Profiling of the leaves and stems of Curcuma longa using LC-ESI-MS and HPLC analysis

( Gia Han Tran ),( Hak-dong Lee ),( Sun-hyung Kim ),( Seok Lee ),( Sanghyun Lee ) 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.66 No.-

Curcuma longa is a plant belonging to the genus Curcuma and is distributed across various Asian regions. This plant is widely known for its rhizomes, which possess a variety of pharmacological properties. However, although the leaves and stems of this plant also contain several health-promoting secondary metabolites, very few studies have characterized these compounds. Therefore, our study sought to quantify the secondary metabolites from the leaves and stems of Curcuma longa L. (LSCL) using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our LC-ESI-MS analyses detected twenty-one phenolic compounds in the LSCL, among which fifteen compounds were detected via HPLC analysis. Four compounds, namely vanillic acid (0.129 mg/g), p-coumaric acid (0.431 mg/g), 4-methylcatechol (0.199 mg/g), and afzelin (0.074 mg/g) were then quantified. These findings suggest that LSCL is rich in secondary metabolites and holds potential as a valuable resource for the development of functional and nutritional supplements in the future.

Investigation of Diseases of Thai koi, Anabas testudineus (BLOCH) from Farming Conditions in Winter

Gias Uddin Ahmed(지아스 우딘 아메드),Mili Dhar(미리 드하르),Mohammed Nurul Absar Khan(모함메드 누늘 압사르 칸),Jae-Suk Choi(최재석) 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.10

방글라데시의 양식어류 생산에서 가장 큰 문제점은 어병이며, 어병을 진단하는 위해서는 병변부의 조직병리학적 진단이 필수적이다. 방글라데시의 주요 잉어과에 속하는 몇몇 어류에 대해서는 조직병리학적 연구가 진행되었지만, 고유종(indigenous species)이면서 담수 소형어류인 어종에 대해서는 거의 연구가 이루어지지 않은 상태이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 보양식으로 경제적 가치가 높은 Thai koi (Anabas testudineus)에 대한 조직병리학적 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 2006년 8월부터 2007년 2월까지 7개월간 방글라데시 미멘싱(Mymensingh)지역의 두 양어장에서 임상학적 그리고 조직병리학적 관찰을 통해 Thai koi(A. testudineus)의 건강상태를 조사하였다. 어류개체의 홍반, 출혈, 외상, 원생동물 피낭(cyst)과 같은 비정상적 증상에 대한 임상학적 진단을 월별로 조사하였다. 동절기양어장의 수질 요인 중에서 수온, 용존산소량과 같은 변수는 어류에게 적합하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 임상학적으로는 12월부터 1월 사이에 병에 걸린 어류가 더 많았고, 8월과 9월 사이 그리고 2월에는 외형상으로는 거의 정상에 가까웠다. 12월과 1월에 피부탈락, 피부외상, 궤양과 꼬리지느러미의 손실과 같은 여러 가지의 임상학적 증상이 나타났다. 조직병리학적 측면에서 8월과 9월 기관의 구조는 정상으로 나타났다. 10월과 11월 사이에는 미미한 병적 증상들이 발견되었고, 12월과 1월에는 조직괴사, 핵응축(pyknosis), 염증, 출혈, 이상비대(hypertrophy), 세포과형성(hyperplasia), 1·2차 새판(gill lamellae)의 손상과 같은 현저한 조직병리학적 변화가 발견되었다. 반면에 2월에는 어류의 병적증상이 점차적으로 감소하였다. 개개의 어류양식장을 고찰해 보았을 때, Relance Aqua Farm의 어류가 Sotota Mastshya Hatchery의 어류보다 더 감염률이 높았다. 본 연구 결과는, Thai koi의 월별 임상학적·조직병리학적 진단을 통해, 어병 발생 시기를 예측하고, 예방하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다. Investigation on health conditions of Thai koi (Anabas testudineus) were carried out through clinical and histopathological observations from different farms of Mymensingh district for seven months during August 2006 to February 2007. Fish sampling and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were monitored on a monthly basis. Clinical examination of fishes was also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Among the water quality parameters the values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen were found to be at unfavorable level for fish during the colder months in the farms. Clinically it was observed that fishes were more affected from December to January and almost normal in appearance during August to September and February. Different clinical symptoms like scale loss, dermal lesion, ulcer and loss of caudal fin were noticed in December and January. In histopathological study, structures of fish organs were normal from August to September. In the months of October and November, minor pathologies were found to be started. Marked pathological changes like necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, missing of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed in the months of December and January. Whereas, in the month of February the pathological condition of fish gradually reduced. Again when considered individual fish farm, fishes of Reliance Aqua Farm were more affected than Sotota Matshya Hatchery. The study showed that severity of clinical and pathological changes were increased in December and January. During the period EUS and protozoan diseases were noticed in A. testudineus of the investigated farms.

Improving Usability of Kiosks in Fast Food for Seniors: A study on Kiosk Interface Design

Gia Ann,Ye eun Park,Younah Kang 한국HCI학회 2024 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2024 No.1

As unmanned kiosk systems become increasingly popular in the restaurant, many senior users struggle with complicated user interfaces. This study proposes an intuitive and easy-to-understand user interface by identifying seniors challenges when using ondemand kiosks. We conducted a preliminary study to understand the difficulties seniors in their 50s and 60s, encounter with food kiosks. We developed a prototype kiosk user interface that catered to their needs based on our findings. Subsequently, usability testing was conducted to evaluate whether the design considerations effectively alleviated the kiosks challenges. The results showed that our prototype enhanced user satisfaction by providing clearer directions at each step and offering more information about the items available for ordering compared to existing kiosks. Additionally, the intuitive layout of the kiosk design improved participants perceived ease of use. Our findings offer valuable insights into practical design considerations that can address seniors current use challenges with kiosk systems.

Quantitative analysis of coumarins in Artemisia keiskeana and A. stolonifera using HPLC/PDA

Gia Han Tran,Hyejin Cho,Jae Min Chung,Sanghyun Lee 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.66 No.-

Artemisia keiskeana and A. stolonifera are plants of the genus Artemisia, distributed in various regions, especially China and Korea. They are renowned as medicinal plants with biological and pharmacological activities. Fraxidin, isofraxidin, and daphnoretin are coumarins present in Artemisia spp.; however, research on them is limited. Therefore, this study was carried out to quantify the content of these compounds in the aerial parts of A. keiskeana and A. stolonifera in different regions in Korea. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed with a photodiode array detector and a reverse-phase INNO column. A. stolonifera only contained fraxidin with the highest amount found in Yongmun commune. A. keiskeana cultivation in Soyang commune gave the highest fraxidin and daphnoretin content. However, isofraxidin was not present in all samples. The findings suggest that the concentrations of the three compounds may differ depending on the growth site and provide a foundation for future studies.

Quantitative analysis of capsaicinoids in Capsicum annuum using HPLC/UV

Gia Han Tran,Hyejin Cho,Chohee Kim,Ohyeol Kweon,Jun Yeon Park,Sullim Lee,Sanghyun Lee 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.66 No.-

Capsicum annuum belongs to the Solanaceae family, crops of which are extensively cultivated worldwide. It is a food source containing various nutrients and vitamins and also serves as a medicine for treating ailments. The burning feeling experienced while consuming Capsicum fruits is due to the presence of capsaicinoids, particularly capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin. This study aimed to assess the content of these two compounds in 34 varieties of capsicum and paprika. High-performance liquid chromatography with a gradient elution system and a reversephase YMC Pack-Pro column with UV detection at 280 nm was employed. The results revealed that, among the 34 samples, only six samples (samples 1, 15, 20, 29, 32, and 34) contained capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, and their highest contents were found in sample 1 - variety name: Sungil-c (capsaicin: 3.42 mg/g extract, dihydrocapsaicin: 1.20 mg/g extract). These findings suggest that the content of these two compounds is attributed to the variety and is influenced by geographical location and environmental factors. Additionally, this study provides a basis for establishing a C. annuum variety with high capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin contents.

Seismic Performance of Exterior RC Beam–Column Joints Retrofitted using Various Retrofit Solutions

Gia Toai Truong,Ngoc Hieu Dinh,Jong-Chan Kim,Kyoung-Kyu Choi 한국콘크리트학회 2017 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.11 No.3

Beam-column joints in existing concrete buildings might not satisfy the design requirements for seismic reinforcement details specified in current seismic design codes. Thus, in this study, various retrofit solutions for existing exterior beam-column joints with non-seismic details were developed: head re-bars anchoring, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) wrapping, haunch retrofit element, and steel jacketing with various shapes and sizes. To investigate the seismic performance of exterior joints strengthened with the proposed retrofit solutions, seven half-scale exterior reinforced concrete beam-column joints including one control specimen and six retrofitted specimens were fabricated and tested under cyclic loading simulating earthquake loading. The test results showed that the proposed retrofit solutions could partially enhance the seismic capacity of the beam-column joints: steel jackets could increase deformation and load-carrying capacities; steel haunch elements could increase the load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and dissipated energy; and head re-bar anchoring and CFRP wrapping did not significantly effect on the seismic capacity of the beam-column joints.

키토산의 양성자화가 세균막과의 상호작용에 미치는 효과 연구

( Gia Khuong Truong ),이명기 ( Myunggi Yi ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2016 한국수산과학회지 Vol.49 No.6

The cationic biopolymer chitosan has several applications in medicine. Chitosan is the deacetylated derivative of chitin, the second most abundant naturally occurring polymer. Recent studies have investigated the relationship between chitosan and antibacterial activity. However, the molecular interactions and mechanisms have not been detailed. This study used molecular dynamics simulations to study interactions between chitosan and anionic bacterial membranes (POPE-POPG) and electrically neutral non-bacterial membranes (POPC). We calculated the free energy using umbrella sampling to compare the interactions between membranes and chitosan in different protonation states. Fully protonated chitosan interacted most strongly with the bacterial membranes, but weakly with non-bacterial membranes. These results suggest that electrostatic interactions are the main mechanism of the antibacterial activity of chitosan, and they provide insights into the design of novel antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.

EFFECT OF AQUA-DRUGS AND CHEMICALS ON SHRIMP HEALTH AND PRODUCTION IN COASTAL AQUACULTURE OF BANGLADESH

Gias U. Ahmed,Md. T. Hasan,Md. Ali R. Faruk,Md. K. Rahman 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

Mechanism of antibacterial activity of chitosan studied by molecular dynamics simulations

Gia Khuong Truong,Myunggi Yi 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2016 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.05

A Study on the Construction of Stage Discrimination Model and Consecutive Waypoints Generation Method for Ship’s Automatic Avoiding Action

Gia Huy Dinh,Nam-Kyun Im 한국지능시스템학회 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.17 No.4

This article introduces an automatic collision avoidance (ACA) system for ship integrated by three parts, combining stage discrimination module, a module to determine feasible collision avoidance action according to International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG) and a tracking module for keeping the own ship on the desired route. The paper attempts to discriminate the differently dangerous stages for encounters of ships by determining ship’s domain model and analyzing COLREG. The new ship domain model defining the most dangerous area around target ship is shaped based on ship maneuverability information and good seamanship, within which statistical method is performed. one hundred commercial vessels and 60 experienced officers are surveyed in order to determine parameters employed for ship domain construction. The concept of ACA is adopted by mutually flexible application between PID controller and complexity rules of algorithm named consecutive waypoint generation (CWPG) algorithm. Many simulation scenarios are then, utilized to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the suggested system accompanying with the evaluation on saving energy and smoothness of the performance. A novel ACA system is presented in this research the effectiveness of which is convincing. The new ship domain model can be widely applied in general cases instead of certain restriction areas implementing surveys in previous studies. There is no fulfilled acceptance solution to the major until now, however, new approaching development of this research will promote a positive result for an application of ACA system in deploy in the future.