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氣象條件이 建築 工程計劃에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究 : 韓國·地域別 氣象曲線을 中心으로 Focus on the Weather-Curve by Station of Korea
金鎭玉,梁克永 圓光大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.22 No.2
경제계획이란 공사의 방법 및 순서, 공사에 종사하는 勞動者, 사용하는 建築材料, 그리고 공사수단으로서의 공사용 기계 및 건설공구의 구체적인 사항들을 공정입안하여 건축물을 공사기간내에 완성할 수 있도록 공정을 최적한 상태로 실시할 수 있게 입안하는 것이 工程計劃이라고 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 공정계획 입안시에는 불확정요인의 영향으로 작업변경을 일으키게 되며 공사진전 및 준공일정에도 많은 어려움을 초래하게 된다. 이에 따른 불확정 요인으로는 인위적 요인과 자연적 요인으로 나눌 수 있는데 인위적 요인으로는 자금이 조달부족, 설계변경, 노동자의 태업, 불의의 사고등이 있고 자연적 요인으로는 천재지변과 같은 인간의 힘으로 어쩔 수 없는 요인이 있다. 그러므로 자연적 요인중에서 수개년간의 氣象統計資料를 실용화하여 기본자료로서 활용하고 체계적인 공정관리를 예견하여 전진시킬 수 있었는 바, 이제까지 국내에서는 연구의 미진으로 인하여 종합적인 연구 및 대안이 제시되지 못했으며 일본의 경우에서도 기후구별 (북부, 남부)로 개괄적인 작업 불가능일수만을 제시하고 있는 형편이고, 또한 서구에서도 수리적인 統計綜合에 의한 대안을 제시하는 정도이다. 따라서, CPM Network을 계획, 설계하는데에 많은 어려움과 비 체계적인 工程計劃表를 작성해 오고 있는 현재이기도 하다. 이러한 현황에서 CPM분야에서는 기상조건에 의한 공정계획을 체계적으로 인해서 冬·夏節期에만 소요기간을 적절히 추구하여 왔다고 할 수 있다. 그러므로, 건축공정계획은 우리나라의 각 지역별 기상특성을 분석, 이에 따른 종합대안으로 건축작업일수를 산정하여 계절기후 및 월별 기후 영향에 따라 계획이 입안되어져야 하므로 본 연구를 통해서는 기후권역에 따른 합리적인 공정계획을 세우기 위한 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. This study is to make the CPM network schedule economical and systematical in the context of the climatic conditions of our country. The main results are as follows. Abstract 1) Classification of types of starting work in relation to the period of the starting work's appropriateness at each station in Korea. 2) This study is to determine the appropriate starting work days of subterranean construction which is influenced by the weather in building construction work. It also compares and analyzes the influences of weather factors according to the weather graph analysis. Major Results 1) This chapter arranges the classification of numbers of starting work days appropriated by each station and suggests the classification of starting work day's type according the climatic factors in Korea. District division was a result. 2) This chapter calculated the starting work period of subterranean construction by choosing some stations and discriminating against the interrelation of climatic influences according to the climatic graph's analysis. Also presented was an available and controllable plan by using weather-curves in order to compare and analyze distinctive qualities of a climatic circle by station.
Geok Hwa Kee 서울대학교 교육연구소 2010 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.11 No.4
Are the academic and social experiences of Chinese Malaysian students as much an outcome of the selective acculturation strategy of their parents as the linguistic assimilation policy of the government? Driven by economic necessity on one hand and pressured by cultural preservation on the other, Chinese parents first send their sons and daughters to Chinese-medium primary schools and then Malay-medium secondary schools. Facing linguistic assimilation and racial stratification, students with opportunistic attitudes accumulate language capital and obey discipline rules. Those with oppositional attitudes and defiant behaviors are labeled as "hard cores" and pressured to quit school. As "model students" (high achievers) become technical professionals and "hard cores" (low achievers) work as unskilled workers for co-ethnic entrepreneurs, social stratification is reproduced within the Chinese community.
( Geok Leng Seah ),남윤성 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1
A light, as well as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), sensitive polymeric micelle composed of poly(1,4-phenyleneacetone dimethylene thioketal)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PPADT-PEG) block copolymer for drug delivery is introduced here. The ROS sensitive PPADT was synthesized via polycondensation and conjugated to methoxy-PEG. Upon exposure to visible light (λ = 650 nm), the encapsulated meso-tetraphenyl-porphyrin (TPP) released ROS to break down PPADT and free the paclitaxel within the PPADT-PEG micelle core. For anti-cancer purposes, paclitaxel and TPP were encapsulated within the micelle core and its surface decorated with folic acid. Under light irradiation, paclitaxel is released to eradicate cancer cells. This hybrid light-ROS sensitive micelle is a potential drug carrier. Acknowledgement: Korea Health Technology R&D Project (A111552).
( Geok Leng Seah ),남윤성 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
The presence of a high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important biomarker of cancers. Poly(1,4-phenyleneacetone dimethylene thioketal) (PPADT) was introduced for oral delivery of siRNA to ROS-rich inflammation sites in the intestine. In this work, we fabricated ROS-sensitive polymer micelles using an amphiphilic block copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) and PPADT for light-activated anticancer therapy. The ROS-sensitive polymeric micelles, which coencapsulate photosensitizers and paclitaxel, degraded upon light illumination for controlled burst release of paclitaxel to the tumour cells. The targeting efficacy of the polymer micelles for HeLa cells increased through the introduction of folic acid on the surface of the polymer micelles, efficiently causing cytotoxicitiy to HeLa cells at a low concentration of paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. **Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2013R1A1A1009626).
Dual sensitive nanoparticles for targeted delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics
( Geok Leng Seah ),김지선,남윤성 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
The adverse effects of the conventional cancer chemotherapy have motivated research for efficient cancer-targeting anti-cancer drugs delivery. Here, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive degradable polythioketal micelles encapsulating both anti-cancer drug and photosensitizer were delivered to HeLa cervical cancer cells via folate receptor mediated endocytosis. Poly(1,4-phyenyleneacetone dimethyl thioketal)-b-PEG amphiphilic block copolymer formed the main component of the micelles. Upon visible light treatment, the photosensitizergenerated ROS degraded the micelles to release the drug and significantly reduced HeLa cells viability in vitro. In vivo studies also presented the effectiveness of the therapeutic nanoparticles in tumour growth suppression at low anti-cancer drug dosage.
Geok Hoon Lim,Sze Yiun Teo,John Carson Allen,Jubal Pallavi Chinthala,Lester Chee Hao Leong 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: The Z0011 trial showed that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) can be safely avoided in breast cancer patients with low nodal burden (LNB). ALND can be performed in patients with high nodal burden (HNB). We aimed to determine whether HNB in early breast cancer patients can be predicted preoperatively to avoid sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Methods: Early invasive breast cancer patients (cT1-2cN0) were retrospectively reviewed. We excluded patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and incomplete data. The patients were divided into the following groups based on surgical histology: no positive (N0), LNB, and HNB, defined as 0, 1–2, and ≥ 3 metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), respectively. Of the patients with metastatic nodal disease, only those with ALND were included in the analysis. Clinical, radiological, and histological parameters were evaluated using logistic regression analysis as predictors of HNB versus LNB and N0 combined. Results: Of the 1,298 included patients, 832 (64.1%), 286 (22.0%), and 180 (13.9%) had N0, LNB, and HNB, respectively. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sonographic features of breast tumor size (p < 0.0001), number of abnormal LNs (p < 0.0001), cortical thickness (p = 0.0002), effacement of the fatty hilum (p < 0.0001), and needle biopsy being performed (p < 0.0001) were indicators of HNB. Breast tumor grade (p = 0.0001) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (p = 0.0262) were also statistically significant. Among these significant features, multivariable stepwise logistic regression showed that the number of abnormal LNs is the sole independent predictor of HNB (p < 0.0001, area under the curve = 0.774). The positive predictive value of HNB in patients with ≥ 4 abnormal LNs was 92.9%. Conclusion: The detection of ≥ 4 abnormal LNs on ultrasound can help to identify HNB patients who require upfront ALND and thus avoid SLNB.