Study on EFL Teacher Questions at a University in China: Focusing on Question Types and Questioning Language

Fengmei Yu(Fengmei Yu) 한국영어어문교육학회 2022 영어어문교육 Vol.28 No.4

Considering that teacher questions are crucial input source in EFL setting, this research is a study on teacher questions in university classes in China. The purpose of the study is to find out the frequency of teacher question types and also, the influence of EFL teachers’ questioning language, English or Chinese, on students’ output in EFL classes. The participants in this study are five university teachers and 168 students in China. The study adopts mixed research methods: quantitative and qualitative methods. Classroom observation and questionnaires are used to collect the data with the help of online software Questionnaire Star. Cross-coding analysis was carried out. It is found that questions for comprehension check, display questions, and referential questions are widely used in EFL classrooms in China. Different question types have different functions and advantages, so it is suggested that EFL teachers use appropriate question types with awareness. Also, teacher questions using English results in higher English output from the students compared to questions asked in Chinese. Therefore, it is suggested that more English questions be used in EFL classroom instead of the students` mother tougue. Also, in-service teacher training on teacher questions is recommended.

Study on Chinese Microfinance Company and Rural Development

Fengmei Yang 한국유통과학회 2017 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2017 No.-

The purpose of microfinance in China is to expand the provision of loans to farmers, individual owners and micro enterprises. In China, the finance institution is more concerned about the city than the rural for a long time. Even the rural banks, such as China Agriculture Bank and Rural Credit Cooperative Company, mainly moved the funds of rural to the city instead of helping the farmers. So in the vast rural areas, financial service is missing and capital is shortage in China. The state wants to guide private capital flows to rural and underdeveloped areas in order to improve financial services there. With establishing microfinance, farmers’ income and rural economy can be promoted. This study found that microfinance companies did promote the development of rural areas. Chinese microfinance created a unique development model in the development process which helps farmers a lot. The results of the regression show that the funds of China’s microfinance companies flow to the countryside, to make up for the lack of rural financial situation for the “three rural” (agriculture, rural areas, farmers). The microfinance companies provide funding and greatly improve the peasant’s expenditure, which achieve the intended target. Further study found that microfinance companies have made such a good achievement in promoting rural development, mainly because they provide funds that are in line with China’s reality.

A Study on Microfinance Company and Rural Development in China

Fengmei YANG,Shuai SU 한국유통과학회 2018 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2018 No.-

In China, the finance institution is more concerned about the city than the rural for a long time. Even the rural banks, such as China Agriculture Bank and Rural Credit Cooperative Company, mainly moved the funds of rural to the city instead of helping the farmers. The purpose of microfinance in China is to expand the provision of loans to farmers, individual owners and micro enterprises. The state wants to guide private capital flows to rural and underdeveloped areas in order to improve financial services there. With establishing microfinance, farmers’ income and rural economy can be promoted. This study found that microfinance companies did promote the development of rural areas. Chinese microfinance created a unique development model in the development process which helps farmers a lot. The results of the regression show that the funds of China s microfinance companies flow to the countryside, to make up for the lack of rural financial situation for the three rural (agriculture, rural areas, farmers). The microfinance companies provide funding and greatly improve the peasant’s expenditure, which achieve the intended target. Further study found that microfinance companies have made such a good achievement in promoting rural development, mainly because they provide funds that are in line with China’s reality.

SINGULARITY FORMATION FOR A NONLINEAR VARIATIONAL SINE-GORDON EQUATION IN A MULTIDIMENSIONAL SPACE

Fengmei Qin,송경우,Qin Wang 대한수학회 2023 대한수학회보 Vol.60 No.6

We study a multidimensional nonlinear variational sine-Gor\-don equation, which can be used to describe long waves on a dipole chain in the continuum limit. By using the method of characteristics, we show that a solution of a nonlinear variational sine-Gordon equation with certain initial data in a multidimensional space has a singularity in finite time.

Identifying natural genotypes of grain number per panicle in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by association mapping

Jianyin Xie,Fengmei Li,Najeeb Ullah Khan,Xiaoyang Zhu,Xueqiang Wang,Zhifang Zhang,Xiaoqian Ma,Yan Zhao,Quan Zhang,Shuyang Zhang,Zhanying Zhang,Jinjie Li,Zichao Li,Hongliang Zhang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.3

Introduction As one of the main yield components, grain number per panicle (GNP) played critical role in the rice yield improvement. The identification of natural advantageous variations under different situations will promote the sustainable genetic improvement in rice yield. Objectives This study was designed to identify natural genotypes in a rice mini-core collection, to examine the genotypic effects across the indica and japonica genetic background in different environments, and excavating the superior genotypes that had drove the modern genetic improvement. Methods The association mapping of GNP was carried out using a mini-core collection including 154 indica and 119 japonica accessions in seven different environments. Genotypic effects of each genotype for each QTL were calculated and genotype frequency distortion between the commercial rice cultivars and landraces was screened by χ2-test. Results In total, 74 QTLs containing stable and sensitive QTLs in various environments were detected. Within them, 20 positive and 24 negative genotypes in indica, and 24 positive and 16 negative genotypes in japonica were identified. When checking the accumulation of positive genotypes identified in indica across cultivars in each of the two subspecies, it indicated that increased number of positive genotypes identified in indica results in the substantially increased GNP in both indica and japonica across all of the environments, while this trend was not obvious for the positive genotypes identified in japonica especially in short day environments. Moreover, the positive and negative genotype frequency distortion between the landraces and commercial rice cultivars indicated that both positive selection of positive genotypes and negative selection of negative genotypes had driven the genetic improvement on GNP. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the accumulation of positive genotypes and purifying negative genotypes played equivalently important roles in the improvement of rice yield, but the efficient use for some QTLs or genotypes depends on the comprehensive evaluation of their effect under diverse genetic backgrounds and environments.

RF Transceiver Circuit FPGA Program Design and Development

Ruiqiang Liu,Fengmei Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.12

As the communication technology is developing rapidly and the communication system and standard are updated constantly, people proposed the concept that the virtual radio is realized through software to achieve the interconnection among equipment. The paper shows the basic structure and module composition of virtual radio RF front-end, highlighting the key technology for hardware design of the whole RF front-end as well as the FPGA local control logic. The hardware, consisting of FPGA module and its control module, is provided with the relative design of circuit diagram. Moreover, the tests on RF front-end board are presented in the paper, proving that the board has favorable commonality to serve as the RF front-end for receiving and sending of wireless signals in software radio system, being used as wireless access card device and wireless system experiment device, and for building the industrial private communication system.

LPV/H ∞ CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR PATH TRACKING OF AUTONOMOUS GROUND VEHICLES THROUGH FOUR-WHEEL STEERING AND DIRECT YAW-MOMENT CONTROL

Peng Hang,Xinbo Chen,Fengmei Luo 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.4

This paper focuses on the path-tracking controller design for autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) using fourwheel steering (4WS) and direct yaw-moment control (DYC) systems. In order to deal with the parametric uncertainties, a linear parameter-varying (LPV) H∞ controller is designed as the high-level controller to generate the front and rear wheel steering angles and external yaw moment based on linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. The lower-level controller is designed for torque allocation between the left and right side wheels to yield the desired total longitudinal force and external yaw moment utilizing weighted least square (WLS) allocation algorithm. To test the performance of the proposed pathtracking controller, numerical simulations are carried out based on a high-fidelity and full-vehicle model constructed in CarSim. Simulation results show that the LPV/H∞ controller has better path-tracking performance than the fixed gain H∞ controller. To show the superiority of 4WS+DYC control system, the contrast simulation is performed based on LPV/H∞ controller. Simulation results indicate that 4WS+DYC control system has better path-tracking performance and handling stability than active front steering (AFS), AFS+DYC and 4WS control systems.

IRE1α protects against osteoarthritis by regulating progranulin-dependent XBP1 splicing and collagen homeostasis

Liang Li,Zhang Fengmei,Feng Naibo,Kuang Biao,Fan Mengtian,Chen Cheng,Pan Yiming,Zhou Pengfei,Geng Nana,Li Xingyue,Xian Menglin,Deng Lin,Li Xiaoli,Kuang Liang,Luo Fengtao,Tan Qiaoyan,Xie Yangli,Guo Fen 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a full-joint, multifactorial, degenerative and inflammatory disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients due to its disabling and pain-causing properties. ER stress has been reported to be closely related to the progression of OA. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box-binding protein-1 spliced (IRE1α/XBP1s) pathway, which is highly expressed in the chondrocytes of OA patients, promotes the degradation and refolding of abnormal proteins during ER stress and maintains the stability of the ER environment of chondrocytes, but its function and the underlying mechanisms of how it contributes to the progression of OA remain unclear. This study investigates the role of IRE1α/ERN1 in OA. Specific deficiency of ERN1 in chondrocytes spontaneously resulted in OA-like cartilage destruction and accelerated OA progression in a surgically induced arthritis model. Local delivery of AdERN1 relieved degradation of the cartilage matrix and prevented OA development in an ACLT-mediated model. Mechanistically, progranulin (PGRN), an intracellular chaperone, binds to IRE1α, promoting its phosphorylation and splicing of XBP1u to generate XBP1s. XBP1s protects articular cartilage through TNF-α/ERK1/2 signaling and further maintains collagen homeostasis by regulating type II collagen expression. The chondroprotective effect of IRE1α/ERN1 is dependent on PGRN and XBP1s splicing. ERN1 deficiency accelerated cartilage degeneration in OA by reducing PGRN expression and XBP1s splicing, subsequently decreasing collagen II expression and triggering collagen structural abnormalities and an imbalance in collagen homeostasis. This study provides new insights into OA pathogenesis and the UPR and suggests that IRE1α/ERN1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of joint degenerative diseases, including OA.

Somatic cell reprogrammed by oocyte: process and barricade

LiBing Ma,XiaoYing He,FengMei Wang,Teng Cheng,XiYu Liu 한국통합생물학회 2014 Animal cells and systems Vol.18 No.3

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a technology in which a somatic nucleus is transferred into thecytoplasm of a matured oocyte – reconstructed embryos have the capacity to develop to term. Why somaticcells can be reprogrammed by oocytes – the answer for this question must exist in the cytoplasm of maturedoocytes. In this review, totipotent characters of matured oocytes were discussed, which may confer maturedoocytes with the capacity to reprogram somatic nucleus. Moreover, the procedure of SCNT also makes apossibility for somatic nucleus to be reprogrammed by oocytes. Compared with fertilized embryos, embryosderived from SCNT exhibit low developmental ability; the barricades in reprogramming process and theirpossible reasons were also discussed. This review maybe can benefit the mechanism research of SCNTtechnology and can make contribution for improving the efficiency of this technology.

ROBUST CONTROL FOR FOUR-WHEEL-INDEPENDENT-STEERING ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH STEER-BY-WIRE SYSTEM

Peng Hang,Xinbo Chen,Shude Fang,Fengmei Luo 한국자동차공학회 2017 International journal of automotive technology Vol.18 No.5

A four-wheel-independent-steering (4WIS) electric vehicle (EV) with steer-by-wire (SBW) system is proposed in this paper. The fast terminal sliding mode controller (FTSMC) is designed for the SBW system to suppress external disturbances. Taking unstructured and structured uncertainties into consideration, a robust controller is designed for the 4WIS EV utilizing μ synthesis approach and the controller order reduction is implemented based on Hankel-Norm approximation. Since sideslip angle is the feedback signal of robust controller and it is hard to measure, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is employed to estimate sideslip angle. To evaluate the vehicle performance with the designed control system, step and sinusoidal steering maneuvers are simulated and analyzed. Simulation results show that the designed control system have good tracking ability, strong robust stability and good robust performance to improve vehicle stability and handing performance.