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장기간의 작업으로 인한 손상 누적성 장애에 관한 연구 : Osram Sylvania , Inc. 의 사례 연구 Case Study at Osram Sylvania, Inc.
Freivalds,Andris,장성록 한국산업안전학회 1997 한국안전학회지 Vol.12 No.4
The purpose of this paper is to present design recommendations intended to reduce the risk of cumulative trauma disorders(CTD) at the Osram Slvania, Inc. The CTD risk index score is a method which quanitifies the risk factors to CTD incidence, namely extreme postures, high force elements, frequent damaging hand motions, and other miscellaneous factors. The risk index score quantified the jobs as a single composite value by weighting the scores for each risk factor. Jobs were prioritized for capital outlays in workstation redesign, and the factors of highest risk within each job could be identified. Three jobs which presented the greatest risk of CTD incidence were. redesigned ergonomically.
Simulations Using a Whole-body Biomechanical Model
Jung, Eui S.,Freivalds, Andris 한국경영과학회 1990 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
Further developments on a dynamic biomechanical model are presented to assess musculoskeltal stresses and human responses. The model being developed is an extension of the Articulated Total Body (ATB) Model, originally developed by Calspan Corp. for the study of human dynamics during automobile crashes, later adopted to the U.S. Air Force to simulate the reactions of aircrew personnel to such forces typically encountered in various phases of flight operations. Further refinements were introduced by Freivalds and Kaleps (1984) to account for a human neuromusculature. In this study, modeling of active neuromusculature was described and simulations of whole-body human motion were performed using the ATB Model. It indicated the potential of using a muscularized biomechanical model coupled with CAD capabilities to simulate human responses in a variety of industrial settings as well. This will serve as a basis of incorporating computer aided design methods into a muscularized biomechanical models.
Analysis of Tool Grip Tasks Using a Glove-Based Hand Posture Measurement System
Yun, Myung Hwan,Freivalds, Andris,Lee, Myun W. 한국경영과학회 1994 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
An efficient measurement and evaluation system for hand tool tasks will provide a practical solution to the problem of designing and evaluating manual tool tasks in the workplace. Few studies on the biomechanical analysis of hand postures and tool handling tasks exist because of the lack of appropriate measurement techniques for hand force. A measurement system for the finger forces and joint angles for analysis of manual tool handling tasks was developed in this study. The measurement system consists of a force sensing glove made from twelve Force Sensitive Resistors and angle-measuring glove (Cyberglove^TM, Virtual technologies) with eighteen joint angle sensors. A biomechanical model of the hand using the data from the measurement system was also developed. Systems of computerized procedures were implemented integrating the hand posture measurement system, biomechanical analysis system, and the task analysis system for manual tool handling tasks. The measurement system was useful in providing the hand force data needed for an existing task analysis system used in CTD risk evaluation. It is expected that the hand posture measurement developed in this study will provide an efficient and cost-effective solution to task analysis of manual tool handling tasks. These tasks are becoming increasingly important areas of occupational health and safety of the country.
An Instrumented Glove for Grasp Specification In Virtual Reality Based Point-and-Direct Telerobotics
Yun, Myung Hwan,Cannon, David,Freivalds, Andris 한국경영과학회 1996 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
Hand posture and force, which define aspects of the way an object is grasped, are features of robotic manipulation. A means for specifying these grasping '"flavors" has been developed that uses an instrumented glove equipped with joint and force sensors. The new grasp specification system is being used at the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) in a Virtual Reality based Point-and-Direct (VR-PAD) robotics implementation. In the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Laboratory at Penn State, hand posture and force data were collected for manipulating bricks and other items that require varying amounts of force at multiple pressure points. The feasibility of measuring desired grasp characteristics was demonstrated for a modified Cyberglove impregnated with FSR (Force Sensitive Resistor) pressure sensors in the fingertips. A joint/force model relating the parameters of finger articulation and pressure to various lifting tasks was validated for the instrumented "wired" glove. Operators using such a modified glove may ultimately be able to configure robot grasping tasks in environments involving hazardous waste remediation, flexible manufacturing, space operations and other flexible robotics applications. In each case, the VR-PAD approach improved the computational and delay problems of real-time multiple-degree-of-freedom force feedback telemanipulation.