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Capitals of the Korean Meta-nation: An archipelago of Hyperand Shadow-Capitals
Valérie Gelézeau 건국대학교 인문학연구원 2019 통일인문학 Vol.5 No.2
This paper discusses the Korean urban space by focusing on capital cities and how they structure the Korean “meta-nation”, i.e. this very unique cultural space, attached to the locus of the Korean peninsula and coherent over the historical longue durée, currently split into two States and fragmented into great diasporic communities, which positions are determined by political polarization. It is based on the analysis of geographical discourse on Korean “capital cities”, and “capitalness”, as the quality of some cities able to take on the power that comes with a central political role, even if they are not or no longer the current capital, in various secondary sources in English and Korean. Next to the great capitals of Korean geo-history (hyper-capitals of the present States, Pyongyang and Seoul, or legitimizing historical capital cities such as Kaesong and Kyŏngju), de-capitalized cities such as Suwŏn, forgotten or marginalized capitals, such as Puyo, or Kongju) form an archipelago of capitals. This archipelago of “hyper-capitals” and “shadow capitals” is scattered not only across the peninsula itself, but is also connected to many capital cities of the Korean diaspora: from the North American diaspora’s Koreatown in Los Angeles to the Central Asian diaspora’s Almaty in Kazakhstan.
Smart City Songdo? A Digital Turn on Urban Fabric
( Suzanne Peyrard ),( Valérie Gelézeau ) 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2020 Seoul journal of Korean studies Vol.33 No.2
Using the perspective of cultural and critical geography, this paper discusses the fabric of Songdo, South Korea, a mega-urban project declared the paragon of a “smart city” and intended to house about 250,000 inhabitants by 2020. After demonstrating how Songdo fits David Harvey’s (1975, 2001b) concept of a “mega-project,” we deconstruct the development of Songdo to show how the city is a “spatial fix” (Harvey 1981, 2001a). Then, according to Henri Lefebvre’s (1974) theory of space (conceived, perceived, and experienced), we analyze Songdo’s smart city marketing. This method allows us to interrogate the logics of actors in the fabric of Songdo and the articulation between the fabric, the meaning, and the living, focusing on residential scale. What does it mean to live in such a “smart city” in the making? Are the housing, planning, and public facilities appropriate for the pioneering residents’ actual practices in the new city? Has digital intelligence had any effects on building and managing a city? If so, what are they? By analyzing data collected through ethnographic methods, we present a better vision of the complex temporalities of such a mega-project under construction. A city in the making leads to functional and morphological discrepancies: from the presence of idle lands nearby brand new towers to vegetable gardens in front of glamorous urban facilities. Our approach to Songdo is remote from the usual boasting discourse on the “smart city.” Songdo is hardly smarter than any contemporary city; rather, it is a smart city only because digital life enhanced by the use of smartphones has become a “total social fact” (Mauss 1973) in South Korea and in urbanism.
Osman ?ner,?nal Ge?gel,Tarık Avcu 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.1
Starting materials are very significant to produce activated carbons because every starting material has a different chemical structure; hence they affect the surface functional groups and surface morphologies of obtained activated carbons. In this study, sycamore balls, ripe black locust seed pods, and Nerium oleander fruits have been used as starting materials by ZnCl2 chemical activations for the first time. Firstly, activated carbons were obtained from these starting materials with ZnCl2 chemical activation by changing production conditions (carbonization time, carbonization temperature, and impregnation ratio) also affecting the structural and textural properties of the resultant activated carbons. Then, the starting materials and resultant activated carbons were characterized by utilizing diverse analysis techniques, such as TGA, elemental analysis, proximate analysis, BET surface areas, pore volumes, pore size distributions, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, SEM, FTIR spectra, and H2 adsorption isotherms. The highest surface areas were determined to be 1492.89, 1564.84, and 1375.47 m2/g for the activated carbons obtained from sycamore balls, ripe black locust seed pods, and N. oleander fruits, respectively. The yields of these activated carbons with the highest surface areas were calculated to be around 40%. As the carbonization temperature increased with sufficient ZnCl2 amount, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms began to turn into Type IV isotherms given by mesoporous adsorbents with its hysteresis loops. Also, their hysteresis loops resembled Type H4 loop generally associated with narrow slit-like pores. Moreover, hydrogen uptakes under 750 mmHg at 77 K were determined to be 1.31, 1.48, and 1.24 wt% for the activated carbons with the maximum surface areas produced from sycamore balls, ripe black locust seed pods, and N. oleander fruits, respectively. As a result, the highest surface areas of the activated carbons with different structural properties produced in this study were obtained with different production conditions.
Vibration measurement and vulnerability analysis of a power plant cooling system
Anil, Ozgur,Akbas, Sami Oguzhan,Kantar, Erkan,Gel, A. Cem Techno-Press 2013 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.11 No.2
During the service life of a structure, design complications and unexpected events may induce unforeseen vibrations. These vibrations can be generated by malfunctioning machinery or machines that are modified or placed without considering the original structural design because of a change in the intended use of the structure. Significant vibrations occurred at a natural gas plant cooling structure during its operation due to cavitation effect within the hydraulic system. This study presents findings obtained from the in-situ vibration measurements and following finite-element analyses of the cooling structure. Comments are made on the updated performance level and damage state of the structure using the results of these measurements and corresponding numerical analyses. An attempt was also made to assess the applicability of traditional displacement-based vulnerability estimation methods in the health monitoring of structures under vibrations with a character different from those due to seismic excitations.
Experimental and finite element analyses of footings of varying shapes on sand
Anil, Ozgur,Akbas, S. Oguzhan,Babagiray, Salih,Gel, A. Cem,Durucan, Cengizhan Techno-Press 2017 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.12 No.2
In this study, bearing capacities and settlement profiles of six irregularly shaped footings located on sand have been experimentally and analytically investigated under the effect of axial loading. The main variable considered in the study was the geometry of the footings. The axial loads were applied from the center of gravities of the test specimens. Consequently, the effect of footing shape on the variation of the bearing capacities and settlement profiles have been investigated in this paper. The three dimensional finite element analyses of the test specimens were conducted using the PLAXIS 3D software. The finite element model results are in acceptable agreement with the results obtained using experimental investigation. In addition, the usability of the finite element technique by design engineers to determine the bearing capacities and settlement profiles of irregularly shaped footings was investigated. From the results of the study, it was observed that the geometric properties of the footings significantly influenced the variation of the bearing capacities and settlement profiles.