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In Vivo Kinematics of a Cruciate Retaining Mobile-bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty
이연수,박상진,송은규,김진수,김윤혁,Sietske Wimke Witvoet,Eric Harald Garling 한국정밀공학회 2011 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
In the total knee arthroplasty (TKA), kinematic benefits of the cruciate retaining (CR) mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty are important. The current study aimed to assess how kinematic features of the anterior-posterior glide CR mobile-bearing TKA are different from those of normal knees or CR fixed-bearing TKA. Using a 3D/2D registration method, CT-derived 3D knee models were registered to sequential 2D X-ray images taken during knee flexion. Full range of knee flexion was 127.6°(SD 5.9) for normal knees, which was always larger than 110.8° (SD 14.0) of Nexgen CR fixed-bearing TKA or 108.1° (SD 8.0) of e.Motion CR mobile-bearing TKA. The rotation path of e.Motion CR mobile-bearing TKA demonstrated a small amount of internal or external femoral rotation from full extension over 40° flexion, steep increase in external femoral rotation from 40° to 90° flexion, then turned down in external rotation from 90° to full flexion. In contrast, Nexgen CR fixedbearing TKA did not demonstrate any consistent kinematic pattern among subjects. e.Motion CR mobile-bearing TKA can be more preferable because it showed a rotational turning point at 90° flexion that was comparable to normal knees’rotational turning point at 80° flexion.
Expandable Lung Epithelium Differentiated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Kotasová Hana,Capandová Michaela,Pelková Vendula,Dumková Jana,Koledová Zuzana,Remšík Ján,Souček Karel,Garlíková Zuzana,Sedláková Veronika,Rabata Anas,Vaňhara Petr,Moráň Lukáš,Pečinka Lukáš,Porokh Volo 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2022 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.19 No.5
BACKGROUND The progenitors to lung airway epithelium that are capable of long-term propagation may represent an attractive source of cells for cell-based therapies, disease modeling, toxicity testing, and others. Principally, there are two main options for obtaining lung epithelial progenitors: (i) direct isolation of endogenous progenitors from human lungs and (ii) in vitro differentiation from some other cell type. The prime candidates for the second approach are pluripotent stem cells, which may provide autologous and/or allogeneic cell resource in clinically relevant quality and quantity. METHODS By exploiting the differentiation potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESC), here we derived expandable lung epithelium (ELEP) and established culture conditions for their long-term propagation (more than 6 months) in a monolayer culture without a need of 3D culture conditions and/or cell sorting steps, which minimizes potential variability of the outcome. RESULTS These hESC-derived ELEP express NK2 Homeobox 1 (NKX2.1), a marker of early lung epithelial lineage, display properties of cells in early stages of surfactant production and are able to differentiate to cells exhibitting molecular and morphological characteristics of both respiratory epithelium of airway and alveolar regions. CONCLUSION Expandable lung epithelium thus offer a stable, convenient, easily scalable and high-yielding cell source for applications in biomedicine.
Garl, Seong-Je,Yoon, Young-Ku,Park, Soon-Pil,Park, Yong-Ki Korean Nuclear Society 1990 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.22 No.4
A post-irradiation annealing study was conducted with use of reactor pressure vessel(RPV) steel A533B Cl.1 base metal irradiated to a dose of 4.84$\times$10$^{18}$ n/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at about 38$0^{\circ}C$. Microhardness and positron annihilation (PA) methods were used to obtain better understanding of the recovery of radiation hardening. Isochronal anneal experiments indicated that two recovery processes occur during annealing of irradiated specimens. The first recovery process occurs in the temperature range of 280-3O5$^{\circ}C$, Michrohardness and positron annihilation (PA) methods were used to obtain better understanding of the recovery of radiation hardening. Isochronal anneal experiments indicated that two recovery processes occur during annealing of irradiated specimens. The first recovery process occurrs in the temperature range of 280-305$^{\circ}C$. The variations of Ip, Iw and R parameters indicated that the formation of vacancy clusters by vacancy agglomeration and the annihilation of monovacancies are the first recovery process. The second recovery process occurs in the range of 405-49$0^{\circ}C$ and positron annihilation parameters measured indicated that the dissolution of carbon atoms decorated around vacancy-type defects and possible precipitates, and the annihilation of monovacancies give rise to the second recovery process. It was further indicated that radiation anneal hardening (RAH) in the range of 305-405$^{\circ}C$ between the temperature ranges for the two processes occurs due to the formation of carbon-decorated vacancy clusters and precipitates. The activation energies, orders of reaction and other characteristics of recovery processes were determined by the Meechan-Brinkman method. The activation energy for the first recovery process was determined as 1.76 eV and that for the second recovery process as 2.00eV. These values are lower than those obtained by other workers. This difference may be attributed to the lower copper content of the RPV steel used in the present study. The order of reaction for the first recovery process was determined as 1.78, while that for the second recovery process as 1.67 Non-integer orders of reaction for recovery processes seem to be attributed to the fact that several mechanisms for the first order and the second order of reaction are compounded in one process. This result also supports for the above conclusions from measurements of PA parameters.