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Thermodynamic Properties of Barium-Antimony Alloys Determined by Emf Measurements
Lichtenstein, Timothy,Gesualdi, Jarrod,Nigl, Thomas P.,Yu, Chen Ta,Kim, Hojong Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.251 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The thermodynamic properties of Ba-Sb alloys, including the activity, partial molar entropy, and partial molar enthalpy, were determined using the electromotive force (emf) technique for thirteen compositions spanning the composition range of <I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> =0.03–0.77. Emf measurements were performed at ambient pressure under an inert argon atmosphere using a Ba-Bi(<I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> =0.05)|CaF<SUB>2</SUB>-BaF<SUB>2</SUB>|Ba(in Sb) electrochemical cell at 723–1073K. At 923K, activity values of Ba in Sb were as low as 2.0×10<SUP>−15</SUP> at mole fraction <I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> =0.05 and approached unity for mole fractions <I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> ≥0.77. Phase characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed on compositions of <I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> =0.03–0.77 and thermal characterization was performed on compositions up to <I>x</I> <SUB>Ba</SUB> =0.40 using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Integrating the results from emf, XRD, and DSC measurements, an experimentally determined Ba-Sb phase diagram was constructed.</P>