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High tryptophan rice with an improved eating quality
Franz Marielle Nogoy,Hye-Jung Lee,Marjohn Nino,Me-Sun Kim,Sothea Ouk,Yu-Jin Jung,Kwon-Kyoo Kang,Ill-sup Nou,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Geneticists and rice breeders are continuing to address solutions to high cases of undernutrition and malnutrition in many parts of the world. Fortification with vitamins in rice is a feasible solution to directly reach consumers who suffer nutritional problems. In this study, we are working on tryptophan, a limiting amino acid in almost all protein sources which are of importance for human nutrition. The present high tryptophan rice lines are much higher tryptophan level in mature seeds than wild type, however, the grain quality is very low. We try to improve the eating quality of the current high tryptophan rice lines by crossing them to popular Korean varieties, Hopumbyeo and Samgwangbyeo. Insensitive lines for tryptophan feedback inhibition are screened by growing in medium containing amino acid analogues, 5-methyl tryptophan. In vitro screening of each progenies enables us to select in each generation the rice lines with tolerance to 5-methyl tryptophan. After a series of in vitro screening and phenotypic selection in the field, the F4 progeny containing the same mutation in ASA2 gene from its parent showed an improvement in its grain quality.
Franz Nogoy,Hye-Jung Lee,Joonki Kim,Marjohn Nino,Me-Sun Kim,Sothea Ouk,Kwon-Kyoo Kang,Illsup Nou,Yong-Gu Cho 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
Fortification with vitamins in crops like rice is a continuing endeavor for geneticists and rice breeders. Tryptophan is one of the essential amino acids needed in human diet. In this study, we developed rice mutant lines using ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatment in Korean cv. Donganbyeo and candidate rice lines were selected by insensitivity to the tryptophan analog, 5-methyltryptophan. One of the mutants has a 20-25 fold higher tryptophan level in mature seeds than wild type. To identify the mutations in anthranilate synthase genes, OASA1 and OASA2 sequences were generated. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of tryptophan biosynthesis related genes were examined. To further qualify the tryptophan fortification in rice, comparative assessment of cooking and eating quality was conducted with mutant lines and wild type. The moisture, viscosity, taste quality, protein content, amylose content and amino acid composition were similar with wild type. However, tryptophan contents in the mutant lines were higher than wild type as we targeted. The mutation present in AS gene of 5MT resistant rice may prove useful for the generation of crops with increased tryptophan contents and the mutation differences in AS sequences can be used for selection of mutant lines with high tryptophan level from large population.
Genomics Researches and Their Applications in Plant Breeding at PAG XXIV Conference
( Franz Marielle Nogoy ),( Shadi Rahimi ),( Kwon-kyoo Kang ),( Yong-gu Cho ) 한국육종학회 2016 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.4 No.1
The rise of whole genome sequences of different plants provided more understanding about the gene regulation and genome evolution in further studying plants. More and more pathways and networks are identified by novel gene discoveries. Therefore, the Plant and Animal Genome Conference (PAG XXIV) provides a good venue to share the recent progress in the area of plant research genome sequencing technologies in various plants. However, this information can make a powerful system for developing improved crop varieties. By the way, the genome annotation and assembly is an essential key for breeding of stress-tolerant plants. PAG XXIV demonstrated different works about the extensive use of genomic databases accompanied by bioinformatics tools to accelerate breeding methods, discovery of new approaches to genomics, further increasing biomass of bioenergy crops, and explaining the genetic mechanisms in plant growth and defense. This review article summarizes some of the researches in various plants of rice, corn, wheat, cottonwood, switchgrasses, Thinopyrum, wheatgrass and Arabidopsis presented in PAG XXIV with the focus on genome technologies and their applications in plant breeding.