Dietary encapsulated Bifidobacterium animalis and Agave fructans improve growth performance, health parameters, and immune response in broiler chickens

Hernández-Granados María José,Ortiz-Basurto Rosa Isela,Jiménez-Fernández Maribel,García-Munguía Carlos Alberto,Franco-Robles Elena 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.4

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis, Agave fructans, and symbiotic of both encapsulated on growth performance, feed efficiency, blood parameters, and immune status in broiler chickens, and to compare these with diets including antibiotic growth promoters and without additives.Methods: A comparative experimental study was carried out with 135 male Ross 308 broiler chickens. Each trial was divided into 5 equal groups. Control group (CON) received a standard diet without growth promoter; GPA, a standard diet with colistin sulfate and zinc bacitracin (0.25 g/kg of feed); PRE, a standard diet with 1% Agave fructans; PRO, a standard diet with Bifidobacterium animalis (11.14±0.70 log CFU/g); SYM, a standard diet with B. animalis and Agave fructans.Results: A significant decrease in food consumption was found for the GPA, PRE, and SYM, compared to the CON group. The results show a better feed conversion index in PRE and GPA with respect to the CON group with the highest conversion index. Interestingly, the weight of the gastrointestinal tract shows a statistically significant difference between GPA and PRE groups. Moreover, the length of the gastrointestinal tract of the GPA group was less than the PRE group. In the total leukocyte count, there was a statistically significant increase in the GPA group compared to the CON, PRE, and PRO groups, and the heterophiles-lymphocytes index was lower in PRO. Regarding the cytokines, interleukin 10 (IL-10) decreased in PRO compared to CON and PRE, while IL-1β increased in the SYM group.Conclusion: Alternative treatments were shown to achieve similar productive results as growth-promoting antibiotics and showed improvement over diet without additives; however, they have immunomodulatory properties and improved the development of the gastrointestinal tract compared to the treatment of growth-promoting antibiotics. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis, Agave fructans, and symbiotic of both encapsulated on growth performance, feed efficiency, blood parameters, and immune status in broiler chickens, and to compare these with diets including antibiotic growth promoters and without additives. Methods: A comparative experimental study was carried out with 135 male Ross 308 broiler chickens. Each trial was divided into 5 equal groups. Control group (CON) received a standard diet without growth promoter; GPA, a standard diet with colistin sulfate and zinc bacitracin (0.25 g/kg of feed); PRE, a standard diet with 1% Agave fructans; PRO, a standard diet with Bifidobacterium animalis (11.14±0.70 log CFU/g); SYM, a standard diet with B. animalis and Agave fructans. Results: A significant decrease in food consumption was found for the GPA, PRE, and SYM, compared to the CON group. The results show a better feed conversion index in PRE and GPA with respect to the CON group with the highest conversion index. Interestingly, the weight of the gastrointestinal tract shows a statistically significant difference between GPA and PRE groups. Moreover, the length of the gastrointestinal tract of the GPA group was less than the PRE group. In the total leukocyte count, there was a statistically significant increase in the GPA group compared to the CON, PRE, and PRO groups, and the heterophiles-lymphocytes index was lower in PRO. Regarding the cytokines, interleukin 10 (IL-10) decreased in PRO compared to CON and PRE, while IL-1β increased in the SYM group. Conclusion: Alternative treatments were shown to achieve similar productive results as growth-promoting antibiotics and showed improvement over diet without additives; however, they have immunomodulatory properties and improved the development of the gastrointestinal tract compared to the treatment of growth-promoting antibiotics.

Synthesis by a solid state reaction of the Sr4Al6O12SO4 compound

J.A. Rodríguez-García,E. Rocha-Rangel,J. Torres-Torres,J. M. Almanza-Robles 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.3

The synthesis and formation of Sr4Al6O12SO4 in the system SrCO3-Al2O3-SrSO4 has been studied in the range of temperatures from 800 oC to 1400 oC using X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric, differential thermal and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Pellets of a mixture of 3 : 3 : 1 molar ratio of reactive grade Al2O3, SrCO3 and SrSO4 respectively were prepared, by solid state sintering, the reactive powders were thoroughly mixed under high energy ball-milling, uniaxially pressed into cylindrical samples and pressureless-sintered. Additionally the densities of some samples that were heat treated for 10 h at 1200, 1300 and 1400 oC were determined by the Archimedes method. The powder mixture was analyzed by TGA and DTA from room temperature to 1200 oC. XRD patterns indicated the formation of Sr3Al2O6 and SrAl2O4 as intermediate phases that nearly at the end of the process reacted with SrSO4 to form Sr4Al6O12SO4. The formation of Sr4Al6O12SO4 was complete at 1150 oC as XRD and DTA analysis indicated. An increase in the heat treatment time promotes the formation of Sr4Al6O12SO4at lower temperatures. The Sr4Al6O12SO4 powders were composed of spherical particles of small agglomerates. Results of density measurement indicated that only 80% of the theoretical density was reached for a treatment at 1400 oC of 10 h, which indicated the difficulty to obtain a dense material.

Physical Properties of the Sr4Al6O12SO4 Ceramic Compound

J.A. Rodríguez-García,E. Rocha-Rangel,J. López Hernández,C.A. Hernández Bocanegra,A.L. Leal Cruz,J.M. Almanza Robles,J. Torres Torres 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.11

The Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was synthesized by a solid state reaction starting from stoichiometric mixtures of 3 : 3 : 1 molar ratio of reactive grade of SrCO3, Al2O3 and SrSO4, respectively. Cylindrical samples were confirmed by uniaxial pressing at 100 MPa and were heat treated at 1400 oC during 4 hrs. Subsequently, the samples were ground and re-conformed in cylindrical shape samples by uniaxial pressing at 300 MPa. The new samples were heat treated at 1400 oC during 24 hrs. This process was done in order to increase density of the samples. The Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was characterized by the study of its physical properties such as: density, micro-hardness, thermal expansion and stability, enthalpy of formation, magnetic properties and electrical conductivity. Experimental results show that the maximum density obtained for the Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound was 2.913 grcm−3, with thermal expansion coefficient of 10.12E−06(oC−1); it also presents an enthalpy of 2.3 KJmol-1 and an excellent thermal stability at elevated temperatures in different atmospheres. In addition, the Sr4Al6O12SO4 ceramic compound is neither electrically conductive nor magnetic.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Some Mexican Medicinal Plants

E. Ruiz-Bustos,C. Velazquez,A. Garibay-Escobar,Z. García,M. Plascencia-Jatomea,M.O. Cortez-Rocha,J. Hernandez-Martínez,R.E. Robles-Zepeda 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.6

In Mexico about 4,000 plant species have some medicinal use. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six Mexican medicinal plants against fungi and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methanolic extracts were prepared from the Mexican medicinal plants Amphypteringium adstrigens, Castella tortuosa, Coutarea latiflora, Ibervillea sonorae, Jatropha cuneata, and Selaginella lepidophylla. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the plants were determined by the broth microdilution method and the radial growth inhibition assay, respectively. All Mexican plants tested showed antimicrobial activity. Among the six plant extracts analyzed, J. cuneata showed the highest growth-inhibitory activity against fungi, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (J. cuneata > A. adstrigens > C. latiflora > C. tortuosa > I. sonorae ≈ S. lepidophylla). Shigella flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus were the most susceptible bacteria to plant extracts. Complete inhibition of S. flexneri growth was observed with J. cuneata methanolic extract at 90μg/mL. This plant extract also showed the strongest antifungal activity against Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus niger. Our data suggest that the medicinal plants tested have important antimicrobial properties. This is the first report describing the antimicrobial activities of several of the Mexican medicinal plants used in this study.

Dielectric properties of strontium titanate synthesized by means of solid state reactions activated mechanically

Enrique Rocha-Rangel,Juan López-Hernández,José A. Rodríguez-García,Eddie N. Armendáriz-Mireles,Carlos A. Calles-Arriaga,W. J. Pech-Rodríguez,José A. Castillo-Robles 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.8

In this work, strontium titanate samples were prepared starting from SrCO3 and TiO2 powders mixture. Raw materials wereactivated mechanically in a planetary mill and then calcined at different temperatures (900 to 1300 oC). Powders after grindingwere analyzed by differential thermal analysis in order to follow the carbonate decomposition. On the other hand, samplesresulting from heat treatment were characterized by XRD, SEM and electrical measurements. XRD analysis determines thatSrTiO3 synthetized presents the cubic structure of perovskite. Complete reaction for SrTiO3 compound formation occurs at1200 oC. SEM observations indicate the presence of a microstructure with very small gran size and consequently a largenumber of grain boundaries. Electrical measurements suggest the formation of a material with high insulating capacity. Withthis evidence, it can be concluded that solid state reactions activated mechanically, proved to be an effective way to fabricatestrontium titanate compound with very fine microstructure and high insulating behavior.

Wheat Bran Globulins: Competitive Inhibitors of Mushroom Tyrosinase

Angel Martín Ortíz-Estrada,Jorge Nemesio Mercado-Ruiz,Alma Rosa Islas-Rubio,Ana María Mendoza-Wilson,René Renato Balandrán-Quintana,Jesús Manuel García-Robles 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.3

The inhibitory capacity of the globulin fraction of wheat bran against the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase, using L-tyrosine as substrate, was evaluated. Enzyme kinetics was monitored in the presence of globulin solutions by measuring the absorbance at 475nm. Lineweaver-Burk plots were drawn in order to determine Vmax, Km, and type of inhibition. Results showed that globulins from wheat bran competitively inhibited, the activity of mushroom tyrosinase with a KI of 0.79%(w/v). The degree of inhibition was 24% at 2 mM of the substrate L-tyrosine.

The NER-related gene GTF2H5 predicts survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients

Javier Gayarre,Marta M. Kamieniak,Alicia Cazorla-Jiménez,Ivan Muñoz-Repeto,Salud Borrego,Jesús García-Donas,Susana Hernando,Luis Robles-Díaz,José M. García-Bueno,Ivan Márquez-Rodas,María José Echarri 대한부인종양학회 2016 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.27 No.1

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of the nucleotide excision repair-related gene GTF2H5, which is localized at the 6q24.2-26 deletion previously reported by our group to predict longer survival of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. Methods: In order to test if protein levels of GTF2H5 are associated with patients' outcome, we performed GTF2H5 immunohistochemical staining in 139 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas included in tissue microarrays. Upon stratification of cases into high- and low- GTF2H5 staining categories (> and ≤ median staining, respectively) Kaplan-Meier and logrank test were used to estimate patients’ survival and assess statistical differences. We also evaluated the association of GTF2H5 with survival at the transcriptional level by using the on-line Kaplan-Meier plotter tool, which includes gene expression and survival data of 855 high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients from 13 different datasets. Finally, we determined whether stable short hairpin RNA-mediated GTF2H5 downregulation modulates cisplatin sensitivity in the SKOV3 and COV504 cell lines by using cytotoxicity assays. Results: Low expression of GTF2H5 was associated with longer 5-year survival of patients at the protein (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.93; p=0.024) and transcriptional level (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.97; p=0.023) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. We confirmed the association with 5-year overall survival (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.78; p=0.0007) and also found an association with progression-free survival (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.96; p=0.026) in a homogenous group of 388 high-stage (stages III-IV using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system), optimally debulked high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. GTF2H5- silencing induced a decrease of the half maximal inhibitory concentration upon cisplatin treatment in GTF2H5-silenced ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion: Low levels of GTF2H5 are associated with enhanced prognosis in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients and may contribute to cisplatin sensitization.