MASTERING THE MASK Movement and Meaning of Javanese Masked Dance Paper, demonstration and performance

가레트 캄(Garrett Kam) 국립국악원 2010 국악원논문집 Vol.22 No.-

자바의 와양토펭 또는 가면무는 본래 20세기에 중부 자바의 황실에 의해 채택되었던 민속극이다. 그 결과 단순했던 전통적 테크닉이 훨씬 더 정교하고 복잡하고 어려워졌으며, 단순히 미술적으로 조각하고 칠을 한 나무가 아니라 가면이 살아있는 듯한 생동감을 주기 위해서는 그 독창적인 동작과 리듬을 정통하는데 오랜 훈련을 요했다. 족자카르타의 황실에서 독무를 위한 가면무는 매우 인기 있으며 무용수의 기술을 평가하는 하나의 방식이다. 대부분 오락용으로 공연되지만 이 가면무에는 깊은 철학적, 신비적 의미가 담겨있다. 공연자의 시연과 함께 이 논문은 족자카르타의 가면무에 사용된 일부 동작들과 특별한 테크닉에 따른 의미를 설명하며 그 형식의 감상을 돕고자 한다. 가면을 쓴 인물의 특징을 보여주는데 있어서는 비(非)이야기체적인 흐름이거나 묘사적인 흐름이 될 수 있다. 다른 아시아 가면무와의 유사점과 차이점이 자바 가면무의 독창성을 보여주기 위해 다소 언급될 것이다. 가레트 캄은 하와이에서 탄생했지만 1975년부터 전통무용을 연구하며 거의 25년 동안 자바와 발리에서 살았다. 그는 자바인 마을인 족자카르타의 술탄 궁정의 마스터 스승에게 사사했으며, 특히 사스민타 마르다와 (KRT 사스민타디푸라) 라덴 수나르토모, 그리고 밤방 푸드자스워로가 그 스승이다. 가레트 캄은 전문 극단의 멤버였으며 자주 세련된 가면무를 공연했다. 그는 또한 하와이에서 자신만의 자바인 극단을 구성해 미국과 인도네시아, 태국, 싱가포르, 캄보디아, 오키나와, 한국에서 공연 및 워크샵, 강의-시연을 해왔다. 가레트는 현재 발리의 네카 예술 박물관의 큐레이터로 일하며 또한 발리에서 가장 중요한 힌두-불교 사원 중 한 곳에서 제례 보좌를 맡고 있는데 이런 일을 하는 유일한 발리 외지인이다. Javanese wayang topeng or masked dance is primarily a folk theatre that was adapted by the courts of Central Java during the twentieth century. As a result, the simpler folk technique became much more refined, complicated and difficult, requiring long training to master the unique movements and rhythms to make the masks appear alive and no longer just a piece of artistically carved and painted wood. In the royal court of Yogyakarta, masked dances for a solo performer are very popular and are a way of measuring a dancer s skills. Although mostly performed for entertainment, there also are deeper philosophical and mystical meanings in masked dancing. This paper with demonstration by the presenter will explain and show some of the movements and their meanings along with the special techniques used for masked dancing in the Yogyakarta style to help understand and appreciate of the form. They can be non-narrative or descriptive sequences that develop the character of the masked character. Some of the differences as well as similarities with other Asian masked dances will be touched upon to show the uniqueness of Javanese masked dances. The presentation also will look at how Javanese mysticism, based in Sufi Islam, considers the deeper meaning of masked dancing. It will conclude with a performance by the presenter of a complete masked dance in full costume. Garrett Kam was born in Hawaii but has lived in Java and Bali for almost 25 years, studying traditional dance since 1975. He trained under master teachers of the sultan s court in the royal Javanese town of Yogyakarta, especially Sasminta Mardawa (KRT Sasmintadipura), Raden Sunartomo and Bambang Pudjasworo. Garrett was a member of a professional performing troupe there and often did refined masked dance. He also had his own Javanese dance group in Hawaii and has given performances, workshops and lecture-demonstrations in the USA, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Cambodia, Okinawa and Korea. Garrett currently serves as curator of the Neka Art Museum in Bali and also is a ritual assistant at one of the island s most important Hindu-Buddhist temples, the only non-Balinese allowed to do so.

레저 연구에 있어 Q 방법론의 적용: 연구요약

( Garrett Hutson ),( Diane Montgomery ),( Whitney Ward ) 한국주관성연구학회 2009 Journal of Human Subjectivity Vol.7 No.2

EZDSP: From Production to Programming

Garrett Eckl 한국전자음악협회 2022 에밀레 Vol.20 No.-

EZDSP is an audio plug-in developed for creating custom digital audio effects from directly within a digital audio workstation. Through a combination of dynamically generated code, the SOUL language’s JIT compiler, and a custom C++ interface, this software allows users to create and modify digital signal processes on the fly. By removing common barriers to plug-in development, such as the need for an integrated development environment or an extensive background knowledge of C++, EZDSP seeks to make audio programming more accessible to artists and engineers of all backgrounds. This paper will address both the implementation and potential creative uses of this software

경제성장의 새로운 「모델」로서의 韓國

Garrett N. Scalera 세계평화교수협의회 1977 廣場 Vol.45 No.1

하나님의 길

Garrett, Duane A.,유윤종 평택대학교 2001 복음과 신학 Vol.4 No.1

하나님과 하나님의 백성의 길은 세대를 이어가며 계속된다. 그 유형들은 그리스도 안에서 궁극적으로 성취된다. 특히 십자가에서, 하나님의 정의는 최고조에 이르며 인간의 죄는 나락으로 떨어졌다. 구약에 대한 신약성서의 접근법은 특이하거나 임의적인 것이 아니다. 그것은 성서적 해석학이다. 하나님과 그 백성들의 성서의 유형들이 우리 세대에서 어떤 유형으로 나타날 것인지를 식별하는 일이 우리의 임무가 될 것이다.

Methods for sampling and analysis of marine microalgae in ship ballast tanks: a case study from Tampa Bay, Florida, USA

Garrett, Matthew J.,Wolny, Jennifer L.,Williams, B. James,Dirks, Michael D.,Brame, Julie A.,Richardson, R. William The Korean Society of Phycology 2011 ALGAE Vol.26 No.2

Ballasting and deballasting of shipping vessels in foreign ports have been reported worldwide as a vector of introduction of non-native aquatic plants and animals. Recently, attention has turned to ballast water as a factor in the global increase of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Many species of microalgae, including harmful dinoflagellate species, can remain viable for months in dormant benthic stages (cysts) in ballast sediments. Over a period of four years, we surveyed ballast water and sediment of ships docked in two ports of Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Sampling conditions encountered while sampling ballast water and sediments were vastly different between vessels. Since no single sample collection protocol could be applied, existing methods for sampling ballast were modified and new methods created to reduce time and labor necessary for the collection of high-quality, qualitative samples. Five methods were refined or developed, including one that allowed for a directed intake of water and sediments. From 63 samples, 1,633 dinoflagellate cysts and cyst-like cells were recovered. A native, cyst-forming, harmful dinoflagellate, Alexandrium balechii (Steidinger) F. J. R. Taylor, was collected, isolated, and cultured from the same vessel six months apart, indicating that ships exchanging ballast water in Tampa Bay have the potential to transport HAB species to other ports with similar ecologies, exposing them to non-native, potentially toxic blooms.

Electroskip auditory biofeedback in a patient with Parkinson disease : a case report

Garrett Szydlowski,Jamie O’Neil,Jon Mrowczynski,Lisa Inglis,Michael Ross 한국운동재활학회 2019 JER Vol.15 No.5

Cut-Through versus Cut-Out: No Easy Way to Predict How Single Lag Screw Design Cephalomedullary Nails Used for Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures Will Fail?

Garrett W. Esper,Nina D. Fisher,Utkarsh Anil,Abhishek Ganta,Sanjit R. Konda,Kenneth A. Egol 대한고관절학회 2023 Hip and Pelvis Vol.35 No.3

Purpose: This study aims to compare patients in whom fixation failure occurred via cut-out (CO) or cut-through (CT) in order to determine patient factors and radiographic parameters that may be predictive of each mechanism. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes 18 patients with intertrochanteric (IT) hip fractures (AO/OTA classification 31A1.3) who underwent treatment using a single lag screw design intramedullary nail in whom fixation failure occurred within one year. All patients were reviewed for demographics and radiographic parameters including tip-to-apex distance (TAD), posteromedial calcar continuity, neck-shaft angle, lateral wall thickness, and others. Patients were grouped into cohorts based on the mechanism of failure, either lag screw CO or CT, and a comparison was performed. Results: No differences in demographics, injury details, fracture classifications, or radiographic parameters were observed between CO/CT cohorts. Of note, a similar rate of post-reduction TAD>25 mm (P=0.936) was observed between groups. A higher rate of DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) confirmed osteoporosis (25.0% vs. 60.0%) was observed in the CT group, but without significance. Conclusion: The mechanism of CT failure during intramedullary nail fixation of an IT fracture did not show an association with clinical data including patient demographics, reduction accuracy, or radiographic parameters. As reported in previous biomechanical studies, the main predictive factor for patients in whom early failure might occur via the CT effect mechanism may be related to bone quality; however, conduct of larger studies will be required in order to determine whether there is a difference in bone quality.

Dose escalated simultaneous integrated boost of gross nodal disease in gynecologic cancers: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis and review of the literature

Garrett Lee Jensen,Megan Ann Mezera,Salman Hasan,Kendall Pye Hammonds,Gregory Peter Swanson,Moataz Nier El-Ghamry 대한방사선종양학회 2021 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.39 No.3

Purpose: Typical doses of 45-50.4 Gy used to treat regional nodes have demonstrated inadequate control of gross nodal disease (GND) in gynecologic cancer, and accelerated repopulation may limit the efficacy of a sequential boost. We reviewed outcomes of patients treated with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) at 2.25 Gy per fraction to positron emission tomography (PET) avid GND to evaluate toxicity and tumor control using this dose-escalated regimen. Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients with gynecologic cancer and PET avid inguinal, pelvic, or para-aortic lymphadenopathy were treated using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with SIB. Primary cancers were mostly cervical (51%) and endometrial (34%), and included patients who received concurrent chemotherapy (59%) and/or brachytherapy boost (78%). Results: Median follow-up from radiation completion was 12.6 months (range, 2.7 to 92.9 months). Median dose to elective lymphatics was 50.4 Gy (range, 45 to 50.4 Gy) at 1.8 Gy/fraction. Median SIB dose and volume were 63 Gy (range, 56.3 to 63 Gy) and 72.8 mL (range, 6.8 to 1,134 mL) at 2-2.25 Gy/fraction. Nodal control was 97.6% in the SIB area while 90.4% in the low dose area (p = 0.013). SIB radiotherapy (RT) field failure-free, non-SIB RT field failure-free, and out of RT field failure-free survival at 4 years were 98%, 86%, and 51%, respectively. Acute and late grade ≥3 genitourinary toxicity rates were 0%. Acute and late grade ≥3 gastrointestinal toxicity rates were 7.2% and 12.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Dose escalated SIB to PET avid adenopathy results in excellent local control with acceptable toxicity.

Determining Specificity of L2 Peer Response in Learning Management System-Based Writing

Garrett Dehond 한국영어교육학회 2020 ENGLISH TEACHING(영어교육) Vol.75 No.3

Second language (L2) peer response literature is defined in part by discourse research, yet there is scant research on text-specific comments, or comments that make explicit text references, thus resisting generic qualities. The purpose of this case study was to examine such peer response activities in an English writing course at a South Korean university. The data comprises two essay assignments with peer response conducted between two drafts – as accomplished during class time on the class learning management system (LMS) – as well as the subsequent revisions in second drafts. This paper expands on previous coding schemes accounting for area, nature and type commentary to account for a specificity dimension, and also links these categories to revision practices. While students entertained diverse commenting and revising options, popular practices included generic evaluating or revising local or surface-level concerns. This paper offers implications for modelling response activities as well as for how to better define specific and complex idea construction exhibited during response.