 g of Korean cultivar in frictional type miller and 88.39 g of American cultivar in combination of both millers. It also showed high in milling loss from Korean cultivars compared with the 3 imported grains with abrasive and frictional type millers, but showed no significant difference with the combination of both millers. Further experiment is needed to analysis the chemical ingredient of variable cultivars with regard to the milling processes.

Analysis of Respiration Rate of Stored Wheat for Early Detection of Spoilage

( Yong Gik Kim ),( Seok Ho Kang ),( Seung Min Woo ),( Yu Shin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2023 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.2

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown cereal crop and it has been a source of essential nutrients necessary for the world’s population. Unfortunately, post-harvest losses due to spoilage in wheat storage facilities still remain a major problem. Standard method for monitoring spoilage involves utilizing temperature cables and measuring moisture content, but showed its limitation due to its less sensitivity of spoilage detection [Ileleji et al., 2006]. Studies asserted that the high respiration rate from CO₂ emission of grain could be used as an compliant tool for early detection with higher diffusion coefficient of CO₂ in bulk grain compare to heat [Singh, 1982]. In this research, lab-scale experiment was carried out with Baekgang cultivar for analyzing its respiration rate in 4 different storage temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40 ℃). The result indicated that the respiration rate increased when stored in 30, 40 ℃ with highest respiration rate of 31 mg CO₂ kg^-1 h^-1. in 7 hours, whereas graduate constant decrease was observed, with lowest value of 1 mg CO₂ kg^-1 h^-1 in storage temperature of 10, 20 ℃. Further analysis regarding quality change of wheat such as, mycotoxin contents were also recommended for adequate quality management of stored wheat.

Optimized Compensation Transactions for HLR Database Systems in Mobile Telecommunication Systems

Yon Gik Yoon 대한전자공학회 1995 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

한·중 카페리 항로의 문제점과 개선방안

Won Gik Cho(조원길),Eun Hyun Kwak(곽은현) 한국무역학회 2013 한국무역학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5

유목문화 기후변화 적응의 역동성과 그 함의

최충익 ( Choon Gik Choi ) 한국환경정책평가연구원 2013 환경정책연구 Vol.12 No.3

실과 [(전기기구다루기)] 단원의 교육방송 프로그램 수업이 학업성취도에 미치는 효과

민병직(Min Byung Gik),김진수(Kim Jin Soo) 한국실과교육학회 1999 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.12 No.1

This study was done to prove how EBS program for the unit of Handling Electrical Appliance of practical arts affects the student’s degree of learning achievement and interest. In order to do so, research hypotheses were set up as follows: (Hypothesis 1) The group of students who studied from the EBS program will show higher degree of learning achievement than the group of students who studied in the traditional way. (Hypothesis 2) The group of students who studied from the EBS program will show higher degree of interest than the group of students who studied in the traditional way. To verify the above hypotheses, four class of 4th graders in M elementary school in Kyung-gi province was selected as object of study. The class was divided into 2 separate groups. Experimental groups started to study through the EBS program and control groups in the traditional way. The result of the study is as follows; (1) (Hypothesis 1) rejected by the both experimental groups and control groups going over the significant level of p< .05. (4) (Hypothesis 2) rejected by the degree of interest of Experimental groups and control groups went outside the range of the significant level of p< .05. As the research result has shown as the above, the unit of Handling Electrical Appliance of EBS program dose not affect the student’s degree of learning achievement nor the interest.

지방자치단체의 온실가스 배출 특성과 기후변화대응 정책적 함의

최충익(Choi Choon-Gik),고재경(Koh Jae-Kyung) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2010 國土計劃 Vol.45 No.2

주제의 의미론적 고찰

전성기 고려대학교 민족문화연구소 1984 民族文化硏究 Vol.18 No.-