Measuring and Modeling the Spectral Attenuation of Light in the Yellow Sea

Gallegos, Sonia-C.,Sandidge, Juanita,Chen, Xiaogang,Hahn, Sangbok-D.,Ahn, Yu-Hwan,Iturriaga, Rodolfo,Jeong, Hee-Dong,Suh, Young-Sang,Cho, Sung-Hwam The Korean Society of Oceanography 2004 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.39 No.1

Spectral attenuation of light and upwelling radiance were measured in the western coast of Korea on board the R/V Inchon 888 of the Korean National Fisheries Research and Development Institute(NFRDI) during four seasons. The goal of these efforts was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of the inherent and apparent optical properties of the water, and the factors that control their distribution. Our data indicate that while stratification of the water column, phytoplankton, and wind stress determined the vertical distribution of the optical parameters offshore, it was the tidal current and sediment type that controlled both the vertical and horizontal distribution in the coastal areas. These findings led to the development of a model that estimates the spectral attenuation of light with respect to depth and time for the Yellow Sea. The model integrates water leaving radiance from satellites, sediment types, current vectors, sigma-t, bathymetry, and in situ optical measurements in a learning algorithm capable of extracting optical properties with only knowledge of the environmental conditions of the Yellow Sea. The performance of the model decreases with increase in depth. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the model is 2% for the upper five meters, 8-10% between 6 and 50 meters, and 15% below 51 meters.

Gene Expression of CYP1A1 and its Possible Clinical Application in Thyroid Cancer Cases

Gallegos-Vargas, JA,Sanchez-Roldan, J,Ronquillo-Sanchez, MD,Carmona-Aparicio, L,Floriano-Sanchez, E,Cardenas-Rodriguez, N Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and exact causes remain unknown. The role of CYP450 1A1 (CYP1A1) in cancer initiation and progression has been investigated. The aim of this work was to analyze, for the first time, CYP1A1 gene expression and its relationship with several clinicopathological factors in Mexican patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: Real-time PCR analysis was conducted on 32 sets of thyroid tumors and benign pathologies. Expression levels were tested for correlations with clinical and pathological data. All statistical analysis were performed using GraphPad Prism version 3.0 software. Results: We found that female gender was associated with thyroid cancer risk (P<0.05). A positive relationship was identified between CYP1A1 mRNA levels and the presence of chronic disease, alcohol use, tumor size, metastasis and an advanced clinical stage (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that CYP1A1 gene expression could be used as a marker for thyroid cancer.

Health monitoring of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to earthquake-type dynamic loading via measurement and analysis of acoustic emission signals

Gallego, Antolino,Benavent-Climent, Amadeo,Infantes, Cristobal Techno-Press 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.8 No.4

This paper discusses the applicability of Acoustic Emission (AE) to assess the damage in reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to complex dynamic loadings such as those induced by earthquakes. The AE signals recorded during this type of event can be complicated due to the arbitrary and random nature of seismicity and the fact that the signals are highly contaminated by many spurious sources of noise. This paper demonstrates that by properly filtering the AE signals, a very good correlation can be found between AE and damage on the RC structure. The basic experimental data used for this research are the results of fourteen seismic simulations conducted with a shake table on an RC slab supported on four steel columns. The AE signals were recorded by several low-frequency piezoelectric sensors located on the bottom surface of the slab. The evolution of damage under increasing values of peak acceleration applied to the shake table was monitored in terms of AE and dissipated plastic strain energy. A strong correlation was found between the energy dissipated by the concrete through plastic deformations and the AE energy calculated after properly filtering the signals. For this reason, a procedure is proposed to analyze the AE measured in a RC structure during a seismic event so that it can be used for damage assessment.

Drivers of future seasonal cycle changes in oceanic <i>p</i>CO₂

Gallego, M. Angeles,Timmermann, Axel,Friedrich, Tobias,Zeebe, Richard E. Copernicus GmbH 2018 Biogeosciences Vol.15 No.17

<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Recent observation-based results show that the seasonal amplitude of surface ocean partial pressure of <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> (<span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span>) has been increasing on average at a rate of 2-3<span class='thinspace'></span><span class='inline-formula'>µ</span>atm per decade <span class='cit' id='xref_paren.1'>(<a href='#bib1.bibx16'>Landschützer et al.</a>, <a href='#bib1.bibx16'>2018</a>)</span>. Future increases in <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> seasonality are expected, as marine <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> concentration ([<span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span>]) will increase in response to increasing anthropogenic carbon emissions <span class='cit' id='xref_paren.2'>(<a href='#bib1.bibx19'>McNeil and Sasse</a>, <a href='#bib1.bibx19'>2016</a>)</span>. Here we use seven different global coupled atmosphere-ocean-carbon cycle-ecosystem model simulations conducted as part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to study future projections of the <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> annual cycle amplitude and to elucidate the causes of its amplification. We find that for the RCP8.5 emission scenario the seasonal amplitude (climatological maximum minus minimum) of upper ocean <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> will increase by a factor of 1.5 to 3 over the next 60-80 years. To understand the drivers and mechanisms that control the <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> seasonal amplification we develop a complete analytical Taylor expansion of <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> seasonality in terms of its four drivers: dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), temperature (<span class='inline-formula'><i>T</i></span>), and salinity (<span class='inline-formula'><i>S</i></span>). Using this linear approximation we show that the DIC and <span class='inline-formula'><i>T</i></span> terms are the dominant contributors to the total change in <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span> seasonality. To first order, their future intensification can be traced back to a doubling of the annual mean <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span>, which enhances DIC and alters the ocean carbonate chemistry. Regional differences in the projected seasonal cycle amplitude are generated by spatially varying sensitivity terms. The subtropical and equatorial regions (40<span class='inline-formula'>^∘</span><span class='thinspace'></span>S-40<span class='inline-formula'>^∘</span><span class='thinspace'></span>N) will experience a <span class='inline-formula'>≈30</span>-80<span class='thinspace'></span><span class='inline-formula'>µ</span>atm increase in seasonal cycle amplitude almost exclusively due to a larger background <span class='inline-formula'>CO₂</span> concentration that amplifies the <span class='inline-formula'><i>T</i></span> seasonal effect on solubility. This mechanism is further reinforced by an overall increase in the seasonal cycle of <span class='inline-formula'><i>T</i></span> as a result of stronger ocean stratification and a projected shoaling of mean mixed layer depths. The Southern Ocean will experience a seasonal cycle amplification of <span class='inline-formula'>≈90</span>-120<span class='thinspace'></span><span class='inline-formula'>µ</span>atm in response to the mean <span class='inline-formula'><i>p</i>CO₂</span>-driven change in the mean DIC contribution and to a lesser extent to the <span class='inline-formula'><i>T</i></span> contribution. However, a decrease in the DIC seasonal cycle amplitude somewhat counteracts this regional amplification mechanism.</p> </P>

Health monitoring of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to earthquake-type dynamic loading via measurement and analysis of acoustic emission signals

Antolino Gallego,Amadeo Benavent-Climent,Cristóbal Infantes 국제구조공학회 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.8 No.4

This paper discusses the applicability of Acoustic Emission (AE) to assess the damage in reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to complex dynamic loadings such as those induced by earthquakes. The AE signals recorded during this type of event can be complicated due to the arbitrary and random nature of seismicity and the fact that the signals are highly contaminated by many spurious sources of noise. This paper demonstrates that by properly filtering the AE signals, a very good correlation can be found between AE and damage on the RC structure. The basic experimental data used for this research are the results of fourteen seismic simulations conducted with a shake table on an RC slab supported on four steel columns. The AE signals were recorded by several low-frequency piezoelectric sensors located on the bottom surface of the slab. The evolution of damage under increasing values of peak acceleration applied to the shake table was monitored in terms of AE and dissipated plastic strain energy. A strong correlation was found between the energy dissipated by the concrete through plastic deformations and the AE energy calculated after properly filtering the signals. For this reason, a procedure is proposed to analyze the AE measured in a RC structure during a seismic event so that it can be used for damage assessment.

The JCMT Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey. VI. The distribution of gas and star formation in M 81

Sanchez-Gallego, J.R.,Knapen, J.H.,Heiner, J.S.,Wilson, C.D.,Warren, B.E.,Allen, R.J.,Azimlu, M.,Barmby, P.,Bendo, G.J.,Comeron, S. EDP Sciences 2011 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.527 No.1

An Empirical Case of a Context-aware Mobile Recommender System in a Banking Environment

Daniel Gallego,Gabriel Huecas 한국정보기술융합학회 2012 JoC Vol.3 No.4

The role of vehicular applications in the design of future 6G infrastructures

Jorge Gallego-Madrid,Ramon Sanchez-Iborra,Jordi Ortiz,Jose Santa 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.4

A great lack of 5G design is the traditional bottom-up development of network evolution, which has not effectively considered the requirements of applications and, particularly, vehicle to everything (V2X) applications. This paper provides a service-centric approach towards 6G V2X, with a concise overview of the upcoming hyper-connected vehicular ecosystem and its integration in the whole 6G fabric, analyzing its particular infrastructure needs, as a way to reach key performance indicators (KPIs). We also present a 6G-oriented platform design able to manage the life-cycle of V2X applications across different domains by means of intelligent orchestration decisions.

Augmented Reality K-Pop Idol Dance Project

Patrick Del Gallego,Jia Lim 글로벌지식융합학회 2021 글로벌지식융합학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2021 No.2

Measuring and Modeling the Spectral Attenuation of Light in the Yellow Sea

Sonia C.Gallegos,안유환,Juanita Sandidge,Xiaogang Chen,Sangbok, D. Hahn,Rodolfo Iturriaga,Hee Dong Jeong,Young Sang Suh,Sunghwam Cho 한국해양과학기술원 2004 Ocean science journal Vol.39 No.1

Spectral attenuation of light and upwelling radiance were measured in the western coast of Korea on board the R/V Inchon 888 of the Korean National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) during four seasons. The goal of these efforts was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of the inherent and apparent optical properties of the water, and the factors that control their distribution. Our data indicate that while stratification of the water column, phytoplankton, and wind stress determined the vertical distribution of the optical parameters offshore, it was the tidal current and sediment type that controlled both the vertical and horizontal distribution in the coastal areas. These findings led to the development of a model that estimates the spectral attenuation of light with respect to depth and time for the Yellow Sea. The model integrates water leaving radiance from satellites, sediment types, current vectors, sigma-t, bathymetry, and in situ optical measurements in a learning algorithm capable of extracting optical properties with only knowledge of the environmental conditions of the Yellow Sea. The performance of the model decreases with increase in depth. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the model is 2% for the upper five meters, 8-10% between 6 and 50 meters, and 15% below 51 meters.