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- 저자 : Furrer (검색결과 6 건)
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A FRAMEWORK TO UNDERSTAND THE ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES OF KRIGING AND SPLINES
Furrer Eva M.,Nychka Douglas W. The Korean Statistical Society 2007 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.36 No.1
Kriging is a nonparametric regression method used in geostatistics for estimating curves and surfaces for spatial data. It may come as a surprise that the Kriging estimator, normally derived as the best linear unbiased estimator, is also the solution of a particular variational problem. Thus, Kriging estimators can also be interpreted as generalized smoothing splines where the roughness penalty is determined by the covariance function of a spatial process. We build off the early work by Silverman (1982, 1984) and the analysis by Cox (1983, 1984), Messer (1991), Messer and Goldstein (1993) and others and develop an equivalent kernel interpretation of geostatistical estimators. Given this connection we show how a given covariance function influences the bias and variance of the Kriging estimate as well as the mean squared prediction error. Some specific asymptotic results are given in one dimension for Matern covariances that have as their limit cubic smoothing splines.
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Delivery of floxuridine derivatives to cancer cells by water-soluble organometallic cages.
Yi, Jeong Wu,Barry, Nicolas P E,Furrer, Mona A,Zava, Olivier,Dyson, Paul J,Therrien, Bruno,Kim, Byeang Hyean American Chemical Society 2012 Bioconjugate chemistry Vol.23 No.3
<P>The self-assembly of 2,4,6-tris(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (tpt) triangular panels with p-cymene (pPr(i)C(6)H(4)Me) ruthenium building blocks and 2,5-dioxydo-1,4-benzoquinonato (dobq) or 5,8-dioxydo-1,4-naphthoquinonato (donq) bridges, in the presence of a pyrenyl-nucleoside derivatives (pyreneR), affords the triangular prismatic host-guest compounds [(pyrene-R)Ru(6)(pPr(i)C(6)H(4)Me)(6)(tpt)(2)(dobq)(3)](6+) ([(pyrene-R)1](6+)) and [(pyrene-R)Ru(6)(pPr(i)C(6)H(4)Me)(6)(tpt)(2)(donq)(3)](6+) ([(pyrene-R)2](6+)), respectively. The inclusion of six monosubstitutedpyrenyl-nucleosides (pyrene-R1 = 5'-(1-pyrenyl butanoate)-2'-deoxyuridine, pyrene-R2 = 5-fluoro-5'-(1-pyrenyl butanoate)-2'-deoxyuridine, pyrene-R3 = 5'-{N-[1-oxo-4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-glycyl}-2'-deoxyuridine, pyrene-R4 = 5-fluoro-5'-{N-[1-oxo-4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-glycyl}-2'-deoxyuridine, pyrene-R5 = 5-fluoro-5'-{N-[1-oxo-4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-phenylalanyl}-2'-deoxyvuridine, pyrene-R6 = 5-fluoro-5'-{N-[1-oxo-4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-phenylalanyl}-2'-deoxyuridine) has been accomplished. The carceplex nature of [(pyrene-R)1](6+) with the pyrenyl moiety firmly encapsulated in the hydrophobic cavity of the cage with the nucleoside groups pointing outward was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), while the host-guest nature of [(pyrene-R)2](6+) was studied in solution by NMR techniques. In contrast to the floxuridine compounds used in the clinic, the host-guest complexes are highly water-soluble. Consequently, the cytotoxicities of these water-soluble compounds have been established using human ovarian A2780 and A2780cisR cancer cells. All the host-guest systems are more cytotoxic than the empty cages alone [1][CF(3)SO(3)](6) (IC(50) = 23 μM) and [2][CF(3)SO(3)](6) (IC(50) = 10 μM), the most active compound [pyrene-R41][CF(3)SO(3)](6)being 2 orders of magnitude more cytotoxic (IC(50) = 0.3 μM) on these human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and A2780cisR).</P>
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Urethral strictures after radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Felix Moltzahn,Alan Dal Pra,Marc Furrer,George Thalmann,Martin Spahn 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.5
Urethral stricture after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer is a delicate problem as the decreased availability of tissue healing and the close relation to the sphincter complicates any surgical approach. We here review the pathophysiology, dosimetry, and the disease specific aspects of urethral strictures after radiotherapy. Moreover we discuss different treatment option such as direct vision internal urethrotomy as well as techniques for open reconstruction with and without tissue transfer.
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The Effects from Mindfulness Training on Norwegian Junior elite Athletes in Sport
( Frode Moen ),( Frank Abrahamsen ),( Phillip Furrer ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.27 No.2
This study investigates the effects from a 12-weeks mindfulness intervention on perceived stress, perceived performance in school and sports, and athlete burnout among junior elite athletes in sports. In the present investigation 50 Norwegian junior athletes from two different schools for elite sports participated in an experiment with a pre-test, post-test control group design. Twenty three of them were in the experiment group whereas 27 were in the control group. The athletes were from different sports such as cross country skiing, biathlon, shooting and track and field. As hypothesized, we found significant effects from the mindfulness intervention on athlete burnout. There were no significant effects found on perceived stress, perceived performance in school and sports. These findings are discussed in regard of applied implications and possible future research.
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Effect of local steroids on urethral strictures: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Christopher Soliman,Henry Y.C. Pan,Clancy J. Mulholland,Marc A. Furrer,Dinesh K. Agarwal,Nathan Lawrentschuk,Niranjan J. Sathianathen 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.3
Purpose: Urethral stricture disease is common and has high associated morbidity and impact on quality-of-life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise current evidence on the efficacy of local urethral steroids post-direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) for the treatment of urethral strictures in males. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using reputable databases and registries, up to 22 February 2022. Only randomised control trials in which participants were randomised to DVIU plus local urethral steroids versus DVIU only were included. Statistical analyses were performed using a random-effects model. Quality of evidence was rated according to the GRADE approach. Results: The search identified seven studies in which 365 participants were randomised to DVIU plus local urethral steroids versus DVIU only. The application of local steroids appeared to reduce recurrence rates (risk ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49–0.90) and time-to-recurrence (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.85). Qmax also improved following steroid application (mean difference, 0.82; 95% CI, -1.02–2.66); however, this was not statistically significant. No heterogeneity was identified between included studies for all outcomes. The certainty of evidence was downgraded due to study limitations with a small sample size and unclear risk-of-bias related to insufficient trial information. Conclusions: Compared to DVIU alone, adjuvant steroids applied to the urethra may reduce risk of recurrence and time-to-recurrence. These findings were statistically significant and likely also clinically significant given low associated costs and risk. However, more robust randomised trials are necessary to enhance the validity of these outcomes.
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