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ON THE SEPARATING IDEALS OF SOME VECTOR-VALUED GROUP ALGEBRAS
Garimella, Ramesh V. Korean Mathematical Society 1999 대한수학회보 Vol.36 No.4
For a locally compact Abelian group G, and a commutative Banach algebra B, let $L^1$(G, B) be the Banach algebra of all Bochner integrable functions. We show that if G is noncompact and B is a semiprime Banach algebras in which every minimal prime ideal is cnotained in a regular maximal ideal, then $L^1$(G, B) contains no nontrivial separating idal. As a consequence we deduce some automatic continuity results for $L^1$(G, B).
( T. Garimella ),( T. Eley ),( M. Bifano ),( Y. Gandhi ),( F. Lacreta ),( R. Bertz ),( M. Abutarif ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: Renal impairment (RI) can lead to alterations in non-renal (NR)clearance of drugs by affecting drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters,even if primarily eliminated by NR pathways.Methods: The effect of RI on HCV DAAs and the impact of studydesign on dosing recommendations were evaluated. A literature reviewto assess the impact of RI on drugs primarily eliminated NRvs. those primarily renally cleared identified 75 drugs (27 primarilyeliminated by renal clearance, 38 by metabolism/ transport and 10by mixed mechanisms).Results: Seven recently developed DAAs, evaluated the effect of RIusing a full RI study design (entire range of renal function); fourused a reduced design (only subjects with severe RI or end stagerenal disease [ESRD〕).For DCV and ASV, a reduced design in ESRD subjects on hemodialysisindicated only small differences in total exposure between controlsand ESRD, while a full design for DCV in RI patients demonstrateda 51% increase in unbound AUC(INF), although neither case warranta dose adjustment. A study of DCV+ASV+ beclabuvir demonstrated99% and 2.3-fold increases in ASV AUC(TAU) in moderate and severeRI, respectively, demonstrating a need for dose adjustment in severeRI subjects unlike ESRD subjects on hemodialysis.Literature review indicated that for majority (22/27) of drugs withsignificant component of renal elimination, Sponsors used a full RIstudy design. Dosage adjustment in RI subjects was frequentlyrecommended. Full studies were conducted in 68% of drugs eliminatedNR. In almost all cases with full RI studies, RI resulted in alteredPK; dose adjustments were recommended in 13/38 (34%) cases.Conclusions: Literature review and in-house BMS results indicate thatsubjects with RI can have significantly higher exposures of drugs withelimination primarily via metabolism or via transporter-mediated pathways;Sponsors should carefully consider subgroups included in areduced study design.
Effectiveness of Mavrilimumab in Viral Infections Including SARS-CoV-2 Infection - A Brief Review
Bhatt Kinal,Garimella Radhika,Taugir Rahima,Mehta Isha,Jamal Muhammad,Vijayan Rupalakshmi,Offor Rita,Nwankwo Kanayo,Arif Uroosa,Waheed Khurram,Kumari Priyanka,Lathiya Maulik,Michel George,Pandya Naush 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.1
Hyperinflammation and cytokine storm has been noted as a poor prognostic factor in patients with severe pneumonia related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In COVID-19, pathogenic myeloid cell overactivation is found to be a vital mediator of damage to tissues, hypercoagulability, and the cytokine storm. These cytokines unselectively infiltrate various tissues, such as the lungs and heart, and nervous system. This cytokine storm can hence cause multi-organ dysfunction and life-threatening complications. Mavrilimumab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that may be helpful in some cases with COVID-19. During an inflammation, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) release is crucial to driving both innate and adaptive immune responses. The GM-CSF immune response is triggered when an antigen attaches to the host cell and induces the signaling pathway. Mavrilimumab antagonizes the action of GM-CSF and decreases the hyperinflammation associated with pneumonia in COVID-19, therefore strengthening the rationale that mavrilimumab when added to the standard protocol of treatment could improve the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, specifically those patients with pneumonia. With this review paper, we aim to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of mavrilimumab on cytokine storms in patients with COVID-19 by reviewing published clinical trials and emphasize the importance of extensive future trials.
A REVIEW OF EJECTOR TECHNOLOGY FOR REFRIGERATION APPLICATIONS
ADRIENNE B. LITTLE,SRINIVAS GARIMELLA 대한설비공학회 2011 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.19 No.1
This paper provides a comprehensive review of ejector technology for refrigeration applications, combining an understanding of basic fluid flow fundamentals within the ejector with application in cycle-level development. An ejector is a passive device that requires no external mechanical input or moving parts. A high-velocity motive stream produces a low-pressure region into which a suction flow is entrained, resulting in a pressure rise of the suction flow and mixing between the two streams to provide a pumping effect. The first part of this review addresses the progression from experiment-based analytical models to computational modeling of the ejector itself from the early 1950s to 2009. Included is an assessment of the most recent work in CFD modeling, and an exploration into what is needed to develop these models further. Suggestions for future research include better modeling of shock phenomena and the effects of two-phase flow in ejectors. The second part of this review focuses on ejector applications in refrigeration cycles with special emphasis on the vapor-jet refrigeration cycle. Important connections are made between ejector component and system level studies, an understanding of which would enable improvement of system level performance to the extent where they could be used in some niche applications instead of conventional refrigeration systems.
Hydrodynamic and Heat Transfer Studies in Riser System for Waste Heat Recovery using Chalcopyrite
( Ashok Kumar Popuri ),( Prabhakar Garimella ) 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.56 No.2
Energy, a critical input, is to be efficiently managed via waste heat recovery and energy reuse for the economic viability of a process industry. In particular, cement manufacture demands a huge quantum of energy, for the necessary reactions. Huge amounts of hot effluent gases are generated. Energy recovery from these waste gases is an area that is of contemporary research interest. Now, about 75% of total heat recovery takes place in the riser of the suspension pre-heater system. This article deals with the hydrodynamic and heat transfer aspects of riser typically used in the cement industry. An experimental apparatus was designed and fabricated with provision for the measurement of gas pressure and solid temperatures at different heights of the riser. The system studied was air - chalcopyrite taken in different particle sizes. Acceleration length (L<sub>A</sub>) determined at different parametric levels was fitted to an empirical correlation: L<sub>A</sub>/d<sub>t</sub> = 4.91902(d<sub>p</sub>/d<sub>t</sub>)<sup>0.10058</sup>(w<sub>s</sub>/w<sub>g</sub>)<sup>-0.11691</sup>(u<sub>g</sub>μ<sub>g</sub>/d<sub>t</sub><sup>2</sup>gρ<sub>g</sub>)<sup>0.28574</sup>(ρ<sub>p</sub>/ρ<sub>g</sub>)<sup>0.42484</sup>. An empirical model was developed for Nusselt number as a function of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers using regression analysis: Nu = 0.40969 (Re<sub>p</sub>)<sup>0.99953</sup>(Pr)<sup>0.03569</sup>.