Manufacture of Precheese Powder by Use of Low-temperature Renneting Made from Raw Milk Using Spray Dryer

Shuo-Feng An,Jing-Zhu Piao,장운기 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Among the food constituents, proteins differ in coagulation properties as compared to other constituents in food system. Especially milk protein coagulate through different pathways thus this coagulability can be used for manufacture of various dairy products or as a determinant of dairy product analysis. These milk coagulation methods include organic solvent, isoelectric point, trichloroacetic acid, Ca-sensitive casein, heavy metal ion and rennet coagulation. The coagulation experiment was performed using above parameters at 0℃ and 25℃ to find the dehydration conditions before coagulating for precheese powder making. After different chemical treatments, there was no coagulation at 0℃ rather at 25℃ whatever the mode of coagulation methods was. The appearance of precipitate with coagulation methods was quite different from above mentioned methods of coagulation illustrated by scanning electron microscope. These powders were used for fabrication of camembert cheese by renneting coagulation at 0℃, showing the possibility of cheese materials and of food additives for fabrication of products.

A hybrid finite element and analytical model for determining the mesh stiffness of internal gear pairs

Shuo Feng,Lehao Chang,Zhaoxia He 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.6

This work developed an efficient model for calculating the mesh stiffness of spur/helical internal gear pairs by combining the finite element method (FEM) and analytical formula. The tooth global deformation is obtained by separation of the deformation of a full finite element model and a partial model, and the local contact deformation is derived by an analytical line contact formula based on Hertz contact theory. The transmission error and mesh stiffness of the gear pair can be acquired after solving the nonlinear contact equilibrium equations. Compared with the conventional FEM, the proposed method has much smaller computational consumption. Furthermore, it also overcomes the disadvantage that the analytical method is difficult to consider different ring gear structures. Then the influences of ring thicknesses and the number of support pins of the ring gear on the mesh stiffness are discussed. The results show that the ring flexibility will change the amplitude-frequency components of the mesh stiffness a lot.

Calvo Is Back! Changing Sovereignty and Evolutionary Investment Law in a Leaving and Return of the State Paradigm

Shuo Feng,Wei Shen 이준국제법연구원 2020 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.13 No.2

Manufacture of Precheese Powder by Use of Low-temperature Renneting Made from Raw Milk Using Spray Dryer

An, Shuo-Feng,Piao, Jing-Zhu,Chang, Oun-Ki Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Among the food constituents, proteins differ in coagulation properties as compared to other constituents in food system. Especially milk protein coagulate through different pathways thus this coagulability can be used for manufacture of various dairy products or as a determinant of dairy product analysis. These milk coagulation methods include organic solvent, isoelectric point, trichloroacetic acid, Ca-sensitive casein, heavy metal ion and rennet coagulation. The coagulation experiment was performed using above parameters at $0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ to find the dehydration conditions before coagulating for precheese powder making. After different chemical treatments, there was no coagulation at $0^{\circ}C$ rather at $25^{\circ}C$ whatever the mode of coagulation methods was. The appearance of precipitate with coagulation methods was quite different from above mentioned methods of coagulation illustrated by scanning electron microscope. These powders were used for fabrication of camembert cheese by renneting coagulation at $0^{\circ}C$, showing the possibility of cheese materials and of food additives for fabrication of products.

19세기 한강 兩性 詩會 연구

장풍석(Feng-Shuo Zhang) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2023 동양한문학연구 Vol.64 No.-

조선시대 문인들은 한강 가에 별서를 자주 마련하였다. 한강 가에 별서를 가진 서울 사대부들은 시회와 같은 모임을 자주 열었는데 가끔 여성 시인도 동석하였다. 19세기 전반기 申緯와 金履陽ㆍ李裕元ㆍ李晩用ㆍ朴永輔ㆍ徐念淳 등 남성 문인들은 雲楚ㆍ瓊山ㆍ錦園ㆍ錦紅 등 기녀 시인과 함께 한강에 있는 정자에서 兩性 詩會를 가졌다. 본고는 1841년 봄에 열린 五江樓 兩性 詩會와, 1843년 여름에 열린 三好亭 兩性 詩會를 중심으로 하여 그 자리에서 지은 화운시를 살펴봄으로써 19세기 한강 兩性 詩會가 지닌 성격과 문학사적 의미를 규명하는 것을 목표로 삼고 있다. 한강 兩性 詩會 화운시는 사교적 성격이 강하다. 그 실상을 보면 시회 구성원들이 시회 주인공의 경사를 경축하거나 풍채를 칭찬하고, 남녀 구분 없이 시를 화운하는 것에 동참하며 구성원 간에 긴밀하고 우호적인 관계를 돈독히 표출하려는 경향을 띠고 있다. 이와 동시에, 여성 시인의 합류로 인해 두 차례의 시회가 보다 독특한 성격을 갖게 되었다. 한편, 이만용과 신위는 시회에 나온 기녀 시인의 출신과 신세를 한탄하는 데 그치지 않은 반면, 그녀들의 문장과 시구를 긍정하고 적극 활용함으로써 ‘문채를 가진 여성’이라는 시선으로 그녀들을 대하였다. 다른 한편, 남성 문인이 기녀 시인에게 ‘女史’와 ‘校書’라는 호칭을 붙여 불렀는데 무엇보다 기녀 시인들이 시에 뛰어난 재질을 가지고 있었기 때문에 이러한 호칭을 받을 수 있었다. 이러한 시회를 결성하고 장소를 제공하며 주도적 역할을 담당했던 사람은 물론 사대부들이었다. 기녀 시인들이 노래와 춤, 악기, 시 등을 담당하였기에 兩性 詩會는 ‘유흥’의 성격을 지니나 그 내면에 숨어 있는 이치를 생각해볼 여지가 있다. 통시적으로 볼 때 한강 兩性 詩會는 조선후기 집단적인 문화 활동에 있어서 성별에 대한 경계와 제한이 어느 정도 약화되는 미세한 변화를 보여 주었고 그 이면에는 19세기 경화세족의 변화된 여성관이 담겨 있다. 공시적으로 볼 때 이는 19세기 다양한 시사 및 시회 결성 상황, 그리고 19세기 한강 문화 활동의 입체적인 면목을 보여 주었다. Many intellectuals in the Joseon Dynasty owned villas along the Han River(漢江). Sadaebu(士大夫) who had villas by the Han River often held parties such as poetry clubs, and sometimes female poets also participate. In the first half of the 19th century, male writers such as Shin Wi(申緯), Kim Yi-yang(金履陽), Lee Yu-won(李裕元), Lee Man-yong(李晩用), Park Young-bo(朴永輔), Suh Yeom-soon(徐念淳) held bisexual poetry clubs at pavilions on the Han River with gisaeng(妓生) poets such as Un-cho(雲楚), Geum-won(錦園), Gyeong-san(瓊山), Geum-hong(錦紅). This paper focuses on the Ogangru(五江樓) Bisexual Poetry Club held in the spring of 1841 and the Samhojeong(三好亭) Bisexual Poetry Club held in the summer of 1843, and examines ‘rhyme poems(和韻詩)’ written on the spot. The purpose of this study is to reveal the character and literary history of the Han River Bisexual Poetry Clubs in the 19th Century. The rhyme poem written by Han River Bisexual Poetry Clubs has a strong social purpose in terms of content and writing style. In addition to congratulating the main characters of the poetry clubs, both male and female authors tend to express a friendly relationship between members participate in the club. At the same time, due to the participation of female poets, these Bisexual Poetry Clubs have some other characteristics. On the one hand, male poets did not only describe the female poets’ family backgrounds or life experience, but treat them as ‘knowledgeable and literary women’ by quoting and appreciating the poems they wrote. On the other hand, male poets called gisaeng poets by the titles of ‘Yeosa(女史)’ and ‘Gyoseo(校書)’. The reason why gisaeng poets were able to receive these titles is because they had a great talent for poetry . It was the male poets who formed these poetry clubs, provided places, and played a leading role. Nevertheless, gisaeng poets took part in various creation activities such as singing, dancing, and playing musical instruments, as well as writing poetry with male poets. It showed subtle changes in the gender division in the 19th Century. In addition, it is presumed that the reason why the Han River Bisexual Poetry clubs organized during this period was because there was a new expectation and demand for the ideal female image of Gyeonghwasejok(京華世族) in the 19th century. As a result of this change, gisaeng poets, though of low status, were gifted in art and poetry, somehow fit the image of what a male poet would want as an ideal mate. This allows them to participate in cultural events alongside male authors.

Reinforced high-strength concrete square columns confined by aramid FRP jackets. part I: experimental study

Yuan-feng Wang,Yi-Shuo Ma,Han-liang Wu 국제구조공학회 2011 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.11 No.6

Although retrofitting and strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) columns by wrapping fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have become a popular technique in civil engineering, the study on reinforced high-strength concrete (HSC) columns is still not sufficient. The objective of these companion papers is to investigate the mechanical properties of reinforced HSC square columns confined by aramid FRP (AFRP) jackets under concentric compressive loading. In the part I of these companion papers, an experiment was conducted on 54 confined RC specimens and nine unconfined plain specimens, the considered parameters were the concrete strength, the thickness of AFRP jackets, and the form of AFRP wrapping. The experimental process and results are presented in detail. Subsequently, some discussions on the confinement effect, failure modes, strength, and ductility of the columns are carried out.

P3H4 promotes renal cell carcinoma progression and suppresses antitumor immunity via regulating GDF15-MMP9-PD-L1 axis

Tian, Shuo,Huang, Yan,Lai, Dong,Wang, Hanfeng,Du, Songliang,Shen, Donglai,Chen, Weihao,Xuan, Yundong,Lu, Yongliang,Feng, Huayi,Zhang, Xiangyi,Zhao, Wenlei,Wang, Chenfeng,Wang, Tao,Wu, Shengpan,Huang, Techno-Press 2022 Advances in nano research Vol.12 No.6

The prolyl 3-hydroxylase family member 4 (P3H4), is associated with post-translational modification of fibrillar collagens and aberrantly activated in cancer leading to tumor progression. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unknown. Here we reported that P3H4 was highly expressed in renal cancer tissues and significantly positive correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of P3H4 inhibited the proliferation, migration and metastasis of renal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and also, overexpression of it enhanced the oncogenic process. Mechanistically, P3H4 depletion decreased the levels of GDF15-MMP9 axis and repressed its downstream signaling. Further functional studies revealed that inhibition of GDF15 suppressed renal cancer cell growth and GDF15 recombinant human protein (rhGDF15) supplementation effectively rescued the inhibitory effect induced by P3H4 knockdown. Moreover, decreased levels of MMP9 caused by inhibition of P3H4-GDF15 signaling constrained the expression of PD-L1 and suppression of P3H4 accordingly promoted anti-tumor immunity via stimulating the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in syngeneic mice model. Taken together, our findings firstly demonstrated that P3H4 promotes ccRCC progression by activating GDF15-MMP9-PD-L1 axis and targeting P3H4-GDF15-MMP9 signaling pathway can be a novel strategy of controlling ccRCC malignancy.

Influence of creep on dynamic behavior of concrete filled steel tube arch bridges

Yuan-Feng Wang,Yi-Shuo Ma,Li Su,Shengqi Mei 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.21 No.1

Concrete creep, while significantly changing the static behaviors of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) structures, do alter the structures' dynamic behaviors as well, which is studied quite limitedly. The attempt to investigate the influence of concrete creep on the dynamic property and response of CFST arch bridges was made in this paper. The mechanism through which creep exerts its influence was analyzed first; then a predicative formula was proposed for the concrete elastic modulus after creep based on available test data; finally a numerical analysis for the effect of creep on the dynamic behaviors of a long-span half-through CFST arch bridge was conducted. It is demonstrated that the presence of concrete creep increases the elastic modulus of concrete, and further magnifies the seismic responses of the displacement and internal force in some sections of the bridge. This influence is related closely to the excitation and the structure, and should be analyzed case-by-case.

Compound K attenuates hyperglycemia by enhancing glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through activating TGR5 via the remodeling of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

Tian, Fengyuan,Huang, Shuo,Xu, Wangda,Chen, Lan,Su, Jianming,Ni, Haixiang,Feng, Xiaohong,Chen, Jie,Wang, Xi,Huang, Qi The Korean Society of Ginseng 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.6

Background: Incretin impairment, characterized by insufficient secretion of L-cell-derived glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is a defining step of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ginsenoside compound K (CK) can stimulate GLP-1 secretion; however, the potential mechanism underlying this effect has not been established. Methods: CK (40 mg/kg) was administered orally to male db/db mice for 4 weeks. The body weight, oral glucose tolerance, GLP-1 secretion, gut microbiota sequencing, bile acid (BA) profiles, and BA synthesis markers of each subject were then analyzed. Moreover, TGR5 expression was evaluated by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, and L-cell lineage markers involved in L-cell abundance were analyzed. Results: CK ameliorated obesity and impaired glucose tolerance in db/db mice by altering the gut microbiota, especially Ruminococcaceae family, and this changed microbe was positively correlated with secondary BA synthesis. Additionally, CK treatment resulted in the up-regulation of CYP7B1 and CYP27A1 and the down-regulation of CYP8B1, thereby shifting BA biosynthesis from the classical pathway to the alternative pathway. CK altered the BA pool by mainly increasing LCA and DCA. Furthermore, CK induced L-cell number expansion leading to enhanced GLP-1 release through TGR5 activation. These increases were supported by the upregulation of genes governing GLP-1 secretion and L-cell differentiation. Conclusions: The results indicate that CK improves glucose homeostasis by increasing L-cell numbers, which enhances GLP-1 release through a mechanism partially mediated by the gut microbiota-BA-TGR5 pathway. Therefore, that therapeutic attempts with CK might be useful for patients with T2DM.

Predicting connection integrity with consideration of thermo stress

Yong Qin Cheng,Shuo Qiong Liu,Feng Zhong Qi,Hui Ting Liu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.8

In the conventional gas seal analysis of special threaded joints, the influence of temperature stress caused by the difference between formation temperature and fluid temperature in casing is often neglected. However, the influence mechanism of temperature stress is prerequisite information for accurately predicting the safe operating conditions that prevent a premium connection from being damaged. In this paper, we propose a model that includes these effects to predict the safe operating pressures and temperatures that will prevent seal failure. For the temperature stress, we propose a finite element model of thermal solid coupling. Subsequent stress changes are evaluated by a fully coupled model of thermal solid coupling to analyze the mechanical behavior of the premium connection. We predict the safe operating envelope (SOE) for premium connection failures caused by pressure and temperature perturbations after make-up. Our model predicts that radial pressure is a key factor for connection failure, especially for rapid temperature changes. If the formation temperature is high and the casing fluid temperature is low, the influence of temperature stress will increase under this working condition, resulting in an increase in the probability of failure of premium connections. Compared with conventional premium connection models, the model of thermal solid coupling predicts a smaller SOE when heating the internal casing fluid and a larger envelope when cooling the internal casing fluid. Finally, the heating rate was considered with respect to field applications. The heating rate was also considered, and slower heating/cooling rates can prevent damage to the seal integrity. Finally, the model was applied to explain several laboratory and field experiments and achieved good matches.