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The rheology of two-dimensional systems
Fuller, G.,Yim, K.S.,Brooks, C.,Olson, D.,Frank, C. The Korean Society of Rheology 1999 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.11 No.4
This paper discusses the rheology of complex interfaces comprised of amphiphilic materials that are susceptible to flow-induced orientation and deformation. The consequence of the coupling of the film micro-structure to flow leads to nonlinear rheology and surface fluid dynamics. Experimental methods designed to determine the mechanical rheological material functions of fluid-fluid interfaces as well as local, molecular and morphological responses are presented. These include a newly developed interfacial stress rheometer, flow ultraviolet dichroism, and Brewster-angle microscopy. These techniques are applied to a number of complex interfaces ranging from low molecular weight amphiphiles to polymer monolayers. Nonlinear flow phenomena ranging from two-dimensional nematic responses to highly elastic surface flows that manifest surface normal stress differences and elongational viscosities are described.
Tension and Resolution in Habakkuk: Linguistic Steps from Confusion to Healing
Fuller David James McKenzie 한국신학정보연구원 2023 Canon&Culture Vol.17 No.2
The enigmatic book of Habakkuk continues to challenge readers with its many puzzling aspects. One of the most notable is the closing theophany of chapter 3, which many have argued was not an original part of the book. Interpreters are also faced with the challenge of discovering the purpose of the diverse literary forms and genres gathered together within the book. This study will present a new reading of Habakkuk as a series of steps from disorientation towards healing by using discourse analysis within the framework of functional grammar. It will argue that the configurations of different linguistic variables manifest different kinds of clashes and disharmony before finally aligning in ch. 3. Linguistic interpretation, then, will be shown to contribute reading strategy that offers large-scale structural insights above and beyond what is possible with traditional exegetical and critical methods. While this linguistic level of meaning itself is not exhaustive and operates in concert with the surface significance of the individual clauses and the various intertextual resonances throughout, it nonetheless creates an important effect of tension and resolution that complements the book’s message of the healing effect of reflection on YHWH’s sovereignty amid the traumatic destabilization of society.
Recent Developments in Active Control of Vibration
Fuller,Chris R. 대한기계학회 1993 Korea - U. S. Vibration Engineering Seminar Vol.1 No.1
This paper is a brief introduction and overview of new work concerned with the reduction of sound and vibration with $quot;intelligent$quot; structures. The paper begins with a definition of an intelligent structure and then discusses work in the component areas of actuators, sensors and control approaches. The synthesis of these areas is then illustrated through two example applications; reduction of vibration of plates and the development of a hybrid control approach based upon biological systems.
Bazer, Fuller W.,Song, Gwonhwa,Kim, Jinyoung,Erikson, David W.,Johnson, Greg A.,Burghardt, Robert C.,Gao, Haijun,Carey Satterfield, M.,Spencer, Thomas E.,Wu, Guoyao Elsevier 2012 Molecular and cellular endocrinology Vol.354 No.1
<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Uterine epithelia secrete proteins and transport nutrients for conceptus development. ► Arginine and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) activate MTOR cell signaling. ► Arginine metabolism to nitric oxide and polyamines stimulates conceptus growth. ► SPP1 induces focal adhesions between trophectoderm and uterine epithelia. ► Arginine and SPP1 stimulate conceptus development, implantation and pregnancy.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Morphological differentiation of uterine glands in mammals is a postnatal event vulnerable to adverse effects of endocrine disruptors. Exposure of ewe lambs to a progestin from birth to postnatal day 56 prevents development of uterine glands and, as adults, the ewes are unable to exhibit estrous cycles or maintain pregnancy. Uterine epithelia secrete proteins and transport nutrients into the uterine lumen necessary for conceptus development, pregnancy recognition signaling and implantation, including arginine and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). Arginine can be metabolized to nitric oxide and to polyamines or act directly to activate MTOR cell signaling to stimulate proliferation, migration, and mRNA translation in trophectoderm cells. SPP1 binds αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins and induces focal adhesion assembly, adhesion and migration of conceptus trophectoderm cells during implantation. Thus, arginine and SPP1 mediate growth, migration, cytoskeletal remodeling and adhesion of trophectoderm essential for pregnancy recognition signaling and implantation.</P>
Roles of Conceptus Secretory Proteins in Establishment and Maintenance of Pregnancy in Ruminants
Bazer, Fuller W.,Song, Gwon-Hwa,Thatcher, William W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.1
Reproduction in ruminant species is a highly complex biological process requiring a dialogue between the developing conceptus (embryo-fetus and associated placental membranes) and maternal uterus which must be established during the peri-implantation period for pregnancy recognition signaling and regulation of gene expression by uterine epithelial and stromal cells. The uterus provide a microenvironment in which molecules secreted by uterine epithelia and transported into the uterine lumen represent histotroph, also known as the secretome, that are required for growth and development of the conceptus and receptivity of the uterus to implantation by the elongating conceptus. Pregnancy recognition signaling as related to sustaining the functional lifespan of the corpora lutea, is required to sustain the functional life-span of corpora lutea for production of progesterone which is essential for uterine functions supportive of implantation and placentation required for successful outcomes of pregnancy. It is within the peri-implantation period that most embryonic deaths occur in ruminants due to deficiencies attributed to uterine functions or failure of the conceptus to develop appropriately, signal pregnancy recognition and/or undergo implantation and placentation. The endocrine status of the pregnant ruminant and her nutritional status are critical for successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The challenge is to understand the complexity of key mechanisms that are characteristic of successful reproduction in humans and animals and to use that knowledge to enhance fertility and reproductive health of ruminant species in livestock enterprises.
Pregnancy Recognition Signaling for Establishment and Maintenance of Pregnancy
Bazer, Fuller W. The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 1999 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.23 No.4
Interferon tau (IFN$\tau$), the pregnancy recognition signal in ruminants, suppresses transcription of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene in the endometrial luminal (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (sGE) to prevent oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression and pulsatile release of luteolytic prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ (PGF), Interferon regulatory factors one (IRF-l) and two (IRF-2) are transcription factors induced by IFN$\tau$ that activate and silence gene expression, respectively. Available results suggest that IFN$\tau$ acts directly on LE and sGE during pregnancy to induce sequentially IRF-l and then IRF-2 gene expression to silence transcription of ER and OTR genes, block the luteolytic mechanism to maintenance a functional corpus luteum (CL) and, signal maternal recognition of pregnancy. The theory for maternal recognition of pregnancy in pigs is that the uterine endometrium of cyclic gilts secretes PGF in an endocrine direction, toward the uterine vasculature for transport to the CL to exert its luteolytic effect. However, in pregnant pigs, estrogens secreted by the conceptuses are responsible, perhaps in concert with effects of prolactin and calcium, for exocrine secretion of PGF into the uterine lumen where it is sequestered to exert biological effects and / or be metabolized to prevent luteolysis.
Select nutrients, progesterone, and interferon tau affect conceptus metabolism and development
Bazer, Fuller W,Kim, Jingyoung,Song, Gwonhwa,Ka, Hakhyun,Tekwe, Carmen D,Wu, Guoyao Blackwell Publishing Inc 2012 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Vol.1271 No.1
<P>Interferon tau (IFNT), a novel multifunctional type I interferon secreted by trophectoderm, is the pregnancy recognition signal in ruminants that also has antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory bioactivities. IFNT, with progesterone, affects availability of the metabolic substrate in the uterine lumen by inducing expression of genes for transport of select nutrients into the uterine lumen that activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) cell signaling responsible for proliferation, migration, and protein synthesis by conceptus trophectoderm. As an immunomodulatory protein, IFNT induces an anti-inflammatory state affecting metabolic events that decrease adiposity and glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 activity, while increasing insulin sensitivity, nitric oxide production by endothelial cells, and brown adipose tissue in rats. This short review focuses on effects of IFNT and progesterone affecting transport of select nutrients into the uterine lumen to stimulate mTOR cell signaling required for conceptus development, as well as effects of IFNT on the immune system and adiposity in rats with respect to its potential therapeutic value in reducing obesity.</P>