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일반논문 : 『孟子』 수양론(修養論)과 교육적(敎育的) 실천방안(實踐方案)
남기호 ( Geeho Nam ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2013 교육문화연구 Vol.19 No.4
본 논문은 『맹자』수양론의 근간이 되는 마음에 관한 의미와 기능, 心과 欲의 관계를 조명하고, 다양한 수양방법 중 盡心과 知言의 방법을 중점적으로 論하면서, 心의 修養이 교육적으로 적용 될 수 있는 내용을 도출함에 그 의의를 둔다. 논문에 제시된 핵심내용은 개인의 마음수양의 필요성을 강조하고, 지속성을 유지하여 선한 본성을 잃지 않으며 타인과 사회공동체에 화합 할 수 있도록 善心을 확장하자는 것이다. 이를 위한 교육적 실천방안으로 자기반성과 용서 수양을 제시하면서 ``마음과 대화하기``, ``용서 일지`` 작성을 실천하고 지언수양을 통한 언행일치의 조화를 강조한다. 개인과 사회의(추가) 실천적 행동으로 개인적인 수양과 병행하여 사회의 책무성 차원에서 과거의 ``바른말 고운말 사용하기``운동을 회복하고, 인간관계에 적합한 ``올바른 대화법``에 대한 연구 및 실천제도가 조기에 시행되어야 한다는 것이 주요 요지이다. This paper illuminates the meaning and function of mind derived from the Mencius` cultivation theory, and the relation between ``mind``(心) and ``desire``(欲). It emphasises on the discussion of ``Jinsim(盡心)`` and ``Ji-eun``(知言), and aims to derive the potential applications of ``修養 of 心`` on educational practices. The crux of the paper is to stress the importance of personal mind training, maintaining the innate goodness, to expand the ``virtue``(善心) and ultimately achieve personal and social harmony. In order to transform Mencius` Self-cultivation Theory into pedagogical practice, this study suggests the following:Cultivation of Self-reflection and Forgiveness Undergo ``Conversation with the mind`` and periodically recording the ``Diary of Forgiveness`` Through practices of ``Ji-eun``(知言) along with personal trainings, ``바른말 고운말 사용하기 (Conversation Etiquette)`` campaign should be revived in social dimensions Studies on appropriate conversational skills for human network should be conducted at an early stage
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Jung Min Lee,Geeho Min,Bora Keum,Jae Min Lee,Seung Han Kim,Hyuk Soon Choi,Eun Sun Kim,Yeon Seok Seo,Yoon Tae Jeen,Hoon Jai Chun,Hong Sik Lee,Soon Ho Um,Chang Duck Kim 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.6
Background/Aims: Recent studies have demonstrated that etomidate is a safe sedative drug with noninferior sedative effects. In our recent study, we revealed that etomidate/midazolam was more hemodynamically stable than propofol/midazolam in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopies. We aimed to investigate whether compared with propofol/midazolam, etomidate/midazolam causes fewer cardiopulmonary adverse events with noninferior efficacy for screening colonoscopies in patients of all ages. Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind study, we prospectively enrolled 200 patients. The patients were divided into etomidate and propofol groups. The primary outcome was the occurrence of cardiopulmonary adverse events. The secondary outcomes were the proportion of patients with fluctuations in vital signs (oxygen desaturation and transient hypotension), adverse events interrupting the procedure, and sedation-related outcomes. Results: Adverse cardiopulmonary events were more common in the propofol group than the etomidate group (65.0% vs 51.0%, respectively; p=0.045). Forty-six patients (46.0%) in the propofol group and 29 (29.0%) in the etomidate group experienced fluctuations in their vital signs (p=0.013). The proportions of patients experiencing adverse events that interrupted the procedure, including myoclonus, were not significantly different between the two groups (etomidate: 20.0% vs propofol: 11.0%; p=0.079). Both groups had similar sedation-related outcomes. Multivariate analysis revealed that compared with the propofol groups, the etomidate group had a significantly lower risk of fluctuations in vital signs (odds ratio, 0.427; 95% confidence interval, 0.230 to 0.792; p=0.007). Conclusions: Compared with using propofol/midazolam, using etomidate/midazolam for screening colonoscopies results in more stable hemodynamic responses in patients of all ages; therefore, we recommend using etomidate/midazolam for colonoscopies in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
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