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Anti-inflammatory Potential of Chitin, Chitosan and Chitooligosaccharides: A Review
( Gaurav Lodhi ),( Yon Suk Kim ),( Jin Woo Hwang ),( Se Kwon Kim ),( You Jin Jeon ),( Sang Ho Moon ),( Byong Tae Jeon ),( Pyo Jam Park ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2014 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.19 No.3
Inflammation is primarily a defense mechanism of the host against invading pathogens with the main purpose being mainte-nance of tissue homeostasis. However, if it goes uncontrolled or unchecked, it leads to a plethora of pathological conditions including tissue damage, tumorogenesis and even organ failure. Chitin is a non-toxic, natural biopolymer synthesized in enor-mous amount by living organism. Chitosan is a partially deacetylated derivative of chitin. Both chitin and chitosan have been in the center of research because of their functional properties but poor solubility limits their application. Chitooligosaccharides(COS) are chemically or enzymatically degraded products of chitosan or chitin with an advantage of increased solubility. The application of chitin, chitosan and COS varies from being used in food, cosmetics, biomedicine, agriculture, environmental protection, and waste water management to being used as a bioactive material and carriers in drug delivery. In light of the various proven biomedical applications of chitin, chitosan and COS, this review focuses on their anti-inflammatory potential.
Gaurav Jain,Bhavna Gupta,Priyanka Gupta,Sagarika Panda,Sameer Sharma,Shalinee Rao 대한중환자의학회 2021 Acute and Critical Care Vol.36 No.1
Background: Due to the risk of viral transmission during in-person training, a shift towardonline platforms is imperative in the current pandemic. Therefore, we compared the effectivenessof an in-person interactive course with a structurally similar online course designedto improve cognitive skills among clinical health professionals in arterial blood gas analysis,management of electrolyte imbalances, and approaches to mechanical ventilation in criticallyill patients. Methods: In an observational, outcome assessor-blinded, cohort trial, group A included participantsenrolled prospectively in an online course, while group B included those who tookpart in an in-person course (retrospective arm). The primary objective was comparison ofcognitive skills through a pre and post-test questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performedusing Student t-test. Results: In total, 435 participants were analyzed in group A, while 99 participants were evaluatedin group B. The mean pre-test score was 9.48±2.75 and 10.76±2.42, while the meanpost-test score was 11.94±1.90 (passing rate, 64.6%) and 12.53±1.63 (passing rate, 73.3%)in groups A and B, respectively. Group B scored significantly higher in both pre-test (P=0.001)and post-test evaluations (P=0.004). The improvement in post-test score was significantlygreater (P=0.001) in group A (2.46±2.22) compared to group B (1.77±1.76). The medicalspecialties fared better in group B, while surgical specialties scored higher in group A. Thepre-test vs. post-test scores exhibited a moderate correlation in both groups (P<0.001). Thefeedback survey showed a Likert score >3.5 for most points in both groups. Conclusions: The online teaching module exhibited a significant benefit in terms of participantsensitization and knowledge sharing.
Gaurav Verma,Vikas Verma,Divya Sharma,Adesh Kumar,Himanshu Verma,Kartik Kalia 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.3
Unicode font is used in coding system that assign a unique code to every symbol of scripts irrespective of their platform, and language. The Greek Unicoder receives 16-bit hexadecimal code of alphabet. The device has been designed to convert Greek language into different languages that our people could understand. This Unicode reader code has been implemented on 28nm FPGA platform called Kintex-7 FPGA. In this paper we are using frequency scaling technique and Design goal. In this paper power analysis is our main concern and we have studied about the power analysis at different frequencies keeping the temperature constant at 25 degree Celsius and maintaining the constant air flow.
Efficient methods for integrating weight function: a comparative analysis
Gaurav Dubey,Shailendra Kumar 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.55 No.4
This paper introduces Romberg-Richardson’s method as one of the numerical integration tools for computation of stress intensity factor in a pre-cracked specimen subjected to a complex stress field across the crack faces. Also, the computation of stress intensity factor for various stress fields using existing three methods: average stress over interval method, piecewise linear stress method, piecewise quadratic method are modified by using Richardson extrapolation method. The direct integration method is used as reference for constant and linear stress distribution across the crack faces while Gauss-Chebyshev method is used as reference for nonlinear distribution of stress across the crack faces in order to obtain the stress intensity factor. It is found that modified methods (average stress over intervals-Richardson method, piecewise linear stress-Richardson method, piecewise quadratic-Richardson method) yield more accurate results after a few numbers of iterations than those obtained using these methods in their original form. Romberg-Richardson’s method is proven to be more efficient and accurate than Gauss-Chebyshev method for complex stress field.
A Review On High-Dynamic-Range Imaging With Its Technique
Gaurav Tiwari,Pushpi Rani 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.9
We presented a survey on High-dynamic-range imaging (HDRI or HDR) is a set of methods used in the imagingand photography to reproduce a superior dynamic range of luminosity than regular digital imaging or photographic methods can do. HDR images can denote a superior range of the luminance levels than can be attained using the extra 'classical' techniques. Images such as those holding many actual-world scenes, from same bright and direct sunlight to dangerous shade or very faint nebulae. It is the often succeeded in catching and then joining numerous dissimilar exposures of the similar subject matter. A Non-HDR cameras take a photograph with some limited amount of exposure range, as finally resulting in the damage of the detail in bright or dark parts. In this paper, we are studying about HDR image, generating of HDR image and also study about image fusion and methods of image fusioning.
A Review on Robust Watermarking with its Applications and Comparative Analysis
Gaurav Tiwari 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.6
Due to improvement in imaging skill and the ease with which digital content can be imitated and operated there is a strong requirement for a digital patent device to be put in place. It requires for authentication of the content as well as the owner. Digital Watermarking is present as a potential key to this problem. Till date several watermarking techniques have been proposed. This paper proposed a comprehensive survey of the current schemes that have been developed and their effectiveness.
Moment-Curvature behavior of steel and GFRP reinforced beam using AE and DIC Techniques
Gaurav Sharma,Shruti Sharma,Sandeep K. Sharma 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.84 No.2
Using non-destructive Acoustic Emission (AE) and optical Digital Image Correlation (DIC) methods, the momentcurvature behavior of steel and GFRP bars reinforced concrete beams under flexure was explored in this study. In the tension zone, laboratory studies were carried out on steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams with varying percentages of longitudinal reinforcement ratios of 0.33 %, 0.52%, and 1.11%. The distinct mechanism of cracking initiation and fracture progression of failure in steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams were effectively correlated and picked up using AE waveform characteristics of the number of AE hits and their amplitudes, AE energy as well as average frequency and duration. AE XY event plots and longitudinal strain profiles using DIC gives an online and real-time visual display of progressive AE activity and strains respectively to efficaciously depict the crack evolution and their advancement in steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams. They display a close matching with the micro and macro-cracks visually observed in the actual beams at various stages of loading.
Using multi-source data and decision tree classification in mapping vegetation diversity
Gaurav Shukla,Rahul Dev Garg,Pradeep Kumar,Hari Shanker Srivastava,Pradeep Kumar Garg 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.5
This study acknowledges the problem of land cover demarcation in diverse vegetation condition. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index is used for the preparation of base map. Further identification of mix and incorrect classes was done using ground truth. Radar data in combination with optical indices are used. In different NDVI classes, rRV with additional criteria on Normalized Difference Water Index successfully demarcated waterlogged area, polarization ratio rRV/rRH and backscattering coefficient rRH are found suitable to separate bare land from dry grass land, sparse and dense scrub could be separated by - (rRV ? rRH)/2 and NDVI is efficient to identify dense vegetation. The study area is taken as Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur, India. Statistical similarity between ground truth and classified class has been assessed using Jaccard coefficient (JC), Jaccard distance (JD), Dice coefficient (DC) and F-score. High similarity values of JC, JD, DC and F-score are achieved for all land cover types except bare land. Although, dry grassland showed low value of F-score; the reason could be low precision of class. The overall accuracy (87.17%), producer’s accuracy (86.39%), user’s accuracy (85.81%) and Kappa Coefficient (0.84) are also utilized to analyze performance of classifier.
Gaurav Sharma,Ankit Kotia,Subrata Kumar Ghosh,Prashant Singh Rana,Seema Bawa,Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.10
Recent researchers widely used nanoparticle additives for improving thermal and rheological properties of machine lubricant. In present study the effect of Al2O3 and CeO2 nanoparticles on transmission oil (SAE30), hydraulic oil (HYDREX100) and gear oil (EP90) of heavy earth moving machinery is investigated. Nano-lubricant samples are prepared in 0.01–4% nanoparticle volume fraction range. Four machine learning techniques namely decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), generalized linear models and neural network (NN) have been used to predict the kinematic viscosity for Al2O3 and CeO2 nanolubricants. Further, multi-criteria decision-making technique named technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution have been used to find the best predictive method in each category of the nanolubricants. DT, RF and NN methods are found to be most accurate in kinematic viscosity prediction of transmission oil (R 2 = 0.861), hydraulic oil (R 2 = 0.971) and gear oil (R 2 = 0.973), respectively.
( Gaurav Pande ),박종승 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
In the present study, we have prepared alkylated and perfluorinated viologens as electrochromic species, and examined the electrochromic behaviors of electrochromic gel compositions, made up of poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), as conductive electrolyte, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluorosulfona)imide, as room temperature ionic liquids. In order to lower the operation voltage, Ferrocene was added as an anodic species. We have designed and synthesized several different types of viologen derivatives containing symmetrical and unsymmetrical combinations of alkylated and perfluorinated substituents. The prepared electrochromic gel were sandwiched between two ITO coated glass slides and the electrochemical properties have been measured and compared, in terms of cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry, and optical density. Detailed, experimental results will be presented in the poster.